It is often assumed that when reading a story, one is reading a finished product. Although, he who has read some of Hemingway’s short stories knows that this is not always true. By using the iceberg principle a reader has to work in order for a story to make sense. A story like Hills Like White Elephants is not a finished product, for example: the word ‘abortion’ is never mentioned, yet it becomes clear that if you pay close attention to the dialogue and the setting, this is the subject of discussion. This will quickly lead to the conclusion that the story is, in fact, ‘unfinished’. Hemingway does not provide the answer to the most important question of this story: ‘Will the girl have an abortion, or not?’. Hemingway did leave a lot of clues …show more content…
These phases are based on the development in character of the girl. Renner also identifies these four phases, calling them ‘movements’ (Renner 28). During the first phase the girl wants to go through with the abortion. When she says ‘Then I’ll do it. Because I don’t care about me.’ (Hemingway, 253), she is only thinking of the American, she is selfless. She genuinely loves him and trusts that he knows what is best for her. Renner believes this utterance is an attack on the man’s selfishness (Renner 31). I do not share this opinion. Because the girl is still in her selfless position this could not be an attack, as she has not realized how selfish the man is yet. She still thinks he really knows what he is talking about and thus she should follow him. For the American, however, an expression like this is incomprehensible. Johnston: ‘The man is puzzled because he is incapable of such an act of selflessness which is the truest expression of love.’ (Johnston, 129) Not grasping the true meaning of her words, he tries to look for their underlying meaning and replies with ‘I don’t want you to do it, if you feel that way.’ (254) This is a crucial sentence for the girl, because for the first time she realizes that she does not really feel any way, and that she has been following him blindly. Both Jonhston and Renner also claim that this is true (Johnston 127, Renner 29). Johnston even …show more content…
She tries to figure out what her opinion about all this is and when a cloud thrusts a shadow on the landscape she finally admits to herself that there are thoughts within her that do not correspond with those of the American. Johnston argues that the shadow of the cloud is ‘foreshadowing the death of the unborn child.’ (Johnston 127), another possible explanation could be that the shadow of the cloud is in fact the shadow of the man, in which she has been living. His opinions ‘clouded’ her mind, so to
“Hills like White Elephants” by Ernest Hemingway is about a couple, the American and Jig, who contemplate whether or not to have an abortion. The premise of the story seems simple enough, but the outcome is highly debated. Critics argue that the baby was kept by the couple ( Renner ) and others claim the baby was aborted.( Fletcher ) Others have even simplified the story, claiming that the issue was not resolved because the couple was drunk by the end of the story. ( Sipiora ) Although the conclusion is in questions many have agreed with the idea that the couples relationship would be changed and would end prematurely. ( Wyche ) Dialogue is the main technique in conveying this argument but we can only understand the complexity of Hemingway’s work by looking at the story as a whole. By looking at the many symbols, intrinsically and
Hemingway’s narrative technique, then, is characterized by a curt style that emphasizes objectivity through highly selected details, flat and neutral diction, and simple declarative sentences capable of ironic understatements; by naturalistic presentation of actions and facts, with no attempt of any kind by the author to influence the reader; by heavy reliance on dramatic dialogue of clipped, scrappy forms for building plot and character; and by a sense of connection between some different stories so that a general understanding of all is indispensable to a better understanding of each. He thus makes the surface details suggest rather than tell everything they have to tell, hence the strength of his “iceberg.” His short stories, accordingly, deserve the reader’s second or even third reading.
Hemingway writes his works so that not everything is as it seems. It makes readers take a deeper insight about what he’s writing about. In the story ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ he writes about an operation. Now from the surface, it seems as if they are just going on a trip and when he brings up this operation, readers don’t understand that they are talking about an abortion. The story has to be read a few times, before readers really understand that the argument is about a pregnancy and how the man wants the abortion. This is how Hemingway wanted to write his story. By using his dialogue and symbolism, Hemingway plays everything out in a way that makes readers analyze the story.
The Iceberg Principle that Hemingway is so fond of, has already given rise to many discussions over the years. Giving away only a tip of it, Hemingway leaves us behind with a great amount of mystery in his stories.
Renner, Stanley "Moving to the Girl's Side of `Hills Like White Elephants'." The Hemingway Review, 15 (1) (Fall 1995): 27-41. As Rpt. in Wyche, David "Letting the Air into a Relationship: Metaphorical Abortion in `Hills Like White Elephants'. The Hemingway Review, 22 (1) (Fall 2002): 56-71. EBSCOhost.
Evans, Sara. Wang, Bella ed. "Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway Study Guide : Summary and Analysis of "Hills Like White Elephants"". GradeSaver, 10 December 2010 Web. 9 March 2014.
His “iceberg theory” hides a far greater mass of ice underneath. Just like the abortion part of this story. He leaves the elements of the story to the reader so the readers thoughts and feelings are completely their own interpretations. Moreover, when we tell a story, the how we tell the story is important because you can’t just tell a happy story with a sad attitude it will make the story seem like it’s sad when it’s not. When I look at the painting Hunters in the Snow, I see hunters and their dogs coming back from a hunting trip empty handed. The figures postures show an unhappiness tone. The colors of the painting also suggest a dark and gloomy life of hardship type of setting. In the short story “Hills Like White Elephants” at first seems happy and like the couple is just going on a trip. But as you read further you start to figure out what’s really happening. The how Hemingway told his story made us keep guessing about what the point of the story was. Also, the how Hemingway wrote his story, in short sentences gives the story a different tone to it so some might mistake what the story is really
Earnest Hemingway is known for leaving things out in his writing. He believed that if you knew something well enough, you could leave it out and still get your point across. In the short story "The End of something", he leaves a few things out. Some things he doesn't say at all and others the reader knows something before he says it. He must have know what he was writing about because he the reader can infer certain things.
Hemingway, considered to be a modernist writer, makes his readers work by implementing the well-known theory of omission, which “Hills Like White Elephants” is a perfect example of. As he stated in Death in the Afternoon : ‘If a writer of prose knows enough of what he is writing about he may omit things that he knows and the reader, […].’ (259). It seems that Hemingway assumed the reader would know what is being omitted, nevertheless many features of “Hills Like White Elephants” have already been covered by various critics. At the end of the story the reader is forced to unravel the most...
When a writer picks up their pen and paper, begins one of the most personal and cathartic experiences in their lives, and forms this creation, this seemingly incoherent sets of words and phrases that, read without any critical thinking, any form of analysis or reflexion, can be easily misconstrued as worthless or empty. When one reads an author’s work, in any shape or form, what floats off of the ink of the paper and implants itself in our minds is the author’s personality, their style. Reading any of the greats, many would be able to spot the minute details that separates each author from another; whether it be their use of dialogue, their complex descriptions, their syntax, or their tone. When reading an excerpt of Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast one could easily dissect the work, pick apart each significant moment from Hemingway’s life and analyze it in order to form their own idea of the author’s voice, of his identity. Ernest Hemingway’s writing immediately comes across as rather familiar in one sense. His vocabulary is not all that complicated, his layout is rather straightforward, and it is presented in a simplistic form. While he may meander into seemingly unnecessary detail, his work can be easily read. It is when one looks deeper into the work, examines the techniques Hemingway uses to create this comfortable aura surrounding his body of work, that one begins to lift much more complex thoughts and ideas. Hemingway’s tone is stark, unsympathetic, his details are precise and explored in depth, and he organizes his thoughts with clarity and focus. All of this is presented in A Moveable Feast with expertise every writer dreams to achieve. While Hemingway’s style may seem simplistic on the surface, what lies below is a layered...
"Hills like White Elephants" is not the normal story where you have a beginning, middle and end. Hemingway gave just enough information so that readers could draw their own conclusions. The entire story encompasses a conversation between two lovers and leaves the reader with more questions than answers. Ernest Hemingway was a brilliant writer. People that study Hemingway's works try to gain insight and draw natural conclusions about Hemingway and his life. Hemingway led a difficult life full of martial affairs and misfortune. Some of these experiences have set the foundation for Hemingway's greatest works. This essay will analyze the influence that Hemingway's separation from Pauline and divorce from Hadley had on "Hills like White Elephants."
Earnest Hemingway’s work gives a glimpse of how people deal with their problems in society. He conveys his own characteristics through his simple and “iceberg” writing style, his male characters’ constant urge to prove their masculinity.
In the short story “Hills Like White Elephants” by Ernest Hemingway, the author employs the use of the iceberg theory to convey a hidden message within the lines of the story for the reader. Through the use of strictly dialogue, Hemingway allows the reader to only see the part of the iceberg that is above water. The rest of the story is inferred by the reader. For example, Hemingway uses simple sentences rather than complex sentences to get straight to the point. All of Hemingway’s use of detail and explanations of scenery or background is made simple.
Evidence of professionalism on the part of the two killers, Al and Max, is that they both wear a uniform? They wear overcoats. that are too tight for them, gloves to prevent finger prints, and Derby hats. This might be for intimidation, to suggest they are. gangsters or something similar, or it could be that they are not so.
In the short story by Ernest Hemingway, "Hills Like White Elephants," a couple is delayed at a train station en route to Madrid and is observed in conflict over the girl's impending abortion. In his writing, Hemingway does not offer any commentary through a specific character's point of view, nor, in the storytelling, does he offer his explicit opinions on how to feel or think about the issues that emerge. The narrative seems to be purely objective, somewhat like a newspaper or journal article, and in true Hemingway form the story ends abruptly, without the couple's conflict clearly being resolved. The ambiguity of the ending has been a subject of much debate; however, the impact of what is not said in words can be gleaned through the symbolism of their surroundings. Upon examination of the setting, the couple's final choice becomes instantly apparent.