Introduction: The ever-increasing bandwidth requirement and accommodation of the transmission of large volume of data are stimulating the research of finding a high-speed optical transmission network solution. High-speed optical transmission can provide the most reliable and cost-effective solution to this emerging necessity. The rapid growth of traffic over optical network makes the necessity of 100 Gb/s optical network backbone mandatory. 1 Gb/s Ethernet is common in Local Area Network nowadays. It can serve individual user’s workstation data needs perfectly. This bandwidth will remain sufficient for single user’s need for next few decades. However, the scenario in data centers and servers are different; Cisco, one of the pioneers in networking device manufacturers, estimates the expansion of data traffic in global datacenters over the next five years-with the current yearly growth rate of about 30%, the data traffic would become four times larger in next five years. To facilitate this enormous data traffic large capacity, high-speed optical backbone is essential. This drama...
It is organized in three phases initially densely populated areas, urban areas and then hill areas where applicable with WIMAX towers. As per the mandate it will enable a new generation of services for end users, with latest technologies including VOIP, IPTV, IPVPN, FTTX and high speed mobile access with LTE. Also we will provide detailed recommendations for constructing each part of the network with the enhanced core network, it will describe the fiber access network to meet SLT’s 100 Mbps objective to 90 percent coverage and also describes how to ensure nationwide backhaul
Messages distributed by institutions such as the media have the potential to reach very large and anonymous audiences in a process called mass communication. In the movie Super Size Me, Morgan Spurlock documents a month of eating McDonald's, only to prove how food media affects the way Americans are living extremely unhealthy lives. According to The Mediated Communication Process (modified Westley-MacLean model) communication starts with an event, which in this case is the two teenage girls that decided to sue McDonald's for their obesity, then there are sources, a message, a communicator, another message and then the audience.
Like a lot inventions in the past two centuries, modern fibre optic cable was created for military uses. The manager for Copper Cable and Wire at the US Army Signal Corps was getting more displeased with the amount of signal loss that was due to copper cable.
In my opinion, I strongly believe Ontario should not raise the current speed limit of, 100 km/h to 110 km/h on major highways. To begin with, speed limits are determined by how fast a driver can react to hazards and how fast they bring a car to a stop. By increasing the speed limit, drivers will have insufficient time to react to a hazard, resulting in less time for other users of the road to react to that vehicle. Drivers need ample time to react and hit the breaks when they need to. Moreover, many individuals believe the idea of a brake assist will help avoid collisions and accidents on the freeway, however most Ontarians have older cars that do not have modern technology found in most cars made today. Not all cars have a brake assist and
Sending data through the internet efficiently has always posed many problems. The two major technologies used, Ethernet and Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), have done an admirable job of porting data, voice and video from one point to another. However, they both fall short in differing areas; neither has been able to present the "complete" package to become the single, dominant player in the internet market. They both have dominant areas they cover. Ethernet has dominated the LAN side, while ATM covers the WAN (backbone). This paper will compare the two technologies and determine which has a hand-up in the data trafficking world.
Netflix consumes about 29.7% of peak downstream traffic because of its online video streaming service. (Adhikari, et al., 2012). The network architecture of Netflix should be well organized to support the features of high availability and scalability. Netflix previously had its own data center to host the services and functions required for efficient video streaming availability to its customers. Currently, Netflix has adopted cloud techn...
All forms of commerce will benefit from fibre optic connectivity as it will lower the cost of communication, which is a vital part of any business. New opportunity for the growth of the data market will emerge as cheaper bandwidth should translate to more users.
The requirement of end-to-end congestion control,and requirement of router mechanisms in network to identify and avoid unresponsive and high bandwidth best effort flows in times of congestion.
Ethernet is a household of processor interacting machineries for local area networks. Ethernet was brought to light in 1980 and consistent in 1983 as IEEE 802.3. Ethernet has basically substituted rival online local area network machineries such as token ring, FDDI, and ARCNET. The Ethernet ethics include some cabling and beckoning alternates of the OSI physical layer in use with Ethernet. The unique 10BASE5 Ethernet recycled coaxial cable as a collective medium. Well along the coaxial cables remained exchanged with twisted pair and fiber optic contacts in combination with hubs or switches. Figures rates stood sporadically increased from the innovative 10 megabits per second to 100 gigabits per second. Structures talking across Ethernet split a brook of info into smaller parts called frames. Each frame held basis and endpoint discourses and error-checking information so that dented data can be perceived and re-transferred. As per the OSI model Ethernet delivers amenities up to and counting the info connection layer. Meanwhile its profitable announcement, Ethernet has booked a great grade. Landscapes such as the 48-bit MAC statement and Ethernet frame arrangement have prejudiced other interacting protocols.
...width is obtained. To test the applicability of the proposed designs we calculated various parameters to analyse the buffering capacity of the proposed PC waveguide.
When electronic devices transfer information to another electronic device, the devices need to know when data flow is beginning and ending. This is done with signals for synchronization.i
The eight billion initial investments in the high-speed rail are expected to produce about 320,000 jobs and roughly thirteen billion dollars in economic benefit. These include construction and operation jobs, as well as manufacturing and supply chain options. By increasing mobility while decreasing crowding and spreading, high-speed rail makes our country more competitive while simultaneously creating economic development. The High Speed Rail could boost the economy and could provide alternate transportation, therefore it should be built.
In recent years the demand for high-speed networking, driven mainly by the rapid expansion of the Internet, has been growing at an exponential rate. While a wide range of wireline and wireless solutions offering broadband connectivity are or will shortly be available, communication satellites are beginning to emerge as an attractive solution in providing broadband connectivity to a variety of users.
System design in a data center network provides the tools for addressing the challenges that occur with expansion of data center infrastructure. This includes support for the rapid growth of applications and their data and storage bandwidth, managing and modifying data storage requirements, optimize server-processing resources and access information
People in the present society have turned from the use of the old means of communication to the more advanced and technological ways of communicating. Technology has made it easier for people to communicate in a faster, efficient, and cost saving means through the introduction of the communication channels. The world has turned out to be the centre for technology with different technologies emerging daily as the people continue to develop from time to time to cope with the growing technology. The benefits of adopting the communication technology are explained in this article which shows why people do not function without technology.