Abraham Maslow's Theory Of Personality

“Personality” (Chapter 5)

Values are established through life experiences, and refer to goals that are important to the individual, and affect the decisions people make. Whereas, personality is the relativity of feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns that differentiates people. Personality also gives use an idea on how a person will act within different situations. Understanding individual’s personalities is useful for placing people within organizations.

The Big Five personality traits are extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism. The first personality trait openness, which is the degree of creativity, original, curious, intellectual, and new ideas. The second is conscientiousness, people with this trait

The first theory is Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy which pertains to the needs which are esteem, self-actualization, social, safety, and physiological. The second theory is theory X and Y, this theory inherently dislikes work, believing people need to be directed or coerced to perform. The theory Y is were individual accept work as their responsibility. The third theory is the Two-factor theory (motivation-hygiene theory) motivation relating to job satisfaction, achievement, responsibility, and growth. Hygiene relates to job dissatisfaction. The fourth theory is Herzberg theory that suggests factors associated with work and outcomes derived from work, such as growth, opportunities, and promotions. The fifth and final theory is McCellands theory of needs which are need for achievement, need for power, and need for

This theory also presents Cognitive evolution theory and Self-concordance. The third is the Goal-Setting theory, whereas goals that have feedback lead to higher performance, challenging goals help us focus, difficult goals energize us. Three factors influence goals, commitment, national culture, and task characteristics. The fourth theory is Management by objective that concerns specific goals, participation in decision-making, time period, performance feedback. The fifth theory is Self-Efficacy Theory (Social Cognitive Theory), this is the belief a person has in themselves to perform tasks. The four ways self-efficacy can be increased is enactive mastery, vicarious modeling, verbal persuasion, and arousal. The sixth theory is the Reinforcement theory, says behavior is a function of its consequences, and is environmentally caused. It concentrates upon hen a person takes action and ignores the inner state of the person. Reinforcement will strengthen behavior, thus the same behavior will be repeated. The seventh theory is Behaviorism, argues behavior follows stimuli. The eighth theory is the Social learning theory states we can learn from observation and direct experience. The processes are attention process, retention process, motor reproduction process, reinforcement process.

The ninth theory is Equity theory/Organizational