A History of African Americans after Reconstruction

In Struggle : SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s. United States of America, Boston: Harvard University Press. page 9 23. j. garrow,D (2004). Bearing the cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New york: HarperCollins .

He further explains why the anti slavery movement for women’s rights and the emergence of the Civil War were important. Later on, the author discusses how the Civil War was caused by abolitionists and how they were termed as irrelevant. The book explores how the abolitionists movements struggled to end slavery which led to the emergence of the Civil War. The major contention of this book is that it addresses how the abolitionist movement helped end slavery and caused the emergence of the Civil War. The anti-slavery movement was very active in the United States and was fighting for the rights of the African Americans who were slaves in the land of America.

• Quarles, Benjamin. The Negro in the Civil War. Boston: Little, Brown, 1969. • Wesley, Charles H. Afro-Americans in the Civil War: From Slavery to Citizenship. 1979 ed.

The American Narrative includes a number of incidents throughout American history, which have shaped the nation into what it is today. One of the significant issues that emerged was slavery, and the consequent emancipation of the slaves, which brought much confusion regarding the identification of these new citizens and whether they fit into the American Narrative as it stood. In The Souls of Black Folk, W.E.B Dubois introduces the concept of double consciousness as “the sense of always looking at one’s self through the eyes of others” (Dubois 3). This later became the standard for describing the African-American narrative because of the racial identification spectrum it formed. The question of double consciousness is whether African-Americans can identify themselves as American, or whether the African designation separates them from the rest of society.

Black Panther Party - Further Readings (accessed September 7, 2011). Kelley, Robin D.G., and Earl Lewis. To Make Our World Anew: A History of African Americans From 1880. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Leidner, Gordon.

Brink, William and Harris, Louis. Black and White. New York: Simon and Schuster. 1967. Button, James W. Blacks and Social Change: Impact of the Civil Rights Movement in the Southern Communities.

The question is, is how did they do it? Who stood up for them? How did African Americans overcome the epochs of oppression? In this paper I will examine the answer, Black Nationalism, its advocates and additional sources, which it was comprised of. The precursor which led to Black Nationalism was the Harlem Renaissance which was an era of new beginning for African Americans through expl... ... middle of paper ... ...tury.

The civil rights movement killed Jim Crow, but shadows remained. Affirmative Action created opportunities, but racism continues. So why shouldn't the great-great grandchildren of those who worked for free and were deprived of education and were kept in bondage not be compensated? Why should American taxpayers who never owned slaves pay for the sins of ancestors they don't even know? Ask one question and it leads to another.

Civil War Boston: Homefront and Battlefield. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1997. Quarles, Benjamin. The Negro in the Civil War. New York: Da Capo Press, 1953.

Web 6 May 2015.. Egerton, Douglas R. Death or Liberty: African Americans and Revolutionary America. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Goldman, Hal. 1997. "Black Citizenship and Military Self-Presentation in Antebellum Massachusetts."