Alfarabi and Aristotle: The Four Causes and The Four Stages of The Doctrine of
The Intelligence
Alfarabi was raised as a young boy in Baghdad. His early life was spent studying the art of linguistics, philosophy, and logic. His teachers were
Syrian Christians experts in Greek philosophy. He studied Aristotle and Plato in detail, and it became evident in his later writings that they were a strong influence on him. He became quite a prolific writer, and he wrote more than 100 works, many of which have unfortunately been lost including his a lot of his commentaries on Aristotle. He was one of the earliest Islamic thinkers to transmit to the world of his time the doctrines of Plato and Aristotle. He is considered by many to be the founder of an authentic philosophy. His writings created a lot of support, debate, and controversy. He contributed materials on the proof of the existence of the First Principle, and on the theory of emanation, as well as the theory of knowledge, in addition to his commentaries on Greek philosophers.
The Greek influence is clearly present in his works, especially with his
Opinions of the Inhabitants of a Virtuous City, where he laid down a philosophical, religious, and social system for the humanity at large; a system that sought to break barriers and facilitate relations among people and nations.
This work sounded very similar to the work presented by Plato in Plato's
Republic. They both took into consideration the matter of city/state, who was to govern, who was to be governed, how this governing was to take place, how it was to be enforced, and so on. It also appears clear that he was influenced greatly by Aristotle. This influence is present in his "Doctrine of the
Intellect". The Doctrine of the intellect was Alfarabi's approach to giving his own interpretation to the intellect.
There are strong similarities between Alfarabi's Doctrine of the
Intellect and Aristotle's "Four Causes". Needless to say that they each are comprised of four stages, but the stages seem very similar, they seem to be representative of one another, almost to the point of defining one another. It will be demonstrated that Alfarabi used Aristotle's "Four Causes" to derive and support the Doctrine of the Intellect. Alfarabi draws off of Ar...
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... of Alfarabi, then it is clear that there was a strong Aristotelianism influence on Alfarabi. This is evident in several of the writings such as in his mentions of the four senses, intellect in potentiality, intellect in actuality, acquired intellect, and with the agent intellect. There are several other writings that are credited to Alfarabi that were based on Plato and Aristotle, so there is no real reason to assume that these writings were not those of
Alfarabi.
It appears that Alfarabi uses the basic principles of Aristotle and has applied them to his principles of the Doctrine of the Intellect in order to rationalize his philosophy. Alfarabi was a philosopher that grabbed new ideas and harnessed them with some of the greatest philosophical minds known to man.
He took Aristotle to a new level, doesn't any true philosopher? He embodied the thoughts of previous minds, and united them with his own and became a very powerful influence on Islamic philosophy.
It is clear that Aristotle was used to develop his Doctrine of the
Intellect. The similarities, the context, and the rational are too similar to belong to anyone else.
He has the knowledge of philosophy and psychology. He attempted to write when he was a youth, but he made a choice to pursue a literary career in 1919. After he published Cane, he became part of New York literary circles. He objected both rivalries that prevailed in the fraternity of writers and to attempts to promote him as a black writer (Claypool 3). In Washington in 1921 he took care of his grandparents and wrote full time....
enough works to publish a book but John would not allow it. Poe was also very
Aristotle, a student of Plato, is known for his contributions in many fields of philosophy, ethics being one of the most prominent. He produced the first methodical and collected ethical system to be produced by an ancient Greek philosopher, found in his book the Nicomachean Ethics. This, along with the less-read Eudemian Ethics, are his ethical accounts that we have today.
The title of this novel is Great Expectations and was written by Charles Dickens. Dickens wrote and set this novel in near the mid-1800 in London, England. Great Expectations is about a young, common boy named Pip that blossoms into a gentleman with high expectations of himself.
... the day he started writing he changed American literature and will continue to do that for future generations to come.
The three most common averages used are Mean, Median, and Mode. The manager may use all three methods in obtaining an average. He can provide a mean (average); the sum divided by the count. For example, 5+6+4= 15 / 3= 5. The average is 5.
Aristotle, the last of the great Greek philosophers. He roamed Ancient Greece from 384 BC until his death in 323 BC. In this time, he wrote an enormous amount of works, a variety of books from metaphysics to politics and to poetry. His variety is exceptionally impressive. His greatest known works are the Athenian Constitution and Nicomachean Ethics. Aristotle’s works of Ethics explore a vast area of topics. He states, “The goal of the Ethics is to determine how best to achieve happiness.” In order to achieve happiness, one must live a virtuous life, in the mind of Aristotle.
In Charles Dickens’s novel “Great Expectations”, we are introduced to Pip, a young orphan who changes from being an oblivious boy to a very ambitious, young man. What great expectations means for Pip is to become a gentleman.
In Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations, Pip, a young orphan boy, is taken from his lowly upbringing as the foster child of his abusive sister and her loveable blacksmith husband, and placed in London’s educated and sophisticated society. His unknown benefactor provides the means for his education. Pip begins his quest as an ungrateful, selfish, and self-loathing young boy, but along his journey he encounters situations and people who help him become a changed man.
Great Expectations centers around a boy Pip who changes from the lower class of society to the higher class. Pip was an orphan brought up cruelly by his sister and looked forward to one day being a blacksmith just as Joe was one. However, he was introduced to Miss Havisham and Estella and they made him reject his simple life and want more. As a child, Pip was ignorant, obedient, and fearful because of his upbringing, but due to his interactions with Miss Havisham and Estella he began to yearn for more and develop both ambition and snobbery.
most would agree that he was one of the most influential writers of his time period.
Both Miss Havisham and Magwitch are two key characters who shape Pip’s life and dreams. Pip himself is a young boy whose story reflects that of Charles Dickens, the author. When Dickens was twelve his father was imprisoned for debt, much like Magwitch- the father-figure in Pip’s life who was also a convict. Dickens was then sent to work at a boot-blacking factory where his mother forced him to work even after his father was released. Similarly, neither Mrs Joe nor Miss Havisham (the mother-figures) treated Pip well. Later, Dickens fell in love with Maria Beadnell but she rejected him- she is reflected in Estella who cruelly rejected Pip for much time. In 1875, the forty-five year old Dickens fell in love with eighteen year old Ellen Ternan though he never dared to tell the public about her. The happiness that could have been his is reflected in the comfortably married. As well as reflecting aspects of Dickens’s life, ‘Great Expectations’ also reflected the key social, historical and cultural influences of the time. These include the issue of ambition- a man could improve his station in life if he worked hard enough. This idea of a ‘self-made man’ was popular in the nineteenth century. The layers of social class also played a vital part in Victorian life and its effects and influence can clearly be seen in Pip’s life. Along with the social hierarchy came social problems- there was a special notice of the condition of the poor and the idea of social reform was becoming recognisable, Dickens appears to have been a supporter of social reform. Family and social connections including the church played a big role in people’s lives. They are all acknowledged in ‘Great Expectations.’
In Charles Dickens’ novel Great expectations, the primary character, Pip, struggles consistently within a man vs. self conflict, in his determination to become a “gentleman of great expectation.” The little orphan boy Pip, of the novel, is being brought up his hot-tempered sister, and her kind husband Joe, in the marches of Kent. The root of the conflict is Pip’s wish to become a gentleman, his obsession to succeed exceeds his good judgement. The conflict starts when Pip is taken to Miss Havisham’s house, a strange, wealthy lady, to play with her adopted daughter Estella. At Miss Havisham’s house, he becomes rapidly enamored with Estella, a beautiful young girl, who is cruel and indifferent towards Pip, she repeatedly calls him a “stupid, clumsy
Great Expectations is merely timeless. It is about all the things that life is about: how relatives can be loving, or abusive, how people can choose their own families; how a woman might be driven to destroy her child, or give her child away; how people may be corrupt, may be redeemed; how your upbringing defines your character, and how you may rise above or embrace that definition; and how, finally, love is a choice.
for learning, his reverence for books and the written word, and the way that he shared and