Piper Kerman was a young educated college graduate that made a really bad decision to engage in money laundering for a friend/ lover Nora who was involved in illegal drug trafficking. Kerman, like many young women straight out of college, longed for adventure and did not feel that her degree in theater was being utilized at her jobs as a waitress. Nora asked Kerman to accompany her on her extravagant trips to Paris and Bali where they lived for months off of drug money. Nora was in charge of making contacts and transporting drugs. After a while, the life of adventure that she longed for was replaced with a need for simplicity and a life that didn’t involve criminality. As a result, Nora moved back home and became reacquainted with a man named Larry that she had once worked with. After a while, the two fell in love and started a new life together. Kerman left …show more content…
The only thing she was guilty of was transporting money across country lines. She was a small participant in a large scale drug ring. In addition, her motive for even becoming a part of the lifestyle is being she wanted adventure. She did not want to engage in criminal activity, instead she wanted to take advantage of the economic status of her lover Nora. Labeling is very important when discussing female criminality because women incarcerated for drug offenses are not major players but maintain a very minimal role in process. Most women are innocent by standers to their intimate partners who actually deserves to be labeled and punished. Thus, women should not have the same labels as men. Also labeling mechanisms also effect a woman’s reentry into society. Since women are usually the bread winners for their homes, it is vital that the crimes that they commit are adequately given names that support their role in a criminal act. Some jobs do not hire women based on how they are labeled or what their conviction is
These women have been increasingly going to jail for longer periods of time for minor crimes, the most frequent crimes that are being convicted are mostly related to drug and alcohol related crimes as well as theft (Mental Health Coordinating Council, 2010). A survey conducted in New South Wales of female inmates had concluded that; 80% are current smokers, 78% have used an illicit drug(s), 67% were unemployed in the six months prior to incarceration, and 66% of these women had also been in a violent/abusive relationship (Mental Health Coordinating Council, 2010). It has been argued that the risk factors for offenders are derived from that of genetic theories of crime and that they are an adequate guide for correctional supervision and treatment-planning decisions for females, however others argue that this approach is highly flawed and does not take into account gender differences (Rettinger & Andrews 2010). This is an issue in the CJS and its importance cannot be undervalued, the assessment for the risk and need has implications for the assignment of female offenders to a correction option that is the least restrictive, the assignment to an appropriate intervention dosage, appropriate targeting of criminogenic needs, and an understanding of female offending (Rettinger & Andrews 2010). Due to the increasingly large number
Classical and contemporary theory helps to explain gendered crime patterns. The feminist school of criminology argue criminology and criminal theory is very masculine, all studies into criminal behaviour, have been developed from male statistics and tested on males. Very little research is conducted into female criminality, this may be because women who commit crime are more likely to be seen as evil or mentally ill rather than criminal, this is because women are labe...
The rate of women’s conviction is on the rise (Van Wormer, Bartollas). The increase of incarceration is outdoing the conviction of the men (Van Wormer, Bartollas). Female defendants found guilty of felonies in State courts has more than doubled the proportion of male offenders since 1990 (Greenfeld, Snell). Male offenders are estimated to commit about one violent offense for every nine males; the estimation is six times that of women (Greenfeld, Snell). Women are held accountable for about 2.1 violent offenses (Greenfeld, Snell).
...ome from different worlds, yet they still share the same type of sadness and pain in their everyday lives. What Nora does is considered courageous in that time in history, where women were not treated as equals and were always looked down on and ignored. Women speaking out and taking matters into their own hands was unheard of and often risky. They want to be independent so they do what they believe is necessary to accomplish and reach their goals, so that they can once again be happy for eternity.
This documentary is about two girls’ journey as they are released from their juvenile home after committing a crime. At first glance, these two girls look the same; both of them committed some sort of crime and ended up in a juvenile home. Throughout the documentary, Shanae is seen as someone who wants to change because of her past mistake. On the other hand, Megan struggles more because she is starved for love. What makes this girls circumstances different is that Shanae has a family that loves her and want her to get better, while Megan comes from a broken home where her mom is constantly in jail. In order to understand both Megan and Shanae’s struggle, the labeling theory is one of the theories that fit their situation.
In order to demonstrate that equal outcomes for women do require different approaches within the criminal justice system, this essay intends to look at the behavioural and situational differences between female and male offenders. It will highlight the inadequate facilities available for female prisoners. It will also look at the historical differences between crimes committed by males and females and the growing trend of women involvement in drug offences. This essay will also examine the status of mental health of women within the criminal justice system and explore if this issue is more prevalent amongst female offenders.
This is the story of Piper Kerman, and how her personal story from being in prison relates to that of other female offenders. Kerman came from a well educated family, who were mostly doctors, lawyers, or teachers.“Much to the skepticism of my father and grandfather,” she writes, Kerman had majored in theater (Kerman, p. 4), and graduated from Smith College in New England. After college, her classmates and friends were going off to their graduate school programs or new jobs. Kerman, however, decided to stay in Massachusetts. She felt unmotivated pursuing a career in theater, and did not have an interest in truly continuing on with her education. Furthermore, she also felt that she did not have a “meaningful career” (Kerman, p. 4). Kerman wanted to be an independent woman and experience, experiment, and live her own life. She got an apartment with a fellow student, and started “waiting tables at a microbrewery” (Kerman, p. 5). She fell into the habit of partying, which for Kerman, was the beginning of a lifestyle that would eventually lead to something far bigger and more dangerous than she had ever imagined - and one which ultimately led to her conviction. In 2003, Kerman pled guilty to charges of money laundering and drug trafficking.
When the criminal justice system was established, one of the goals was to create neutrality and fairness between the sexes. However, during those times, women were not known for behaving in such manners. If a woman did in fact take part in any criminal activities, those crimes would have been blames on an individual that could of not fought for themselves. Even though people might believe that there is no such thing as ‘stereotyping’ in the criminal justice system, it is quite obvious that women are constantly being looked down upon because of their sex. In general, women tend to be treated like fragile objects that could break at any moment; the truth is that women can behave like men. Society stereotypes women; and, the criminal justice system is no different. When it comes to the stereotyping of women in the criminal justice system, society presents women who are indeed capable of committing such crimes as victims because by doing do they can achieve a lesser sentence or if necessary a longer sentence that will protect them from any harm.
Nora, with the best of intentions, has caught herself and her family in a legal trap caused by her disregard of the law, when she forges her father’s signature on a bond. In her conversation she first discusses with Mrs. Linde “Yes, a wonderful thing!--But it is so terrible, Christine; it mustn't happen, not for all the world.” (II.66). The reader finds out later that the wonderful thing is also her romantic imaginings of her husband, Torvald, standing up and taking the blame for her actions shielding her from the consequences if what she has done ever comes to light.
Gender differences toward crime are due to different focal concerns, including norms. “The separation between what is feminine and what is criminal is sharp, whereas the dividing line between what is masculine and what is illegal is often thin” (Steffensmeier et al., 2013, p. 452). In addition, males find it easier to justify their illegally behavior, especially if it is for status-seeking or financial reasons. Their study found that the majority of corporate offenders are male. When involved, women performed more minor roles in corporate fraud schemes and profited less than their male co-conspirators. Also, the majority of offenders were either top executives or upper-level officials, where as women are mostly in mid-level roles. Only around fifteen percent of top executives are female. Therefore, they support that females have minimal involvement corporate criminal
Andrew Novinska pointed out in his article from 2002, women “have been viewed within our culture as less mentally healthy than men” (p. 105). The women in the 2002 study recognized that their own world is not safe, even being in prison. One woman was into the drug scene and was...
felt inside. It caused Holden to condone something that he was strongly opposed to as a
Whereas for Nora is trapped in her own predicament and circumstances. She has no power or equality in society, or even in her own marriage and household. She has a financial obligation, the back loan she did behind her husband’s back. To obtain the loan she had forged her father’s signature on the IOU. Nora claims that she can’t claim her own life or live her own life so long as she remains married to her husband. She goes on to say how she feels all her life she’s been played with like a
Nora 's character is a little bit complicated. she is a representative of women in her time and shows how women were thought to be a content with the luxuries of modern society without worrying about men 's outside world. However, Nora proves that this idea is entirely wrong. Nora is not a spendthrift as all people think specially her husband. on the contrary, she has a business awareness and she is mature
Most of the crimes committed by women were not related to improved labor market opportunities. Feminist research has shown many female offenders often are single parents and some maybe pregnant resulting in more females receiving lesser sentences rather than imprisonment, as the courts have the added responsibility of children to consider. As far as the c...