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Many organizations seek to strengthen their position and competitive advantage, and cultivate its leader’s and manager’s problem-solving skills to be more decisive and novel in their resolve to more quickly make decisions in diverse environments. Hence, organizations invest in developing leaders and managers that are knowledgeable, forward-thinking, and capable of demonstrating critical skills to solve problems. However, according to Thyssen and Gessler (2012), research in project management studies has shown that the effectiveness of project managers in project-oriented organizations has been relatively underexplored (p.207). In order to strategically manage organizations and deliver quality products and services, organizations must ensure they remain in a position to innovatively approach problem solving while ensuring continued preparedness for future success. They do this by ensuring they have a cadre of leaders and managers with the requisite knowledge, skills, experiences, and attitudes suitable to effectively and efficiently integrate themselves into the workplace, work with others, and solve problems that ensure the organization is forward-leaning in its approach to future missions, challenges, and its organizational goals.

Ivanko (2012) espoused that organizational behavior is a special discipline and practice of management. It covers the basis of people and their individual behavior, socio-economic issues, processes, management and leadership. According to Manutollo (1990), the central importance of behavior is its ability to shape the basic functions, roles, and responsibilities of individuals towards the common goals of an organization. The selection, recruitment, training, and performance of individuals, and th...

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...rchers, military instructors, instructional designers, curriculum developers, and practitioners may find this study useful. Brief and Weiss (2002) noted that the study of the effect of organizational behavior in the workplace peaked in the 1930s and weakened thru the 1990s (p. 279). Further, literature that provides a detailed and evaluative analysis of project management is scarce. Thyssen and Gessler (2012) found that more works are required on the effectiveness of project managers since project management standards are inadequate and assessing project managers and more empirical-based research is needed in order to create models of project manager’s effectiveness (p. 207). Butler (1973) espoused that “the institution of project management in functional organizations produces a fertile field for inquiry into human behavior in organizational settings” (p.84).