- VOCABULARIES -
Aboriginal languages’ vocabularies used in general term
There are about 10,000 words of most Aboriginal languages in terms of the same number of words used by the average speaker of English. Due to the fact that Aboriginal people lived outback in the Western Desert, Pintupi dialect commonly used to mention to a variety of that place spoken by indigenous people. Many words have functioned to close Aborigines’ relationship with their surroundings. Customarily, all Aboriginal adults were able to identify and name hundreds of plants and animals. Still, this is the case in many parts of outback and northern Australia, and one reason why Aboriginal people are central to much contemporary biological research since past to present.
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Australian English had been influenced from British English. According to ‘Lady Sarah Ashley’ as the protagonist woman, she is an English aristocrat, whose husband Lord Maitland Ashley has bought a cattle station called 'Faraway Downs' in northern Australia in order to trade the cattle whether inside or outside the country. Consequently, this reveals why Australian English language are quite similar to British English language because of having marketing communication each other.
As shown into a table, there are the examples of vocabularies that occur in Australia (2008) movie in terms of comparing the origin of meaning and functions between Aboriginal English and Standard Modern English.
Aboriginal English Standard Modern
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Due to strain government has the policy that a child who is half Aborigine and Europe will be banished to the other island before World War II. They are taken care of pastor. This policy begins when white people come to Australia before the century. They will take to be a servant in the white people’s house and they will never allow backing home. Some of them are separated from parents. Furthermore, they will be camouflaged in order to look like African people. It is predicted that there are about 8,000 Aborigines who are kidnaped during 1885 to 1996. Seriously, it is illegal and it is called the shame history of white
The stolen generation is a scenario carry out by the Australian government to separate most aboriginal people’s families. The government was enforced take the light skinned aboriginal kids away from their guardians to learn the white people’s culture in the campus around the country and then send them back to their hometown and prohibit them join the white people’s society after they turn be an adult. The
Wheeler, B., 2013, A Companion to Australian Aboriginal Literature, Google Book, viewed: 1/03/14, URL: http://books.google.com.au/books?id=NX_2y2UD5-IC&pg=PA166&lpg=PA166&dq=traditional+language+in+%27box+the+pony%27+Leah+Purcell&source=bl&ots=VLqT-Xa5WV&sig=q6F8Rp1MHhC9TF2Ue3QSLoqECN8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Zd4NU56KL4nEkwXs1ICgAQ&ved=0CFcQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=traditional%20language%20in%20'box%20the%20pony'%20Leah%20Purcell&f=false
The Assimilation was a policy set by the government in 1937 and went to till 1964. This policy of Assimilation was set not just for Aborigines in Australia but for all foreign immigrants that were not European and white in colour. Having this policy set in place meant that Aborigines were forced to give up their heritage and adopt the culture of the British/Anglo Saxons. This law sent children away from their families to learn how to become and live like a white Australian, leaving all memories, beliefs, and traditions behind. Another major impact this had toward the Aborigines was they had no rights or freedoms and finally all culture, heritage, beliefs were left behind and made to start a new life living as a 'white fella’.
Parbury (1999:64) states that Aboriginal education “cannot be separated” from the non-Aboriginal attitudes (racially based ethnocentricity that were especially British ie. white and Christian) towards Aborigines, their culture and their very existence. The Mission Schools are an early example of the connection between official education policies and key events in Aboriginal history. Aboriginal children were separated from their parents and placed into these schools which according to McGrath (as cited by Parbury, 1999:66) it was recommended that these establishments be located ‘as far as possible’ from non Aboriginal residents so as to minimize any heathen influence that Aboriginal children might be subject to from their parents. Mission Schools not only prepared Aboriginal youth for the manual labour market but also, adds Parbury (1999:67) their aim was‘to destroy Aboriginal culture and replace it with an Anglo-European work and faith ethic.’ Despite the NSW Public Instruction Act (1880) which made education free, secular and compulsory for all children Aboriginal children could be excluded from public schools based on prevailing dominant group attitudes. Consequently, the NSW Aborigines Protection Act (1909) was introduced as a result of a perceived public education crisis and Laws had already been passed, similar to protectionist type policies. This Act gave the State the power to remove Aboriginal children from their families whereby this period of time has become known as ‘Stolen Generations.’ It was during this time that Aboriginal children were segregated from mainstream schools. (Parbury, 1999; Lippman, 1994).
Throughout the world, in history and in present day, injustice has affected all of us. Whether it is racial, sexist, discriminatory, being left disadvantaged or worse, injustice surrounds us. Australia is a country that has been plagued by injustice since the day our British ancestors first set foot on Australian soil and claimed the land as theirs. We’ve killed off many of the Indigenous Aboriginal people, and also took Aboriginal children away from their families; this is known as the stolen generation. On the day Australia became a federation in 1901, the first Prime Minister of Australia, Edmund Barton, created the White Australia Policy. This only let people of white skin colour migrate to the country. Even though Australia was the first country to let women vote, women didn’t stand in Parliament until 1943 as many of us didn’t support female candidates, this was 40 years after they passed the law in Australian Parliament for women to stand in elections. After the events of World War Two, we have made an effort to make a stop to these issues here in Australia.
Reynolds, H. (1990). With The White People: The crucial role of Aborigines in the exploration and development of Australia. Australia: Penguin Books
Aboriginal Australians speak a variety of languages and language variants that differ in how much or little they resemble Standard Australian English. When European settlers first came to Australia, approximately 250 Indigenous languages were spoken (McKay, 297). Due to the repressive language assimilation policies that ensued, this number has been cut in half (McKay, 297). About 100 of the languages that still exist are in advanced stages of endangerment with a small number of speakers among o...
The White Australia policy consisted of both official and unofficial discrimination in Australian history which created bias to favour white European migrants over other races. The origins of the policy can be traced back to mid 19th century but it wasn't until 1901 that the Immigration Restriction Act was passed by the Federal; Government as their first act. The new law created a strict control on who could immigrate to Australia and it was required that any person who identified as a 'prohibited immigrant' would need to undertake a dictation test in any European language, making it extremely hard for people of other backgrounds to immigrate. The policy was still in place when Irmtrau migrated but was completely abolished when the Racial Discrimination Act was passed in 1975.
Within Australia, beginning from approximately the time of European settlement to late 1969, the Aboriginal population of Australia experienced the detrimental effects of the stolen generation. A majority of the abducted children were ’half-castes’, in which they had one white parent and the other of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent. Following the government policies, the European police and government continued the assimilation of Aboriginal children into ‘white’ society. Oblivious to the destruction and devastation they were causing, the British had believed that they were doing this for “their [Aborigines] own good”, that they were “protecting” them as their families and culture were deemed unfit to raise them. These beliefs caused ...
Language- this is important to understanding the Indigenous heritage; there are many meanings to the language spoken including the location and tribe they come from (Australian Indigenous Culture Heritage 2015).
The assimilation policy was a policy that existed between the 1940’s and the 1970’s, and replaced that of protectionism. Its purpose was to have all persons of aboriginal blood and mixed blood living like ‘white’ Australians, this established practice of removing Aboriginal children (generally half-bloods) from their homes was to bring them up without their culture, and they were encouraged to forget their aboriginal heritage. Children were placed in institutions where they could be 'trained' to take their place in white society. During the time of assimilation Aboriginal people were to be educated for full citizenship, and have access to public education, housing and services. However, most commonly aboriginal people did not receive equal rights and opportunities, for example, their wages were usually less than that paid to the white workers and they often did not receive recognition for the roles they played in the defence of Australia and their contribution to the cattle industry. It wasn’t until the early 1960’s that expendi...
The stolen generations of Aboriginal children were taken away from their families by the government, churches and welfare bodies so they could be brought up in institutions or fostered out into white families with the hope that these children would be integrated into white society. Beginning in the 1830’s and ending in the early 1970’s, many children were taken from their families in an attempt to eradicate the Aboriginal race and culture. The Australian government’s policy and practice of removing the Aboriginal children from their families was violently enforced during that time period, unfortunately this official government policy was in effect until 1969. During my research it appears that the practice of mistreating Aboriginal
The rights of Indigenous Australians were restricted by the Government policy of protection and assimilation. The Aboriginal Protection Act was passed in 1869, which gave power over the lives of Aboriginal people to the government, such as where they could live or work. They removed mixed decent Aboriginal children from their families in an attempt to assimilate them into white society. The Child Welfare Act 1939 abandoned this policy and gave Indigenous parents the right to take their children back. But the children were moved far away, and even if they were found and returned, many of them were mistreated and didn’t return the same to their families. This had devastating effects on Indigenous parents, and many white Australians didn’t understand this impact at the time.
Fromkin, Victoria A.."An introduction to language" Victoria Fromkin, David Blair, Peter Collins. 4th ed. N.S.W. : Harcourt Australia, c1999
113-117. 151-195. The. English: A Linguistic Tool Kit, (2012), (U214, Worlds of English, DVD ROM), Milton Keynes, The Open University. English in the World, (2012), (U214, Worlds of English, DVD ROM), Milton Keynes, The Open University.