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Social norms and their consequences on society
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To define abnormal psychology is to define three parts: there must be an observable manifestation of abnormality. You must be able to observe the “disturbance in an individual cognition, emotion regulation, or behaviour.”(20) A clinical definition provided by the DSM-5. A disorder which is completely internalized with no observable component would not be considered abnormal. Secondly, this disturbance must be statistical different from what is regarded as societal norms. Smoking could be viewed as a disturbance that reflects a dysfunction. However, smoking is not regarded as abnormal because there are too many smokers, it is not a statistical infrequency. The last criteria to be met is that this disturbance must have a result or outcome and that result or outcome must be seen as harmful or negative to the individual or those observing. Before we can understand this theory however, we need to look into what is defined in clinical psychology as abnormal psychology, Davidson and Neal know how important abnormal psychology is to psychologists, so they …show more content…
Abnormal behaviour in itself is infrequent, that’s what makes it abnormal. Mental retardation is an example of statistical infrequency, they fall below on intelligence on a bell-curve line; differing from the norm. Violation of societal norms is similar, an action that threatens or makes those anxious to those observing. These two parts are the building blocks on abnormal psychology. You can have both of these, and still be considered to have normal behaviour; a cross dresser walking down the street in Regina is rare (statistical infrequency) and a violation of societal norms (small town Saskatchewan) but causes no harm to themselves or those around them. There is no reason to interject in this person’s life, they are not unhappy (unless internalizing a homosexual need), lead a conventional life and are often
According to our text because of the difficult distinguishing normal from abnormal behavior, psychologists have struggled to devise a precise, scientific definition of “abnormal behavior” (Psychology and Your Life Feldam 2017). What is considered abnormal for some can be considered normal for others. The lifestyle practice that one chooses or the way an individual copes with life can differ amongst individuals. Deciding which coping style or preference is normal is or abnormal is generally is based off an individual's personal perception according to their own beliefs and practices.
There are multiple criteria that come into play when determining a psychological disorder. One reason is because, it is hard to know for sure if an action is abnormal or not. Something could be abnormal in our country, but a custom in another. According to Psychology in Action, “[r]ather than being fixed categories, both “abnormal” and “normal” behaviors exist along a continuum, and no single criterion is adequate for [i]dentifying all forms of abnormal behavior” (Huffman). There are four criteria used to determine whether a behavior is abnormal.
Comer, Ronald. "Models of Abnormality." comer, Ronald. Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology. New York: Worth Publishers, 2011. 32-37.
doi:10.1353/ ppp.0.0286 Kring, A. M., Johnson, S. L., Davison, G. C., & Neale, J. M. (2013). Abnormal Psychology. Twelfth Addition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mental disorders have baffled psychiatrists, physicians, and the public since the beginning of time. Multiple personality disorder, also known as dissociative identity disorder, is a severe form of dissociation, a mental process which produces a lack of connection in a person's thoughts, memories, feelings, actions, or sense of identity. Dissociation is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personalities, or alters, that control a person’s behavior. “Nonetheless, some documented cases of MPD have noted patients having as many as one hundred alters” (“Multiple Personality Residential Treatment”). These different alters have their own age, sex, or race. Alters are alternative personalities, which are dissociated parts of the self that represent memories, emotions, and ways of relating to the person. They are able to function autonomously. The host is the original person, which is the one who is in charge of the body (“Dissociative Identity Disorder”). One can develop multiple personality disorder through various components, but luckily, there is a cure.
Comer, R. J. (2011). Fundamentals of Abnormal Psychology (Sixth ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers.
The human nature share common traits that human may often encounter at some point in life through cross-cultural, experience, memories, pain, conditional behaviors, mistreatment, abuse, identity uniqueness, and insecurities. Although, it transpires at some form or fashion in an individual’s life, it may begin at birth and resurface unconsciously in an individual’s adulthood. The counselor’s goal is to have a combination of heuristic as provision to target the past and present to polarize the pattern of the client’s cognitive-behaviors, conscious, unconscious, and the realization or non-realization occurrences which seems to exist. These psychodynamic approaches psychoanalysis, analytical therapy, and individual psychology have effectively treated
Barlow, David H., Vincent Mark. Durand, and Sherry H. Stewart. Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach. Toronto: Nelson Education, 2012. 140-45. Print.
Foote and Frank state, “Just as the categories of truth and false divide the world into a hierarchy, so do the categories of normal and pathological” (160). Through these unreliable truths, one can be characterized as either normal or abnormal, based on a definition that is constantly reconstructed through time. Truths are created by ideologies based on what is considered healthy and normal to the human body. Any sign of psychological disobedience to the norms is considered abnormal and in need of medical or therapeutic attention. As a result, people do not want to be viewed in this way or participate in anything that may supposedly harm themselves and thus, they will begin to take on socially constructed remedies that may actually do more bad than good, in order to prevent marginalization. Individuals will do whatever they can to avoid deviance, “which refers to any behaviours or appearances that violate social norms, rules, or laws” (Brock,
The fourth example of abnormal behavior takes place 1:27 minutes into the movie. Johnny just got arrested for buying pills over the border. When he got released and went home, Vivian tells John that his parents stopped by. He asked what his father said about the arrest. His dad said, “Now he won’t have to try so hard to convince people that he went to jail.” I felt like this was an abnormal behavior because Johnny’s dad seemed unconcerned about his son during the a rough time in his
In this review, there will only be research included that classifies depression as a mental disability among adults. In these studies, depression is handled as a illness that requires proper treatment to overcome. Besides the use of pharmaceutical drugs an alternative type of therapies, such as acupuncture, can be used to help suppress and resolve these taxing symptoms of depression. When looking at the criteria that would be used for this study, it was determined that only studies that contain Eastern acupuncture would be used. This includes the methods of cupping, heat lamp acupuncture, electrical stimulation and moxa. It was also determined that studies that focused on human trials would be allowed. This systematic review only includes CINAHL
Barlow, D., Durand, V., & Stewart, S. (2009). Abnormal psychology an integrative apporach. (2nd ed.). United States of America: Wadsworth
In this article it talks about the connection of affective disorder developing during young adulthood. Affective disorder in this specific article includes: bipolar disorders, major depressive orders, and anxiety disorder. Affective disorder episodes are usually the first sign of a person mental illness. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbance has been connected with affective disorders. Sleep is main factor when it comes to these disorders. Altered sleep duration and insomnia are result with anxiety disorders connecting with sleep disturbance. Major depression disorder and bipolar disorder have common factor also with sleep disturbance. When people have abnormal sleeping patterns that consist of 24 hours sleep rhythm of activity and rest also
Halgin, R. P., & Whitbourne, S. K. (2010). Abnormal psychology: clinical perspectives on psychological disorders (6th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Mental health refers to the state of individuals psychologically, emotionally and socially. Mental health affects a person’s emotions, feelings, thoughts, and sections when exposed to different situations. Furthermore, mental health is responsible for a person’s reaction to stress and other social conditions. Generally, mental health affects how a person relates to others and their ability to understand and interact with them. Therefore, problems that affect a person’s mental health affect the abilities to socialize, their feelings, moods, reaction to situations. The person experiencing mental health problem may portray different behaviors when confronted with different issues. Mental health issues have several