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Thomson defense of abortion critique
Essay on thomson defense of abortion
Thomson defense of abortion critique
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1. What key premise of the pro-life argument does Thomson criticize as false? Explain her argument. In Thomson’s pro-life argument, the key premise she describes as false is “that the fetus is a human being, a person, from the moment of conception” (47). In the eyes of Thomson, abortion is morally impermissible. She does explain how most agree that the fetus is a human well before birth with evidence supporting on how by the tenth weeks of development, it already has a face, arms, legs, fingers, toes and even internal organs along with brain activity being detectable. Though she states this, the sees the premise as false and this is not the point of her argument. She is not “arguing for the right to secure the death of the unborn child” (66), but for the right of the woman’s choice to control her body. She sways her argument in using real life …show more content…
Identify and contrast the relevant freedoms central to the dispute between Altman and Brison. Both Altman and Brison write their opposing sides of pornography. Pornography is defined as “the graphic sexually explicit subordination of women through pictures or words that also includes women dehumanized as sexual objects, things, or commodities; enjoying pain or humiliation or rape; being tied up … injury, torture, shown as filthy or inferior; bleeding, bruised, or hurt in a context that makes these conditions sexual” (Brison, 378-379). Altman would argue that one’s sexual autonomy entails a moral right to porn, even depictions of sexual violence and that is the price we pay for sexual autonomy. According to Altman, sexual autonomy is that “individuals ought to have a broad liberty to define and enact their own sexuality” (387). He uses sexual autonomy to defend his case saying that person are “agents who have the broad right to decide for themselves on how to live their lives” (388). This right overrides the degrading and violent part of porn because adults need this as part of their sexual
According to Judith Jarvis Thomson a female philosopher, from the article Defense of Abortion in Philosophy & Public Affairs, Vol. 1, no. 1 (Fall 1971). “Suppose a woman has become pregnant, and now learns that she has a cardiac condition such that she will die if she carries the baby to term. What may be done for her? The fetus, being to life, but as the mother is a person too, so has she a right to life.” Judith Thomson has a point. Individual tends to forget the mother through the process of being pregnant. If the woman has complications with her pregnancy to the point where her life is at risk, the best thing for her to do is get rid of the unborn child without second thoughts. If a situation arises as such, the women has the right to terminate the pregnancy because in a situation as such her life comes first. Judith also proposed an experiment. Thomson argues that the women have the moral right to seek and obtain an abortion. Thomson argues that women has to control her own body and if she did not give the fetus the right to use her body, then abortion would not be unjust killing. Thomson feels that the right to life does not guarantee that one will be given the permission of the use of the mother’s body. To support her points, thomson had a violinist analogy. This involves you waking up one day and a famous violinist is connected to your body which is a machine for his survival. Of course,
Thomson’s main idea is to show why Pro-Life Activists are wrong in their beliefs. She also wants to show that even if the fetus inside a women’s body had the right to life (as argued by Pro – Lifers), this right does not entail the fetus to have whatever it needs to survive – including usage of the woman’s body to stay alive.
Thomson sets out to show that the foetus does not have a right to the mother’s body and that it would be not unjust to perform an abortion when the mother’s life is not threatened.
The idea of whether abortion should be illegal or allowed is a controversial one since everyone seems to have different ideologies. Judith Thomson, who is in support of pro-choice argues in her article “A Defense of Abortion” main idea towards abortion is stating women should have the right to choose because they have the moral right to decide whether they have to hold life in their body. This idea is presented from her first analogy using the violinist who has a failing kidney and will perish if he does not have someone give him blood immediately. They take you without your permission and plug you into him. She connects this to the idea of the fetus by saying everyone has the right to life and if the fetus is considered a person then it would be wrong to kill an innocent human being, but then says that if the child is harming you then you should not wait until you are dead, he body is the home of the women so she should be allowed to defend herself against
Overall Thomson’s violinist analogy supports a woman’s moral right to abortion, but if you dig deeper, the two do not have much in common and are not really relatable. I think the argument is defective and actually proves that a woman does not have the right to kill her fetus by abortion because the fetus did not choose to be conceived and is considered a human being, therefore the fetus has rights just as any other human being does.
To sufficiently take a side in the ever-growing debate of pornography, one must first define the concept around which this discourse surrounds itself. A working definition for pornography is a piece of material that has the object purpose of arousing erotic feelings. Radical feminists, however, strictly define it as “the act of sexual subordination of women” (Dworkin 1986).
In “A Defense of Abortion” Judith Thomson does a good job of poking holes in the extreme conservative argument, she is a moderate liberal. Even though she is defending abortion she states there are still times when it is impermissible. . Her first analogy she compares a growing fetus to a famous violinist who has unknowingly been attached to a person’s circulatory system. Is the person morally responsible to remained attached to the violinist? Thomson says no, because the person was kidnapped and they didn’t volunteer for the violinist to be attached. Thomson states “it would be very nice of you if you did, a great kindness”. I agree with Thompson here no one should be forced to have a stranger plugged into them unknowingly for nine months. A growing fetus inside a woman is hardly a stranger to her it is her own flesh and blood. Secondly, a fetus is not unknowingly plugged into a woman Except for in the cases of rape no one was kidnapped or forced to have sex. When people have sex there is always a risk that the woman might get pregnant. I agree a woman has a right to her body but, I disagree with Thompson’s analogy of a violinist to a fetus.
[2] See Sara Diamond's paper in Women Against Censorship, she is talking about symbols and camera work in pornography and then somehow begins generalizing all pornography as violent.
Thomson starts off her paper by explaining the general premises that a fetus is a person at conception and all persons have the right to life. One of the main premises that Thomson focuses on is the idea that a fetus’ right to life is greater than the mother’s use of her body. Although she believes these premises are arguable, she allows the premises to further her explanation of why abortion could be
In her article, “Pornography and Respect for Women,” Ann Gary examines the moral status of pornography and its direct or indirect implication on the respect paid to women. To start, Gary presents two passages quoted from Susan Brownmiller and the Presidential Commission on Obscenity and Pornography respectively. The two passages are used to convey contradicting attitudes towards pornography, in which Brownmiller views the obscenity as a model of sexual callousness and the Presidential Commission views it as an outlet. In response, Gary considers both opinions and, in spite of whether one is correct or incorrect, suggests that pornography is a moral degradation of women as sexual objects. In respect to the argument posed by Brownmiller, which is considered as a common understanding of pornography, Gary counters the opinion and goes on to pose three questions she wishes to address in the article, which are: Does pornography degrade human beings (as a whole)? Does it degrade in ways or to an extent that it does not degrade men? Does pornography have to degrade women or is there a genuinely harmless and non-sexist version of pornography (Gary 396)? Gary reasons that despite the presence of the degradation of women in modern pornography, an alternate perception of sex and sex roles would enable the conception of non-degrading and non-sexist pornography.
The discussion of pornography and whether is should be legalized or banned in the United States has been a hotly debated for many years. There are those citizens who believe they are entitled to certain freedoms as citizens of the United States. These rights would include the right to choose to participate in the pornography industry. They believe those who produce, distribute, and the purchase pornography should be protected under the rights secured by the Constitution of the United States. In contrast, there are members of the American society who take a very different view in regard to the pornography industry. Their arguments center around the whether the industry promotes the unethical treatment of humans as well as questioning the links
The author Don Marquis wants to prove that abortion is immoral without taking into consideration extreme cases, while Thomson says that abortion is justified in some cases. Clearly killing is so wrong but Marquis argument avoids the ambiguity of why abortion happened. I strongly believe that it is not fair to compare a fetus’ life with an adult. Marquis 's ethical approach is general, because he says that abortion is ethically similar to committing a crime by killing somebody. While Thompson supports her arguments by saying that abortion is justified in cases such as rape and when the mother 's life, which is the most important here, is in danger. I agree that everyone has the right to life and it is immoral and so unethical to deprive that right from anyone. However, abortion is justified in some cases, which is the best possible option available for the mother. I strongly believe that ethics and religion plays a vital role in making such a decision because abortion is forbidding in some religions such as Islam, abortion is not acceptable after eight weeks of pregnancy. Another possible reason why abortion can’t be performed is because of the law of some countries such as Egypt that reject abortion and consider it as a crime that a mother might face some time in prison. So there are a lot more into this argument that needs more
Pornography is a controversial subject all around the world. Part of its appeal is its taboo nature. It has been argued that pornography is harmful. Porn is an underground market that is more or less legal but is it harmful? An article written by Diana E.H. Russell in “Dangerous Relationships: Pornography, Misogyny, and Rape” argues that it is. Diana E.H. Russell is a sociology professor. She has researched the issue and argues that pornography is profoundly harmful. Professor Russell believes that it inclines men to want to rape women and that it encourages them to act out rape fantasies. However, Michael C. Seto disputes Professor Russell's theory that pornography is harmful. Michael Seto's article, written with Alexandra Maric and Howard E. Barbaree, “The Role of Pornography in the Etiology of Sexual Aggression” contends that there is a lack of evidence in the research that would link pornography use and sexual offense. This debate has many interesting points. Let's see which researcher makes the stronger case.
Based on reading the chapter, sexuality is a very controversial subject. In reading the chapter, the Social-Conflict Theory especially stood out to me as evidence of sexuality being constructed by society. This theory "links sexuality to social inequality." This means that, in some cases, men dominate over women by making them out to be sexual objects (Feminist Theory). This shapes sexuality because some women begin to seek a level of equality, which may end up being with a female. If this is the case, society has shaped these individuals because they don't want to be looked at as sexual objects. One way that men make women sexual objects is by looking at pornography. The book hits the nail on the head when it says pornography "typically shows
However, I would assert that traditional pornography, although controversial, is protected by the first amendment because it is merely a form of entertainment that is utilized for sexual alleviation. In terms of controversial categories, such as gang rape and beastiality, I would argue that it should not be protected under the first amendment because it is repulsive. Indeed, my argument is subjective since these categories are completely out of the ordinary. I would argue on the basis of societal norms; however, in terms of a moral standpoint, I would argue that it is not immoral since the act is consensual. Fortunately, women, along with men, can independently choose a job of their likings. Aside from this, individuals may argue that porn causes people to commit sexual violence; however, this would fall under common practice of misinterpreting data. Essentially, here is insufficient evidence to showcase that erotic pornography causes sexual violence; however, it does show a positive correlation, similar to how being malnurtured can enhance the chances of committing an act of sexual violence. Erotic porn is indeed a controversial topic, which explains the difficulties of restricting