Affirmative action is the nation’s most ambitious attempt to redress its long history of racial and sexual discrimination, however in modern times and approximately forty years after the establishment of this policy, society is plagued with the issues of whether affirmative action is necessary, whether it is a benefit or detriment to society, and why it incites rather then eases the nation’s internal dilemmas after so many years of having been in effect. In the following paragraphs the issues surrounding this debate, such as what is the definition of affirmative action, how and why affirmative action was established to begin with, who is affected by this policy, whether affirmative action is still necessary in today’s society or if such policy should be done away with, and, finally, possible resolutions to this dilemma, will be reviewed, beginning with the explanation of how affirmative action came about.
In March l96I, less than two months after President John F. Kennedy took office, he issued an Executive Order (10925), which established the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity. Its mission was to end discrimination in employment by the government and its contractors. The order required every federal contract to include the pledge that "The Contractor will not discriminate against any employee or applicant for employment because of race, creed, color, or national origin. The Contractor will take affirmative action, to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin." (QUOTE) Here for the first time the government called for "affirmative action." Soon, thereafter the Civil Rights Act of 1964 restated and broadened the application of this principle with the Title VI, which declared that "No person in the United States shall, on the ground Or race, color or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance." But within one year President Lyndon B. Johnson argued that fairness required more than a commitment to impartial treatment. In his 1965 commencement address at Howard University, he said:
"You do not take a person who for years has been hobbled by chains and liberate him...
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...us attempt to redress its long history of racial and sexual discrimination, however in modern times and approximately forty years after the establishment of this policy, society is plagued with the issues of whether affirmative action is necessary, whether it is a benefit or detriment to society, and why it incites rather then eases the nation’s internal dilemmas after so many years of having been in effect. In the following paragraphs the issues surrounding this debate, such as what is the definition of affirmative action, how and why affirmative action was established to begin with, who is affected by this policy, whether affirmative action is still necessary in today’s society or if such policy should be done away with, and, finally, possible resolutions to this dilemma. Affirmative Action is the bridge between changing the laws and changing the culture. The radical right wing would have us believe that women and people of color earn less because we don't work as hard or we're not as smart. That simply isn't the case. Laws have changed, but discrimination persists. Affirmative Action only opens doors, women and people of color have to walk through those doors by themselves.
3.The term Affirmative action has played a huge role in the past one hundred years of American politics. It is simply defined as an action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer. Civil Rights of American citizens have drastically changed because of Affirmative action. With almost anything in politics, there is a debate for and against Affirmative action. Supporters of this say that this helps encourage e...
Another article titled “The Painful Truth About Affirmative Action” (Source B) by Richard Sander and Stuart Taylor Jr. takes a similar stance, but walks the reader through an alternative route in reaching a conclusion by discussing the negative aspects of AA on minority students. A third article by the name of “Actually, we still need affirmative action for African Americans in college admissions. Here’s why” (Source C) by Valerie Strauss provides input from the other side of the spectrum by arguing that AA is still needed. While source A provides an extremely biased perspective on affirmative action and does little to persuade the audience with its weak language, source B presents a slightly stronger argument against affirmative through its descriptive language and academic tone, which appeals to the reader but fails to address the opposite side of the dispute. However, source C offers the most compelling argument through its thorough analysis of affirmative action that considers both sides of the spectrum with strong diction and formal tone to effectively convey its ideas to the
"I am not a tool for their use. I am not a servant of their needs. I am not a bandage of their wounds. I am not a sacrifice on the altar. I am man."
After long years of suffering, degradation, and different sorts of discrimination which the disadvantaged group of people had experienced, the “Affirmative Action Law” was finally passed and enforced for the very first time on September 24, 1965. The central purpose of the Affirmative Action Law is to combat racial inequality and to give equal civil rights for each citizen of the United States, most especially for the minorities. However, what does true equality mean? Is opportunity for everyone? In an article entitled, “None of this is fair”, the author, Mr. Richard Rodriguez explains how his ethnicity did not become a hindrance but instead, the law became beneficial. However, Mr. Richard Rodriguez realized the unfairness of the “Affirmative Action” to people who are more deserving of all the opportunities that were being offered to him. Through Mr. Rodriguez’s article, it will demonstrates to the reader both favorable, and adverse reaction of the people to the Affirmative Action, that even though the program was created with the intention to provide equality for each and every citizen, not everyone will be pleased, contented, and benefit from the law.
“But what is freedom? Freedom from what? There is nothing to take a man's freedom away from him, save other men. To be free, a man must be free of his brothers. That is freedom. That and nothing else.”
Carolina told about two boys wandering the streets of the favela who were from shelters in the city. At the shelters, there were innocent children abandoned or orphaned, but also there were young criminals sentenced to stay there. Both groups were thrown together and treated as though they all had prison sentences. Carolina wrote, “I felt that in the State Shelter the children’s morals were lowered. […] What’s lacking? Concern for the unfortunate or money from the State?” (81). Whether it was babies dying in the favela, or children growing into poverty, the families of favelados were destined for misfortune. Carolina’s older children were still in school, but they contributed to the family income, as was common at the time, by going out to beg or to collect paper and scrap with her. Favelas of Brazil bred the destruction of innocence and children grew up quickly, such as when “the son of Joaquim went to school drunk” (130). Intersectionality of race and class was also pertinent. Racism and classism prevented poor, impoverished children from receiving any opportunities to improve their
majority, does not advance the cause of minorities in a meaningful way, and needs to be
Affirmative action, the act of giving preference to an individual for hiring or academic admission based on the race and/or gender of the individual has remained a controversial issue since its inception decades ago. Realizing its past mistake of discriminating against African Americans, women, and other minority groups; the state has legalized and demanded institutions to practice what many has now consider as reverse discrimination. “Victims” of reverse discrimination in college admissions have commonly complained that they were unfairly rejected admission due to their race. They claimed that because colleges wanted to promote diversity, the colleges will often prefer to accept applicants of another race who had significantly lower test scores and merit than the “victims”. In “Discrimination and Disidentification: The Fair-Start Defense of Affirmative Action”, Kenneth Himma responded to these criticisms by proposing to limit affirmative action to actions that negate unfair competitive advantages of white males established by institutions (Himma 277 L. Col.). Himma’s views were quickly challenged by his peers as Lisa Newton stated in “A Fair Defense of a False Start: A Reply to Kenneth Himma” that among other rationales, the Fair-Start Defense based on race and gender is a faulty justification for affirmative action (Newton 146 L. Col.). This paper will also argue that the Fair-Start Defense based on race and gender is a faulty justification for affirmative action because it cannot be fairly applied in the United States of America today. However, affirmative action should still be allowed and reserved for individuals whom the state unfairly discriminates today.
Freedom from what? There is nothing to take a man's freedom away from him, save other men. To be free, a man must be free of his brothers. That is freedom. That and nothing else.” He and liberty have finally escaped the community and achieved freedom. This ties in to the original quote, “To be free a man must be free of his brothers.” They have finally escaped their brothers and sisters, they are free from them, they are free to do as they please and be
Vaccinations have been very helpful for all ages of people over many centuries. Vaccinations help protect us from infectious diseases. Most people believe in medicine because it improves people’s health. The first vaccination was performed by Edward Jenner in 1796 stated in the article, “The History of Vaccines And Immunization: Familiar Patterns, New Challenges.” (Stern and Markel n. pag.) Vaccinations have improved tremendously since that time frame. Many people do not believe in vaccinations due to personal opinions like religion or the small effects. Vaccinating should be mandatory for all humans around the world due to the effects, or even death of a infectious diseases. Diseases can be very dangerous for humans to come in contact with. Vaccinations can help prevent people from getting infectious diseases, or even spreading the disease to someone else. Many people do not care about others, when not getting immunizations. People need to have a bigger perspective, when it comes down to yours and others health. Immunizations should be mandatory, no matter what people voice about them. Vaccinations may have downfalls to it like the actual feeling of the shot or side
Affirmative Action Affirmative action can be defined as action taken to compensate for past unfairness in the education of minorities. The current system of affirmative action allows universities to admit applicants from certain ethnic and minority groups with lower credentials. The main purpose of affirmative action is to produce a diverse campus population that is comparable to today's society. The use of race as a facto by which someone is admitted to college in the long run will compromise the quality of the university. Implicating affirmative action to solve the problem of diversity on today's campuses has lead to the creation of problems.
This again, reflects the fact that he is guilty for not avenging his father’s death. Like Dunstable, Hamlet lets his guilt take over his life, as he is invariably thinking about revenge. He pretends to be mad, so Claudius would not raise suspicion of him. He allows this sense of guilt and urgency to take revenge to take over his life, and be the reason for his actions. For example Hamlet befriends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and eventually causes their deaths, as he makes changes to the letter. In a series of events, Hamlet kills Polonius and feels no remorse for it. This shows how destructive and evil minded he has become. Hamlet feels no guilt for Polonius’ murder, and this is why karma hits him back. By killing Polonius, he causes Ophelia to go mad and that is eventually the reason for her demise. Hamlet returns to Denmark and discovers that Ophelia has died, and this is when the reader realizes Hamlet’s true feelings towards Ophelia. He says “I lov’d Ophelia: forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quantity of love, make up my sum…” (5.1.270-73) Hamlet feels guilty because he has not expressed his love lately for Ophelia due to his “fake madness.” He feels guilty for not loving Ophelia and realizes it is his fault that she has died. Seemingly, both Dunstable and Ramsay are very similar characters as they both do not try to cope with their guilt, but instead, they let the
Learning is always worth it. Learning never stops as one grows older, but learning in school becomes beneficial. There are numerous people who do not like to have non-meaningful conversations with others. They crave intellectual conversations. Attending a university increases the intellectual mind and the students learn to think and act more productively. In return, they come in contact with other intellectual people and they are able to share ideas and work on beneficial
It also teaches expressed clearly in oral and written form, to take decisions based on acquired knowledge and to use the technology, all skills that are useful in his career and beyond. Many teens are sometimes a bit lazy to last four years study, so also there is the option of studying only two years and to have some certificate in your area of
The first symbol that we notice in the play is the “Christmas Tree”. The Christmas tree represents happiness and unity in the family as well as the effort Nora has taken in making her home a comfortable haven to relax in. He efforts though are met with a slight disdain from her husband Torvald as he elaborates repeatedly that she is using money unwisely. “Come come we can`t afford to squander money.” An important role for Nora as a mother and a wife is to bring joy in her house when she can but due to the limitations Torvald has put on her, she finds it hard to