Mrs. Jones, An elderly woman, presented severely short of breath. She required two rest periods in order to ambulate across the room, but refused the use of a wheel chair. She was alert and oriented, but was unable to speak in full sentences. Her skin was pale and dry. Her vital signs were as follows: Temperature 97.3°F, pulse 83, respirations 27, blood pressure 142/86, O2 saturation was 84% on room air. Auscultation of the lungs revealed crackles in the lower lobes and expiratory wheezing. Use of accessory muscles was present. She was put on 2 liters of oxygen via nasal canal. With the oxygen, her O2 saturation increased to 90%. With exertion her O2 saturation dropped to the 80's. Mrs. Jones began coughing and she produced large amounts of milky sputum. Mrs. Jones has a history of COPD. She was already taking albuterol for her illness and it was ineffective when she took it that day. Mrs. Jones had been a smoker but had quit several years ago. According to Chojnowski (2003), smoking is a major causative factor in the development of COPD. Mrs. Jones's primary provider stated that she had a mixed type of COPD. The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) was established to address the growing problem of COPD. The GOLD standards identify three conditions that contribute to the structural changes found in COPD: Chronic bronchiolitis, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis. A mixed diagnosis means that the patient has a combination of these conditions (D., Chojnowski, 2003). Mrs. Jones chronically displayed the characteristic symptoms of COPD. "The characteristic symptoms are cough, sputum production, dyspnea on exertion, and decreased exercise tolerance." (D., Chojnowski, 2003, p. 27). Based on her histor... ... middle of paper ... ...ould be included in this education. This exacerbation of her COPD revealed the need for inhaler re-education. This education holds more importance due to her exacerbation that possibly could have been prevented with proper inhaler use. An education plan should be developed to assess her readiness to learn and to map out a schedule of sessions. Several sessions over an extended period of time with continuous re-evaluations is essential. Research has shown that this approach has better long term outcomes (M., Duerden & D., Price, 2001). References Chojnowski, D. (2003) "GOLD" standards for acute exacerbation in COPD. The Nurse Practitioner,28(5), 26-35. Retrieved from www.tnpj.com on 2/19/04. Duerden, M. & Price, D. (2001). Training issues in the use of inhalers. Practical Disease Management, 9(2), 75-87. Retrieved from www.pdm.com on 2/19/04.
What risk factors and symptoms did Jessica present with prior to the physical examination that suggested a pulmonary disorder?
R.S.’s clinical findings as a consequence of his chronic bronchitis are likely to include: being overweight, experiencing shortness of breath on exertion, producing excessive amount of sputum, having a chronic productive cough, as well as edema and hypervolemia just to name a few. (Copstead & Banasik, 548) Some of these signs and symptoms would be different if R.S. had emphysematous COPD. In emphysema (or “pink puffers”), there is weight loss, the cough is absent or negligible, and edema is not present. While central cyanosis and jugular vein distention are present in late chronic bronchitis, these pathologic manifestations are absent in emphysema. . (Copstead & Banasik, 549)
R.S. has chronic bronchitis. According to the UC San Francisco Medical Center “Chronic bronchitis is a common type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in which the air passages in the lungs — the bronchi — are repeatedly inflamed, leading to scarring of the bronchi walls. As a result, excessive amounts of sticky mucus are produced and fill the bronchial tubes, which become thickened, impeding normal airflow through the lungs.” (Chronic Bronchitis 2015) There are many things that can be observed as clinical findings. R.S. will have a chronic cough that has lasted from 3 months to two years or more, and a lot of sputum. The sputum is due to
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in this assignment will be referred to as COPD; it is a term for collective chronic lung conditions
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is a group of progressive lung diseases that block airflow and make it hard to breathe. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the most common types of COPD (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2016, p 557). Primary symptoms include coughing, mucus, chest pain, shortness of breath, and wheezing (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2016, p.557). COPD develops slowly and worsens over time if not treated during early stages. The disease has no cure, but medication and disease management can slow its progress and make one feel better (NIH, 2013)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, better known as COPD, is a disease that affects a person’s ability to breathe normal. COPD is a combination of two major lung diseases: emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Bronchitis affects the bronchioles and emphysema affects the alveoli.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a lung disease that affects breathing. This disease is one that blocks or obstructs air flow which then affects the way that one breathes. It diminishes the capability of airflow in and out of the lungs. COPD is the term used for a group of different diseases that affect the lungs. The two most common types of COPD are emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Emphysema is a destruction of the small bronchioles in the lungs and chronic bronchitis is an inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes. Both emphysema and chronic bronchitis are obstructive diseases that impact breathing in a negative manner. (COPD, 2014)
Hess Dean R., M. N. (2012). Respiratory Care: Principles and Practice 12th Edition. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Parker, Steve. "Chronic Pulmonary Diseases." The Human Body Book. New ed. New York: DK Pub., 2007.
Although the neutrophils from one of the COPD groups was less responsive to bacterial peptide . This shows that systemic inflammatory signals do not necessarily correspond with the GOLD classification and that inflammatory phenotyping can remarkably add in enhanced diagnosis of single COPD patients . The background is that COPD as i stated earlier is characterized by irreversible airflow limitation , and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity . Cigarettes as stated in the article is the most important risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the western world . According to GOLD the diagnosis and severity of COPD is assessed using lung function measurements , like FEV1 , FVC . It is well received that these spirometry measurements are insufficient , mainly because spirometry data alone poorly correlate with symptoms and health status . A lot of studies have focused on the identification of disease phenotype in COPD , and have also searched for individual and/or combined biomarkers using the data they collected
Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a severe public health problem that affects health related quality of life (HRQoL). In COPD patients, limitation of the airway function is generally persistent and patients usually suffer from considerable physical and psychological symptoms, and impairments of functional ability and HRQoL (Vestbo et al., 2013). Common symptoms of COPD include chronic cough, sputum production and exertional dyspnea (Ng & Smith, 2017). These symptoms affect HRQoL, but can they can be managed. The ultimate goals of COPD management are to maintain or improve patients’ functional quality and ability, facilitate patients to better live with the chronic condition with less acute respiratory exacerbations
The clinical manifestation one may see in patients with chronic bronchitis are chronic cough, weight loss, excessive sputum, and dyspnea. Chronic cough is from the body trying to expel the excessive mucus build up to return breathing back to normal. Dyspnea is from the thickening of the bronchial walls causing constriction, thereby altering the breathing pattern. This causes the body to use other surrounding muscles to help with breathing which can be exhausting. These patients ca...
I really didn’t know very much about COPD. I knew that COPD makes it hard to breathe and that sometimes you need to use oxygen to help you breathe. I’ve never heard very much about it other than my grandpa had it and there are a lot of commercials about it. It makes your life a lot harder and you can’t do daily tasks with the ease we take for granted because you’re lugging around your oxygen tank or, ultimately you just can’t breathe.
One hundred million deaths have resulted from tobacco use in the 20th century, and up to one billion more from tobacco use are predicted for the 21st century. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is becoming a global public health crisis.1COPD is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production, and wheezing. It is caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. People with COPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease, lung cancer, and some other respiratory conditions.2 The two most common conditions that contribute to COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by airflow restrictions that cannot be entirely undone once damaged happened. COPD leads to injured lungs, making them narrow and air flow out and into the lungs problematic. It can be produced by environmental or work-related exposure to contamination, dust and smoking. Emphysema and Pneumonia is but 2 of the disease processes that fall below this umbrella of COPD (Mitchel, 2015).