Aerobic Respiration Essay

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Background Information
It is a known fact that all living cells must carry out respiration to survive. There are two such forms of respiration. The first and most common form of respiration is known aerobic respiration, which is performed in the presence of oxygen. The other form of respiration is called anaerobic respiration. This particular method of respiration is far less efficient than aerobic respiration and is carried out only when the supply of O2 has depleted (or never existed initially).
Aerobic respiration utilises the resulting product of glycolysis (which is pyruvate) in the Krebs cycle, also known as citric acid cycle, to create much more energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) . The equation for aerobic respiration is as follows : glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
ATP is the high-energy molecule that stores the energy needed to perform actions. It is present in the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of every living cell, and essentially any physiological organism that requires energy to operate sources this energy directly from the stored ATP molecules . Aerobic respiration has three steps: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation. During glycolysis, glucose is broken down and converted into pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis. After which, the Krebs cycles puts the pyruvate through conversions that result in the production of coenzymes, a molecule of ATP and CO2. Finally, the coenzymes are put through the process of oxidative phosphorylation, passing them through an electron transport chain until ATP is produced . After a...

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...will be formed and at a faster rate. Similarly, increasing the concentration of enzymes allows for more enzymes to collide with substrate molecules. Both methods have limiting factors meaning once a certain concentration is reached, respectively, the enzyme or substrate molecules will become saturated and will no longer work effectively.
The final way to change the rate of enzyme action is through increasing the pH level. pH is the measure of the acidity and basicity of a solution. This scale ranges from pH1 to pH14; higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) to a lower concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-).
- Sugars/carbs used by yeast o Formulas/diagraphs of each
- Enzymes in yeast that act on above sugars and carbs
- Factors affecting enzyme action o Temp o Concentration of enzyme o pH
- Proving that anaerobic respiration has occurred – positive tests for CO2.

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