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Community policing in modern society
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History of Policing in the US: Night Watches and Slave Patrols Response
Jennifer L. Mandato
St. Francis University
Protect and Serve,those are the words that should most commonly appear when speaking of the police force within our country, but since its introduction into our society policing has yet to entirely fulfill those duties.Minorities have been a target of unfair treatment and brutality,as many Slave Patrolling citizens became those who would enforce the law of the land. Instead of policing being a direct response to crime, it originally became a response to urbanization and to ensure an orderly workforce as well as to control those who were deemed to be inferior. The isolation of dangerous classes has been
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By increasing police presence in certain low income areas could be hurting individuals rather than helping them. Instead of focusing on “bad” individuals police should be interacting positively within the community that produces these "bad" individuals. If the only time the police interact with individuals is to stop and frisk them or question them, of course they won’t be very fond of the police. A majority of police officers have a different socio-economic background than minorities living within low income and high crime areas. Community policing would cause the police to become more relatable to the public(Dr. Gary Potter, The History of Policing in the United States,Pg 10)Minorities may not feel as discriminated against if police improved relations and talked to them as human beings on their level, rather than criminals or …show more content…
Gary Potter, The History of Policing in the United States,Pg 4). By controlling the police, politicians were able to maintain votes as well as enforce their policies. By doing this police were not truly helping citizens, they were helping corrupt politicians gain “support”(Dr. Gary Potter, The History of Policing in the United States,Pg 4) . Police would calm workforce riots(which were primarily contrived of minorities, mainly Blacks). (Victor Keppler,P.h.D, A Brief History, of Policing and Slavery in America,Pg 1) by brutally beating and arresting individuals. A minority or low income citizen exercising their free speech was too much for the upper class to handle alone. Ironically enough, this was the majority opinion being suppressed by the upper class minority. Even today police are implemented to solve civil unrest. Instead of getting to the root cause of the problem, law enforcement's primary reaction would tend to be violence or new restrictive policies first rather than actively becoming involved within a troubled community. Today politicians are
The English Police experience influenced American policing through their practice of keeping city streets clean as well as establishing the good order and discipline of its residents. One the main ways they were able to accomplish this was through deterrence which is still used to this day. The mere presence of a police officer or officers would deter residents from getting out of line and prevent them from doing "unseemly behavior" in public places. The establishment of the police meant an active group patrolling the streets on the lookout for breaches of the moral code as well as common-law crimes, thus extending the authority of the state into the daily lives of the
Policing is a very difficult job to do because it can be very misunderstood. The power given to them may make people of minority feel like they are up against the wall and are at a disadvantage because of how they look. But it is still 100% unclear whether racial profiling is a racial bias or the police forces institution policy. Yet multiple of Officers, even those of color unfortunately rely upon this to help them in the duties.
The main purpose of the police is to protection, and force should only be use to promote the safety of the community. The police have been charged with the one of the greatest responsibility in the world, and that is with safeguarding the domestic well being of the public. My father was a New York police officer for 20 years, and I know firsthand that this job is not an easy one. The polic...
Police reform should start by giving proper training to the new recruits and veterans in the force. During their training, “Law enforcement agencies should adopt and enforce policies prohibiting discrimination based on race, ethnicity immigration status, etc.” (Cops, p.90). It is apparent
For example, as the civil rights movement gained ground during the 1960s, police throughout the country began to target law enforcement efforts at inner-city blacks. By 1967, the practice of stopping and frisking blacks “had become such a pervasive experience” that the President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice publicly warned about the consequences of these “aggressive” patrol tactics. Hostility between the police and black residents soon escalated and was “the precipitating factor” in several major urban riots.
They have been trained to respond to all sorts of problems and act accordingly, the cops are responding in the way that they were trained to. Cops are trained to act rationally and not in the moment, they should act by reflex from all the training that they want through. Although, it is statistically impossible to have every single law enforcement agency to employ a police force that is 100% capable and 0% corrupt, therefore bad cops must exist. Unfortunately, those bad cops have chosen the worst time to make a bad decision and instead of trying to calm a situation down they escalate it. This takes the encounter to a whole new level, possibly statewide or national. Once that happens it’s hard to take it back, the damage has already been done. During this movement, many lives have been lost and some of those have been men or women in blue. The only thing that makes the police really mad is the death of a fellow police member. This causes a downward spiral of violence because then it seems to the black
The police are amongst the powerful agents of the state. They can disrupt the daily routines of citizens more than any other public official by deciding who shall be stopped, who shall be detained, who shall be arrested, and who shall go free. Cao (2015) stated, “Confidence in the police is the preferred choice when we survey the citizenry about the level of support for the police and when the police is evaluated as a political institution” (para. 1). Not even the president of the United States has their immediate and direct power over life and death. Yet despite their awesome capacities, until recently they have been studied little by social scientists or philosophers.
American policing originated from early English law and is profoundly influenced by its history. Early law enforcement in England took on two forms of policing, one of which heavily influenced modern policing and it is known as the watch (Potter, 2013). The watch consisted, at first, of volunteers which had to patrol the streets for any kind of disorder including crime and fire. After men attempted to get out of volunteering by paying others, it became a paid professional position (Walker & Katz, 2012). The three eras of policing in America are shaped by these early ideas and practices of law enforcement. Throughout time, sufficient improvements and advancements have been made from the political era to the professional era and finally the community era which attempts to eliminate corruption, hire qualified officers and create an overall effective law enforcement system.
A police officer is a law enforcement official whose job is to protect and serve all people, not to ignore racial equality. Because the U.S consists of many different races and ethnic groups, the ongoing conflict between police officers and citizens of color is constantly rising. Although police officers today are no longer allowed to have racial bias, which can be described as, attitudes or stereotype used against individuals of color to define their actions and decisions, officers sometimes abuse their authority going around racial impact tools and policies. This results in citizens viewing it as discrimination and mass criminalization. By changing the way laws and regulations unfairly impact Black and Brown communities can improve the justice
Reiss, A, Jr. (1984). Consequences of Compliance and Deterrence Models of Law Enforcement for the Exercise of Police Discretion. Law and Contemporary Problems, 47(4), 83-122.
When it comes to the political era, all policing resources had all been derived from the same source, the politicians that were in office at the time. During this era, all police had to function on foot patrol in
Also protect us from harm and that includes violence from the police. There are different cases of police brutality where some are racially motivated even if they do not admit to it; and there are also cases where the officer goes into a situation with little to no information and so they are on edge. Police officers have very stressful jobs so it is understandable if they just could not handle the situation they are put in and used an unorthodox method. Many men and women who join the force are supposed to be trained to de-escalate the situation and reassure people of their safety, so what happens when the opposite happens?
This mainly focuses on the behavior of police themselves towards society. Police legitimacy is a major key to democratic policing, it impacts citizen’s willingness to defer to police authority and obey the laws. Although our main topic is democratic policing, we can’t forget the corrections and courts. They all work together to keep the peace. Although law enforcement can be traced back to the earliest of 1600 BCE of Ancient Egypt, it is evident how much has changed for the good. All the mistakes that have been made in the past have helped guide society today. One must think about what law enforcement and policing used to be and recognize the improvements made with time. Since we now know about democratic policing; it’s interesting to see how police officers engage within the agency. According to Dr. Gardiner’s lecture, “officers should behave in a manner that is unbiased, fair, and respectful toward everyone they
To conclude, Community policing represents a major development in the history of American law enforcement, but the extent to which this approach is a success and dominates contemporary policing remains a source of debate. In my point of view, community policing is good for communities. It has challenged the traditional concept of the police as crime-fighters by drawing attention to the complexities of the police role and function. In addition to the police officer hard work; citizens can also make a difference and contribute to make neighborhoods a better place to live. For instance, citizens can hold community meetings to talk about concerns and agree on solutions help organize healthy activities for children in your neighborhood, join or starting a neighborhood crime watch program, and talk to your community police officers and share information and concerns.
Early policing used to be a “...private matter. Citizens were responsible for protecting themselves and maintaining an orderly society. However, in Rome in the 5th century B.C.E the first specialized investigative unit was formed known as the questors. According to the textbook, questors means “trackers of murder,” but in another article I found that the word is quaestor and means “the man who asks questions.” They actually started with two men who served as accountants and then led into a group “who served under the Roman kings. Their task was to investigate murder cases - they were police inspectors.”