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The spread of Christianity in Roman
Early christian art subject matter
The spread of Christianity in Roman
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An Adaptable Development of Ecclesiastical Art
Although Christian art is now seen as a major part of the Christian religion, during the first three centuries of the church there was no Christian art and the church generally resisted it. Clement of Alexandria criticized religious art by calling it pagan. In his view, it encouraged people to worship that which had been created rather than the Creator (3, 79). But by mid-3rd century pictorial art began to be used and accepted in the Christian church but not without fervent opposition in some congregations. Warnings against this development were voiced by such leading theologians as Eusebius, who being the most diligent glorifier of Constantine, characterized the use of images of the Apostles Paul and Peter as well as of Christ himself as a pagan custom (1,1).
One reason that some Christians balked at the idea of icons was because of the emperor's cult. It was through anti-Christian legislation that Christians were compelled to venerate the imperial images by offering sacrifices to them. The refusal to make the sacrifice was the chief cause of martyrdom at the time. Thus, after the church was recognized as the Roman imperial church, its reaction was expressed in the riotous destruction of the pagan divine images.
Although it is some Protestants belief that the development of ecclesiastical art was a part of the entire process of the church's inner decay and corruption, the church developed a form of art particular to its needs. But Christian art developed at a slower rate. This was due partially to its origins in Judaism. In addition to a faith in God the Father, Creator of Heaven and Earth, and faith in the uniqueness and holiness of God, Christianity also ...
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...t in the west adjusts itself at any given time to the total disposition of the church and also to the specific needs. Art in the west has also been shaped by the imaginative fantasy of the individual artist, therefore, the church of the west is much more individualized thereby allowing for an adaptable development of ecclesiastical art.
Bibliography:
Works Cited
1. Christianity: Art and Iconography. Britannica Online. 2 December, 1996.
2. Medieval Sourcebook: John of Damascus: In defense of Icons, c. 730. Internet. 27 November, 1996.
3. Newton, Eric, and William Neil. 2000 Years of Christian Art. Harper and Row:
New York, 1966.
4. The New Scofield Study Bible. New International Version. Oxford University Press:
New York, 1967.
5. Van Der Meer, F. Early Christian Art. The University of Chicago Press:
Chicago, 1959.
After the Edict of Milan was established, towns went under a slow transformation. Although it continued to focus of urban life, many temples were slowly replaced by Christian buildings. The Emperor highly encouraged Christian art and architecture. Theodosius I, the last Roman Emperor, acknowledged Christianity as the state religion in 380. Art was no longer created secretly underground or hidden inside of churches; it could be displayed openly in front of the public. For the first time, several basilicas were built openly for Christian worship and inside those basilicas, paintings and mosaics of biblical stories were created to be viewed publicly. The Edict of Milan made the Roman Empire become a huge contributor to Christian art and architecture and it created an tremendous revolution in history.
...hard times of both time periods neither tended to lose their light in standing in what they believed in spiritually and physically. The expression and love for art seemed to grow more and more as the years went on. Although Pagan and Christianity practices had their fair share of difference they were similar in some ways. Both religious theologies believed in standing your ground, protecting what is yours, and helping thy neighbor. In contrast, Pagans believed in a more hostile aspect of protecting what was theirs, while Christians liked to take a more compromisable approach. As Leonardo Da Vinci once said, “Where if the spirit does not work with the hand, there is no art.” The wonderment of the human form, the confidence within oneself, and the different views of religious preference made the Greek/Roman vs. the Renaissance time periods differential but similar.
Religious strife dominated the 16th and 17th centuries. Religion was the number one subject of discord. There were numerous civil wars and conflicts between the Catholics and the Huguenots (French Protestants). This political and religious struggle spilled over into the world of art (Cothren & Stokstad, 2011, p.679). Artists needed to work within the specific guidelines of the Church, an example being the color of the Virgin Mary’s clothing. In the three paintings showcased, religion changed the perception of the artist.
This piece communicates what was valued most at this point in time. Christianity was at the center of life in fourteenth century Europe. So much so that these artist were commissioned to create these highly valued religious pieces most for private purposes ,so the people could have a relic or icon to worship in their homes. Specific artistic conventions had o be followed when creating these pieces. The monarchies ruled through the church. There was huge emphasis on the man and afterlife, To ensure eternal salvation man devoted their lives to spreading and commemorating the word of Christ.
Van Eyck’s work of the Ghent Altarpiece was not simply a representation of symbols that alluded to Christianity. Van Eyck’s vivid sense of the actual world allowed him to be able to reconstruct reality along with its endless limitations. His audience was so extensively involved with his paintings that it may seem almost esoteric. T...
The Ghent Altarpiece painted in completeness by Jan and Hubert van Eyck in 1432. This altarpiece is filled with symbolism. One of the most important pieces of the altar is the Deity Enthroned, which represents the Lord in Christianity. The painting covered with symbols and words. The artists portrays many signs with different meanings from the deity’s clothes to the background.
When I think of art being associated with religion, the first thing that comes to mind is symbolism. Symbols are a very important thing in different religions. For example, in Hinduism and Buddhism, mandalas are used as a meditation tool and they symbolize the cosmos. These beautiful creations are symmetric arrangements of circles or concentric shapes. They are often seen as carpet designs, mosaics, and henna tattoos. People have started to realize their beauty more and more recently, but many don’t know that they stem from a religious belief. Another example is within Christianity. Christians use the symbol of the cross extensively in art. There have been many sculptures of crosses or Jesus on the cross made by artists since the beginning of Christianity. Even some Christian churches are in the shape of crosses to reiterate this symbolism. An example of a church like this is the infamous Westminster Abbey. Another way to describe this symbolism is iconography. Iconography in art is basically the repetition of certain images or ideas that are identified with something significant. These icons help someone to identify what the work is associated with. An example of this in Buddhist art is the depiction of buddhas or bodhisattvas. A buddha is a being who has reached enlightenment and a bodhisattva is a being who has reached enlightenment but chooses to stay in ...
The Christian Church was absolutely instrumental in the art of the Renaissance. It was the driving force behind every inspiration; without the Church, there would have been no art. The Church was the only institution powerful enough to be able to support the commissions of all of the artwork, and it was the only institution, in which people had enough faith and devotion to spend so much of their time and money creating pieces that—although beautiful—were not necessities. The role of religion in art actually began during the Byzantine era. During this time, all artwork was religious in nature, and most of it was done in a consistently similar style so that figures from the Bible could be easily recognized by everyone and so that people had a consistent view of religious matters. Art during this time was largely iconic, meant to inspire the awe of God in the viewer. Along with various versions of the crucifix, one of the most popular images of the Byzantine style was The Pantokrator, an image of Jesus Christ as shown from above. An example of one of these pieces was done in the twelfth century in the abbey church of Monreale in the city of Palermo. Jesus is a monumental figure that takes up much of the space across the apse of the Church. One of his hands forms a mudra as the other holds the scripture. His fully frontal and direct stance along with the glimmering gold background serves to strike awe and fear into the viewer. Clearly this piece was done with the intent to impress the value and mightiness of religion first and attention to the detail and technique of the art second.
We do tend to expect certain things when we enter a place of worship, or peruse an active ministry, and truthfully, when taking in Christian oriented art. There are a couple reoccurring emblems, symbols, well-worn themes, and subjects which have been deemed safe, coming under overuse, carrying the weight of a saltine in the impact it makes on people, including us. While intentions are almost always well meaning, these conventions appear to the secular as a genre of its own in culture and art, quite often ringing with an unsavory note of incompetence. That’s already an unpleasant attribution to a faith that has changed the world, having built the infrastructure of empathy that has survived ages and permeates the social development of our western culture. It speaks to a deeper issue within the Church itself, which is a woeful lack of inspiration.
...ll as the Early Christians had many things in common but for sure we know the impressions of classical Roman features in early Christian art. Indeed, one can see how Roman Art and Greek Art have influenced naturalism on sculptures from Early Christian Art. We also see similar compositions and influences on the tombs and churches, the ideal design and styles were directly adopted from the Roman Art style.
...ic one was viewed as a crossroads, the art of late antiquity is no less Roman. As our text states, “The Jewish and Christian sculptures, paintings and buildings, are Roman in style and technique, but they differ in subject and function from a contemporaneous Roman secular and religious art and architecture” (Kleiner Fred S, pg 209). The use of images from Classical Rome will be a continuing issue in the history of Christianity.
The Medieval time period was an important era for the growth of culture throughout the entire world. We owe many innovations used in design, architecture and overall style to the works of the many artists that flourished in the middle ages. Each of the four periods of development were unique to one another, yet followed an overlying religious theme that defined the medieval times. The advancements made during that time were able to influence to the 800 years of art that lead up to present day, and still remain visually and architecturally beautiful.
It was humanism. From patriarch's original concept, his ideas grew into new mindsets of studying humans and humankind. After these ideals were taken place, artists started to display it in their painting. For example, Michelangelo created David (1501-1504) out of marble. Usually people would make sculptures for God and religion, but Michelangelo did not. He was showing the beauty of humans and that humans had power and were beautiful. Another example was Raphael’s painting, School of Athens (1509-1511). This painting showed balance, harmony, and order that represented the principles of the Classical Period. It also focused on the Greco-Romans. This piece of art represented famous ancient philosophers like Aristotle, and Plato, and many others. This painting showed great humanism and it caused a pope to have it in his private library even though he was religious and was about God and it showed that the churches began to weaken while the mindset of humans became
The introduction of Christianity as a major religion followed the pattern of other ancient religions. Many of the great works of art were done for religious purposes. Some of the most famous artworks in history are religious. Just a few that come immediately to mind are The Last Supper, the ceiling of the Cysteine Chapel, and the Statue of David. Even during the period known as the Dark Ages art was inspired by religion. True, the art was generally dark and full of death and demons, but the art was based upon religious themes, mostly from the book of Revelations. As with the art that preceded it, the religious art of Christianity is full of symbolism. For example, a painting where the man is standing with two fingers upraised on his right hand is generally a religious leader such as a pope or Jesu...
Another interesting thing that caught my attention was the Catholic’s use of sculptures, carvings, and and a giant overhanging statue of Jesus in the front of the whole church. In many religions, people actually worship statues and idols and there are people who think that Catholics do this as well. These people do not understand because Catholics only worship one God.