Grizzly Bear Management in British Columbia
Grizzly bears in British Columbia represent many things to different people. To a large percentage of the population, they represent all that is still wild about our province, a link to the past before humans came and logged much of the forests, put roads over the mountains, and dammed the rivers. This view of grizzly bears as somewhat of a ‘flagship’ species is reflected in the naming by environmental groups of the large wilderness area of the Central Coast as the Great Bear Rainforest. Certainly there are many other species that inhabit the coastal rainforests from the Upper Squamish Valley north to the Alaska Panhandle, such as blacktail deer, Pacific salmon, and grey wolves, but it is the grizzly bear that is the symbol that is attached to this area by people the world over. It is the presence of healthy grizzly bear populations that displays a preservation and care for our forests to the world, and it is for this reason that there are strong pressures on those who manage grizzly bear populations in B.C. to protect them from future declines in population and range.
The grizzly bear, a kind of omnivorous animals who consume moose, fishes, “leaves, nuts, and seasonal fruits,” (Grizzly Bear) are “the largest of all bears in the world” (Grizzly Bear), particularly in Canada which primitively has “approximately 25,000” (Grizzly Bears) grizzly bears in British Columbia. Nonetheless, as a result of the hunting rush, the amount of grizzly bears as “majestic symbols of the wild” (Basic Facts About Grizzly Bears) plummeted by up to “15,075” (Grizzly Bears) in British Columbia in 2012. Meanwhile, in other ranges and countries, the number of grizzly bears had diverse degree of decrease so that grizzly bears were “designated, or listed, as threatened with extinction in 1975” (Grizzly Bears & the Endangered Species
Hays, Scott. "Pros & Cons of Pay for Performance." Workforce 78, Number 2 (February 1997): 68-72
The lush grasslands of North American grasslands spread throughout the United States Great Plains. The grasslands supply a home to many plants, species, and endangered species, such as the Northern Swift Fox, Vulpes Velox. The grasslands provide a beautiful habitat for the many species of wildlife to thrive and live because of the tall, mixed grass, Rocky Mountains, fertile soil, rainfall, and moderate temperatures. The conservation of the species of these grasslands have become extremely important, because if one endangered species such as the small, speedy Northern Swift Fox went extinct, horrible effects will occur. The grasslands provide a wonderful environment for the many plant and animal species, like the Northern Swift Fox, to enjoy.
Frydman, C., & Saks, R. E. (2010). Executive Compensation: A New View from a Long-Term Perspective, 1936-2005. Review Of Financial Studies, 23(5), 2099-2138.
The Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus) is an apex predator, which free ranged the deciduous, coniferous, and boreal forest of North America and Canada, since the 1700’s (National Park Service 2013). Unfortunately, European settlers began occupying much of the land that gray wolves habited (Weiss et al. 2007). By the latter half of the 1800’s, a full scale war was waged against the gray wolf (Perry 2012). This was attributed to European settlers over hunting bison, which at the time was one of the wolves primary food sources (Perry 2012). According to Perry (2012), the wolves began relying on game species and rancher’s livestock to sustain their diet. This led to extensive predator control by ranchers, hunters, and the federal government (Smith et al. 2011). According to Smith et al. (2011), by 1927 the gray wolf population was on the verge of extinction in North America. It was not until 1973 with the passage of the Endangered Species Act, that gray wolves would finally become protected species. (Perry 2012). The ESA of 1973 essential paved the way for the re-introduction of the gray wolf back ...
million, 61% are retired workers, 17% are survivors of deceased workers, 12% are spouses and
The deer (Odocoileus spp.) may be one of the most valued and the most viewed mammalian wildlife species in North America. Millions of outdoor visitors savor the sights of deer and try to capture them on film. State fish and game agencies regard deer as a renewable, harvestable resource for viewing and hunting. Sport hunters annually bag about 1 million mule deer (O. hemionus) and 2 million white-tailed deer (O. virginianus). However, deer may cause profound damage by browsing on garden vegetables, flowers, ornamental bushes, and crops. Collisions of automobiles with deer in some areas of the country have increased to alarming levels. In some national parks, deer are a natural resource that may have to be managed. About 50 units in the National Park System in the eastern United States and in the Midwest have identified possible or potential conflicts between the management goals and objectives of parks and white-tailed deer.
Introduction
Yellowstone National Park is located primarily in Wyoming but also extends into Montana and Idaho (Figure 1). Established in 1872, it is thought to be the first National Park in the world (Russell et al. 2004). The park spans an area of 3,468 squares miles and includes lakes, canyons, rivers and mountain ranges. Yellowstone Park has a large number of megafauna in its region, including the gray wolf. Even when Yellowstone was created, the gray wolf population was already in decline.
Wildlife Preservation in Thinking Like a Mountain
In Thinking Like a Mountain, the author, Aldo Leopold, writes of the importance of wildlife preservation through examples of the symbiotic relationship of animals and plant-life with a mountain. He asks the reader to perceive the processes of a mountainous environment in an unusual way. Aldo Leopold wants the reader to "think" like a mountain instead of thinking of only the immediate, or as the hunter did. Taking away one feature of an ecosystem may eventually destroy everything else that that environment is composed of.