Ames Research Center: The Pioneer Jupiter Project (NASA)

"One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind," said by Neil Armstrong as he took his first steps on the moon during the NASA Apollo 11 expedition to the moon. No man has ever been to the moon before and NASA, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, was the first to get someone to land on the moon. NASA has had many great accomplishments in exploring the "new frontier" that have affected the United States ever since it was first created in July 1958. The idea for NASA first started when the Soviet Union launched the first satellite on October 4, 1957. United States started up its own space travel program and started to work on its own projects that would be better in than the Soviet Union's. This all started the great space race. It was a big race between the Soviet Union and the United States to see who could learn and discover the most. The United States and Soviet Union started building and sending satellites and space ships. Then they tried to see who could make a suit and ship that would be able to allow a living thing to go up in space. They tested out all of the equipment with monkeys and dogs, seeing what would work. Many animals did die in the process but by the results of their testing they were able to build suits and ships that allow human beings to go up in space. Even though they were able to create these machines, that doesn't mean that they didn't have their difficulties and dangers. Two space shuttles were crashed or blown up. There were many key factors that they had learned to fix that resulted in the crashing of those ships. They have made many discoveries and accomplishments like having the first astronauts walk on the moon.

The success of Apollo 11 which included the historic presence of the first humans on the moon signified the greatest extent of human intellectual advancement. Apollo 11 was part of a larger project known as the Apollo Program, comprised of a large number of unmanned test missions and 11 manned missions. The Apollo Program was intended to land humans on the moon and safely return them back to Earth. Of the 15 missions executed, six resulted in success to date. The concept of space expedition was initially sparked by the Russian launch of satellite Sputnik during the Cold War. The launch induced the creation of NASA’s first human spaceflight program called Project Mercury. A portion of the United States saw the launch as beneficial, as it established the need for the country’s advance, whereas others were concerned about what the Soviet Union will make out of this achievement. The first successful manned space expedition executed was Apollo 7, which had a tremendous influence in the outcome of the subsequent missions. Various other missions were performed before the launch of Apollo 11, some of which were unsuccessful such as Apollo 1, whereas others, like Apollo 7, had prospered in assisting in the success of Apollo 11. During the momentous mission, the participants, Neil A. Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Edwin E. Aldrin, fulfilled their roles effectively. With the actions of those that participated in the mission, the United States was able to leave a physical mark on the uncharted territory thought to have been far beyond human reach.

Space exploration has changed and developed since the first man was sent into space. Advanced rockets, new computer technology, and remote controlled robots are only a few of the things that made space travel possible. Even though this technology was efficient, it was not cheap. When a rocket was sent into space, only the capsule holding the astronauts returned to space. This expensive way of space travel was forever changed with the creation of the space shuttle. The Columbia space shuttle was important to space exploration because it used new technology that changed space travel, completed missions that other spacecraft could not, and brought new people into space.

The Mariner 10 mission was the spacecraft that has been credited with finding out more about Venus and Mercury. Being a mission of many firsts, this mission left a mark on science history. Many experiments were performed and tested, setting a foundation for future missions. The events that took place in this mission helped NASA and other scientists who study space learn more about our neighboring planets. Mariner 10 was the foundation for other Mercury missions and definitely contributed greatly towards science

Who can listen to the words "One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind" and not bring to mind the images of the lunar mission of Apollo 11. We have been inventing and exploring things since centuries. Many of these things that we discovered or invented, were never thought would be possible in earth's life time. But they exist today, and they are used by almost every human being and there are many more incredible and improbable things to come and aid us in our daily life. One of the most interesting things to me would fall under exploration and inventing. We are about to venture into the history of space and learn how man and his inventions have gotten there.

The next mission was titled Galileo Millennium Mission which lasted till 2001. Europa and Io are the two main focuses of this mission but there were also studies done on the effect Jupiter’s radiation was having on the spacecraft.

The Space Race included many great accomplishments and discoveries that would not have happened if it were not for the race. The U.S successfully launched explorer 1 on January 31, 1958 (Dawn of the Space Age). "Soviets Luna 2 reached the moon's surface, and on October 4, Luna 3 had a flyby and photographed most of the moons far side" (Space Race timeline). This shows that the

It was technology at the finest and left room for improvement as errors were corrected. The Apollo missions taught us much about the unknown and answered, curious questions we had. We benefited much for history and

The Ulysses spacecraft was first and only spacecraft designed and lunched to study the Sun from outside the lower solar latitudes. All other space craft that studied the Sun stayed along the same elliptical plane that the Earth is on. The spacecraft was part of a joint venture between NASA and the ESA. Originally planed as a two spacecraft mission called the International Solar Polar Mission, it was scaled down to one probe due to NASA cutbacks in funding. This resulted in the ESA designing the spacecraft and NASA lunching it from Space Shuttle Discovery in 1990.

Congress should cut off funding to the Orion project because it is vastly more expensive than they imagined. According to astronautical budgeting expert, Jeff Foust, in his article “Audit Finds Cost and Schedule Problems With SLS/Orion Ground Software,” the Orion project is at least 75% over budget and more than a year over budget. Jeff Foust found this information through an audit, which is very concerning for Congress, because they are not getting the whole picture. It is very important that the people giving money to a project be given accurate and honest numbers on their spending. Furthermore, as stated by the senior space editor at Arstechnica.com, Eric Berger’s article titled “A New, Independent Review of the Orion Spacecraft is Pretty

In chapter 18, we learned how to make reports. The NASA report that was provided is a great example of how to create an effective and persuasive recommendation report.

There are many planets that are not suitable for human inhabitants take Jupiter for example, it has the great red spot, the great red spot is a hurricane that two or three earths could fit in. Not to mention Jupiter is a gas planet, so it would be hard to build a civilization on it. There was a galaxy system Trappist-1 with multiple earth sized planets but guess what, we can’t live there because the farthest planet is 94% closer than earth is so that means there is a lot of radiation, x-ray that means there would be little or no atmosphere plus like a lot of other earth like planets it is tidally locked meaning one side would always be facing the sun while the other would always be facing away.

Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were both spacecrafts that were launched to Jupiter. Voyager 2 was launched on August 20, 1977, and Voyager 1 was launched 2 weeks later on September 5, 1977.