Adult Career Counseling in a New Age
argumentative Essay
2081 words
Adult Career Counseling in a New Age
The changing workplace - a by-now familiar litany of economic, demographic, organizational, and social changes - has made ambiguity the only certainty in work life. Many adults had little or no career education, guidance, or counseling when they were "in school " and often seek such help now, making job or career changes spurred by their personal stage of development or by the "postmodern" workplace. Although career development is a continuous lifelong process, "media and some scholars continue to dramatize crisis in midlife" (Lea and Leibowitz 1992, p. 8). Crises and transitions can occur at any period, however. Hoyt and Lester (1995) found that the career needs of adults aged 18-25 are particularly not being met. The issues and implications of career counseling for adults in the kaleidoscopic context of today's workplace are the focus of this Digest.
An Adult Perspective on Career Counseling
In this era of organizational restructuring and technological change, individuals can no longer plan on spending their entire working lives with one organization. Life no longer follows a linear path: schooling, work, retirement. Career paths, too, are no longer a linear rise up the ladder to the top. Some analysts proclaim the "new rules of work" : everyone is self-employed and the concept of "job " is disappearing (Hall and Mirvis 1995). Such fundamental changes mean that people need more help than ever with career issues. However, a recent survey of 1,046 adults (Hoyt and Lester 1995) showed that 40% would turn to family or friends first; 37% to counselors. Only 30% had discussed career choices with school or college counselors; only 36% had made a conscious career choice or plan; and, for 4...
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In this essay, the author
- Explains that the changing workplace has made ambiguity the only certainty in work life. many adults had little or no career education, guidance, or counseling when they were "in school," and often seek such help now.
- Explains that the job club is an effective network of information exchange and social support for others adrift in the same boat of midlife transition.
- Explains that "one-stop career centers" are being developed in 16 states with federal funding to bring together comprehensive, integrated career services, such as information on job training, education programs, and financial assistance, in accessible locations like libraries and malls.
- Explains that the changing workplace has made ambiguity the only certainty in work life. many adults had little or no career education, guidance, or counseling when they were "in school," and often seek such help now.
- Explains that the job club is an effective network of information exchange and social support for others adrift in the same boat of midlife transition.
- Explains that "one-stop career centers" are being developed in 16 states with federal funding to bring together comprehensive, integrated career services, such as information on job training, education programs, and financial assistance, in accessible locations like libraries and malls.
- Argues that the "new career contract" signals a shift from organizational to individual careers and should help adults develop internal criteria for success that enable them to achieve self-fulfillment in any domain.
- Explains that career counseling is a personal matter.
- Explains that in the era of organizational restructuring and technological change, individuals can no longer plan on spending their entire working lives with one organization.
- Opines that adult career counseling is an exploration of personal identity and meaning in this culture. women's career development remains entangled with family issues, role conflict, sex discrimination, and harassment.
- Recommends locating the individual client on a continuum of ethnocultural identity, identifying the relative importance of personal or cultural characteristics to an individual.
- Explains that counselors must ensure that career assessment instruments used with adult clients are appropriate.
- Explains fouad, spreda, and mirvis, p. h. "the new career contract."
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- Career Development and Gender, Race, and Classexplanatory essaySharf, R.S. Applying Career Development Theory to Counseling. 2d ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 1997.
In this essay, the author
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- Explains that career choice and development are influenced by multiple factors, including personality, self-concept, racial/cultural identity, socialization, financial resources, experiences of sexism, racism, and class.
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In this essay, the author
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536 wordsRead More - Career Development in Generation Xanalytical essayWyld, D. "The 13th Generation and Its Revolutionary Definition of `Career.'" Journal of Career Planning and Employment55, no. 1 (November 1994): 26-28, 58-60. (ERIC No. EJ 497 317)
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In this essay, the author
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- Explains that barbara ehrenreich seeks out a "career coach" to help her navigate the sea of job opportunities.
- Analyzes how ehrenreich attends networking events where she meets people who are in the same situation as her, seeking better employment opportunities.
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- Analyzes how ehrenreich attends a christian career event and discusses the problems with the "prosperity gospel."
- Analyzes how ehrenreich inflates her resume with bogus jobs and other materials, which gets her foot in a few more doors but never really materializes.
- Analyzes how ehrenreich gives multi-level marketing and network marketing a shot, moving into areas where she's essentially an independent salesman.
- Narrates how the woman lowers her job expectations by attending a job fair with no success, then gradually moves down the employment scale until she's looking at entry level service positions.
- Argues that people who are rewarded with success in america are those who can rely on themselves and direct themselves. coaches and such can help, but they only help mold a bit of what is already there.
538 wordsRead More - The Risk Factors of Osteoarthritisexplanatory essayOA has a complex pathology, with numerous environmental and genetic risk factors. Generally, OA is thought to be caused by a complex interaction between environmental and genetic factors (Valdes et al., 2009). A variety of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that genetic susceptibility is a key regulator of OA aetiology (Peach et al., 2005). Genetic variations may influence several OA risk factors, including obesity, skeletal shape, bone mass and synovitis (Valdes et al., 2011a). Furthermore, it has been shown that generalized OA phenotype, sensitivity to pain and disease progression may be also determined by genetic susceptibility (Valdes et al., 2010a; van Meurs et al., 2009; Kerkhof et al., 2010).
In this essay, the author
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- Explains how familial clustering of oa was first studied by stecher, who performed a study of heberden’s nodes of the fingers within affected families.
- Explains that human genetic studies focusing on the identification of important molecular pathways associated with the development of oa pathological changes may help unravel the mechanisms responsible for the appearance of joint damage and its progression.
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- Explains that la exploits the fact that genes have a tendency to be inherited together because they are located close to each other. la has been successful in localizing chromosomal regions containing highly penetrant genetic variants.
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1211 wordsRead More - According to Maree and Beck, traditional career counseling involves a heavy emphasis on psychometric tests, work sheets and computer programs were utilized to form an objective image of the individual. As a result the assessment drives a “image” that is usually matched with the character and traits suited to a logically matched specific career. If the values, interests and abilities of the individual were considered congruent with the requirements of a specific career, the assumption was made that the individual would find that career stable, productive and satisfying. The 'matching', 'objective' image was accepted as generally seen as concrete, real, and true. However, the traditional method deprives an individual of the opportunity explore their interests because the heavy testing emphasis generally created a label for a cl...
In this essay, the author
- Explains that career counseling must have a base or framework in traditional theoretical counseling. solution-focused therapy is the main mode of counseling for them.
- Explains that traditional career counseling involves a heavy emphasis on psychometric tests, work sheets, and computer programs to form an objective image of the individual.
- Opines that solution focused career counseling is geared toward a life design, focusing on the basic facets of work, leisure, friendships, and family life.
- Explains that career counseling must have a base or framework in traditional theoretical counseling. solution-focused therapy is the main mode of counseling for them.
- Explains that traditional career counseling involves a heavy emphasis on psychometric tests, work sheets, and computer programs to form an objective image of the individual.
- Opines that solution focused career counseling is geared toward a life design, focusing on the basic facets of work, leisure, friendships, and family life.
- Opines that the solution-focused model of career counseling is versatile and positive orientated framework.
694 wordsRead More - Career Assessment In Counsellingexplanatory essayYou will most likely see career assessment and counseling in a broad range of employment settings. For example, mental health agencies, Veteran Affairs hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and school and college counseling offices. The most crucial types of career counseling measurements are interest, aptitude, and values better known as “the Big Three”. “ Other measures pertinent to career counseling include measure of career choice and development, such as the Career Maturity Inventory and Career Decision Scale. The different career assessment measures have been used to (a) increase client self knowledge, (b) help clients make career choices and (c) encourage client participation in career counseling” (Hays, 2013, p.16).
In this essay, the author
- Explains assessment is the term counselors use to better understand the characteristics of people, places, and things. it can be therapeutic and help clients understand past and present attitudes and actions as well as their plans for future.
- Explains problem orientation, problem identification, decision making, and verification. the counselor and client should discuss how the client will know the problem has been solved.
- Explains the importance of career assessment and counseling in a broad range of employment settings, such as mental health agencies, veteran affairs hospitals, rehabilitation centers, school and college counseling offices.
- Explains assessment is the term counselors use to better understand the characteristics of people, places, and things. it can be therapeutic and help clients understand past and present attitudes and actions as well as their plans for future.
- Explains problem orientation, problem identification, decision making, and verification. the counselor and client should discuss how the client will know the problem has been solved.
- Explains the importance of career assessment and counseling in a broad range of employment settings, such as mental health agencies, veteran affairs hospitals, rehabilitation centers, school and college counseling offices.
- Explains that school counselors are in elementary, middle and high school settings. they use a number of tests to assess their students.
389 wordsRead More - Analyzing Career Theoriesopinion essayAnalyzing career theory is an important task, not only as an individual but also on a large scale. If everyone has the career they are best at and enjoy above all others, the world would be a much happier place. Imagine a world where each individual viewed work as not something they have to do, but as something they want to do. Productivity would increase at all levels. Charitable foundations and businesses would be abundant. Whereas this ideal may not be fathomable at this point, if each person used this information, it would be only a matter of time before we are moving in that harmonious direction.
In this essay, the author
- Opines that it is fair to analyze an individual's life and critique their choices based on their own opinions and experiences, but the reasoning behind these is what we should focus on when judging someone’s behavior or circumstances.
- Explains that holland's theory of careers states that one’s vocation is an expression of self, personality, and way of life. their career choices reflect their interests, as well as the evolution of their personality.
- Describes how ginsberg and super's theories of career development assert that there are several predictive stages of career development, based moreover on the developmental stage of life.
- Opines that it is fair to analyze an individual's life and critique their choices based on their own opinions and experiences, but the reasoning behind these is what we should focus on when judging someone’s behavior or circumstances.
- Explains that holland's theory of careers states that one’s vocation is an expression of self, personality, and way of life. their career choices reflect their interests, as well as the evolution of their personality.
- Describes how ginsberg and super's theories of career development assert that there are several predictive stages of career development, based moreover on the developmental stage of life.
- Argues that holland's theory of careers represents a societal failing. ginsberg and super’s theories of career development have one major flaw.
- Explains that it can be difficult to judge what stage/level/period a person may be in their career development, and furthermore, which theory is most appropriate to them.
- Explains that the construction of career theory requires a deep understanding of all representative theories. they break the new theory into sub-categories based on the different types of careers.
- Opines that analyzing career theory is an important task, not only as an individual but also on a large scale. if everyone has the career they are best at, the world would be happier.
958 wordsRead More - Gottfredson's Theory Of Career Counselinganalytical essayAdolescents often have their first experience with career counseling in their high school guidance counselor’s office (Scharf, 2013). Often times adolescents are bombarded their junior and senior years with career inventories like Meyers Briggs or other trait and factor assessments. These assessments provide an opportunity for students to identify different types of career clusters they are interested in in order to develop their vocational identity. The adolescents who often fall behind are the ones that have a difficult time seeing past tomorrow or next week. This may be due to stressful family situations, mental health conditions, or other psychosocial factors. In theories like Super’s Life-span Theory, he says to evaluate a student’s career
In this essay, the author
- Explains that adolescents are bombarded with career inventories like meyers briggs or other trait and factor assessments in their junior and senior years. the adolescents who fall behind are the ones who have a difficult time seeing past tomorrow or next week.
- Analyzes erikson's stages of adolescent psychosocial development in relation to super’s (1955) theory of career development.
- Explains that adolescents with troubled home life or delinquency history may inhibit their motivation to discuss or explore ideas about future careers. mental health disorders affect the functional limitations of employability and other work-related skills.
- Explains that adolescents are bombarded with career inventories like meyers briggs or other trait and factor assessments in their junior and senior years. the adolescents who fall behind are the ones who have a difficult time seeing past tomorrow or next week.
- Analyzes erikson's stages of adolescent psychosocial development in relation to super’s (1955) theory of career development.
- Explains that adolescents with troubled home life or delinquency history may inhibit their motivation to discuss or explore ideas about future careers. mental health disorders affect the functional limitations of employability and other work-related skills.
- Explains that super's late growth stage of adolescent career development is between the ages of 11-14.
- Analyzes how howard and walsh's levels of vocational reasoning were developed as extensions of super’s early substages.
- Explains how super's life-span theory measures adolescent’s interests, maturity, and development. career planning, career exploration, decision-making, world-of-work information and knowledge of the preferred occupational group are also measures.
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In this essay, the author
- Explains the encounter stage that covers the early days of a career experience.
- Explains the adjustment stage that involves the period in which individuals learn to do their job.
- Explains the stabilization stage in which job performance is the main focus.
- Explains the encounter stage that covers the early days of a career experience.
- Explains the adjustment stage that involves the period in which individuals learn to do their job.
- Explains the stabilization stage in which job performance is the main focus.
- Explains that individual careers are multifaceted and no single solution can be applied to those periods of dissatisfaction and boredom.
- Explains that moving up might mean a change to another company or changing the work emphasis.
- Opines that downshifting may be a solution for someone who is ready to give greater priority to.
- Explains that making adaptations in a current career situation is also an option.
- Explains that many people cope with the career doldrums by finding fulfillment in interests outside of their jobs. the accountant who was suffering a career slump found that she had unused mechanical skills.
- Explains planned happenstance, a theory that helps individuals develop skills to recognize, create, and use chance in career opportunities.
- Opines that "one size fits all" is not the solution to addressing the career doldrums. hudson poses questions for surviving a midlife career plateau transition that are applicable to other situations when career satisfaction is low.
- Asks what needs to be done to sustain balance in life and pacing in schedule?
- Opines that responding to these questions may provide insights into the type of strategies that will be most helpful in curbing the career doldrums.
- Explains that the concept of career doldrums isn't new, but the more open acknowledgment of the phenomenon.
- Explains that the symptoms associated with career doldrums are most closely aligned with the stabilization stage.
- Explains that career counseling can help individuals who are stuck on a career doldrums.
- Explains that making a career move can be as simple as making changes within the same organization or as radical as shifting into another career field.
- Explains that a complete change of careers may be the only option because it may mean retraining as well as "starting over."
- Explains how career direction can be repackaged within the flow of new jobs and openings.
- Cites clarke, caroline v., grannon, and hornaday, ann. "career plateau transitions in midlife and how to manage them."
- Explains mitchell, kathleen e., levin, al s. and krumboltz, john d. "planned happenstance: constructing unexpected career opportunities."
1606 wordsRead More - Career Path: Who am I?explanatory essayFinding a career that overlaps personal and professional concerns is the focus of most career counseling. O*net (2000) has created two assessment tools that help individuals navigate this difficult impasse. This paper focuses on my individual results, reactions and conclusions regarding these two assessments.
In this essay, the author
- Explains how o*net (2000) created two assessment tools that help individuals navigate this difficult impasse. the paper focuses on their individual results, reactions, and conclusions.
- Explains that whiston (2009) defines unsystematic error as inconsistent errors based on personal experience, including illness, fatigue, emotional factors, and even individual administrator errors.
- Explains niles, s. g., and harris-bowlsbey, j. career development interventions in the 21st century.
- Explains how o*net (2000) created two assessment tools that help individuals navigate this difficult impasse. the paper focuses on their individual results, reactions, and conclusions.
- Explains that whiston (2009) defines unsystematic error as inconsistent errors based on personal experience, including illness, fatigue, emotional factors, and even individual administrator errors.
- Explains niles, s. g., and harris-bowlsbey, j. career development interventions in the 21st century.
- Explains that the interest profiler (ip) and work locator (wl) instruments are self-administered surveys designed to reveal an individual's personality type, work values, and relationships.
- Explains that they are artistically oriented and have performed all of their life. their curiosity about god's creation and the things of this world create in them a desire to investigate many things.
- Explains that their primary interest is artistic with secondary interests of social and investigative. their bachelor's degree is in music education combining all three of their vocational personality types.
- Explains the u.s. department of labor's work importance locator and whiston, s. c. principles and applications of assessment in counseling.
1206 wordsRead More - Lowman, Rodney L. (1991). The Clinical Practice of Career Assessment: Interest, Abilities, and Personalities (1st ed.). Washington: American Psychological Association.
In this essay, the author
- Explains holland's theory of vocational personalities and work environments as the premier structural theory behind modern counseling.
- Explains that holland has researched the education levels of the different types of personality categories and reports his findings in the occupations finder.
- Explains that the next level on holland's scale is level 5, which states that a person must have more college education than the forth level.
- Explains holland's theory of vocational personalities and work environments as the premier structural theory behind modern counseling.
- Explains that holland has researched the education levels of the different types of personality categories and reports his findings in the occupations finder.
- Explains that the next level on holland's scale is level 5, which states that a person must have more college education than the forth level.
- Explains that holland's theory of vocational personalities and work environments is the dominate modern measurement for vocational interest. his theory states that each category has its own definite characteristics, but each type is related.
- Explains holland's theory that there are six different occupational personality types. they are realistic, investigative, artistic and conventional.
- Explains how chacko, de fruyt, mervielde, and gottfredson developed a psychological classification scheme for vocations and major fields.
- Cites lowman, rodney l., robinson, c. and plata, m. on the effects of gender, socioeconomic status, and early academic performance on postsecondary educational choice.
1831 wordsRead More - Career Counseling Over the Lifespanexplanatory essayPope, M. (2000, Mar). A brief history of career counseling in the United States. The Career
In this essay, the author
- Explains that career counseling over the lifespan has more than an occupational focus, it deals with the person's entire being with a vision that includes one’s lifespan.
- Explains that seeking the services of a career counselor can provide many benefits, such as deeper understanding of oneself, information on education and careers, sills in decision-making, support in conducting job search or applying to higher education, and support coping with career transitions.
- Explains that documented career counseling dates back to the mid 1800s with forward thinkers such as nelson sizer, frank parsons, and jesse buttrick davis.
- Explains that career counseling over the lifespan has more than an occupational focus, it deals with the person's entire being with a vision that includes one’s lifespan.
- Explains that seeking the services of a career counselor can provide many benefits, such as deeper understanding of oneself, information on education and careers, sills in decision-making, support in conducting job search or applying to higher education, and support coping with career transitions.
- Explains that documented career counseling dates back to the mid 1800s with forward thinkers such as nelson sizer, frank parsons, and jesse buttrick davis.
- Explains how social reform, economic change, and federal legislation were significant factors in the evolution of career counseling.
- Explains the growth of career counseling in the united states after world war ii. economic changes in 1980s and 1990s brought the focus to multicultural needs.
- Explains that nelson sizer was the first person to implement a documented study of characteristics of the individual and then correlated that information withappropriate vocations.
- Explains that frank parsons (1854-1908) is considered the "parent of career counseling." his work and writings are credited as a stimulus for paradigm shifts in thoughts regarding economic and social reform.
- Describes jesse buttrick davis' contributions to career counseling. he was the first to implement a systematic guidance program in the public schools.
- Explains that the national vocational guidance association (nvga) was founded in 1913 in grand rapids michigan.
- Explains that nvga changed its name to national career development association (ncda) in 1984, accompanied by a change in philosophy.
- Explains the ncda's definitions and guidelines for the identity, functions, and ethics of the career counselor.
- Explains that ncda's goal is to promote the career development of all people over the life span. career counselors must demonstrate competencies in the following 11 areas: career development theory, individual and group counseling skills,
- Explains the ncda code of ethics, adapted from the 2005 american counselors association code. the nine sections include professional relationship, confidentiality, responsibility, relationships with other professionals, internet use, supervision, training, teaching, research, and resolving ethical issues.
- Explains how holland, a leading figure in career counseling, developed what is known as holland's theory of personality – environment interaction (p-e theory).
- Explains that holland developed assessments and intervention tools based on his theory, such as self-directed search (sds) and career attitudes and strategies inventory (pci).
- Describes donald e. super as a young counselor who joined the national vocational guidance association and studied vocational guidance and psychology at teachers college, columbia university.
- States that super was a significant leader in career development. he wrote articles and dissertations on the concept of readiness in adolescents to make vocational choices.
- Explains donald super's intellectual legacy has spanned more than 50 years, during which his theoretical perspectives, empirical research,assessments of various elements of career behavior, career education, computer-assisted career guidance, and other interventions have revolutionized, in dramatic and subtle ways.
- Explains that super embraced sociologists, political scientists, and economists to aid in understanding the complexities of career development.
- Explains that god was (and is) interested in the relationship between man and work. he created, modeled, celebrated, and commanded man to honor the sabbath and keep it holy.
- Explains that god's process of determining who is chosen differs from man’s career counseling methods. humans have many theories concerning the relationship between man and career/vocation.
- Explains god's interaction with men and women and work are tasks, talents, and jobs given. adam was given tasks to rule over all the earth and name each animal.
- Explains that talents/gifts given were a means of blessing god and others. moses said to the israelites, "see, the lord has chosen...and he has filled him [bezalel] with the spirit of god."
- Analyzes how god gave moses a job in exodus. his relationship with god and his willingness to follow inspired him to be able to lead.
- Analyzes how super's interest inventory could be used as a model to examine the influences of spiritual factors. holland’s person-environment theory might not always be supported by biblical examples.
- Opines that a biblical approach to career counseling, an inventory that considers biblical self-awareness, and the connection of god’s provision of grace to complete work, might provide people with broader views of work being anointed and supported by the creator.
- Explains that career counseling began in the late 1800s and has progressed from simply making connections between characteristics and vocations to making career a focus throughout one's lifespan.
- Cites arthur n., mcmahon, m. (2005), multicultural career counseling: theoretical applications of the systems theory framework.
- Explains the career development journey of holland, harris-bowlsbey, and krumboltz in the careerdevelopment quarterly.
- Cites hershenson, lewis, & coursol, for their research on career counseling's roots in phrenology.
- Explains the national career development association's code of ethics.
- Cites pope, m., and savickas, l. for a brief history of career counseling in the us.
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