3.1 denotation definition Network topology can be formulated as an undirected graph G P P P P V , ( E ,W ) , where V P to be a node set comprised of IP routers or hosts and E P is a link set comprised of physical links. W P is the distance of physical link. In contrast, routing topology is formulated as an undirected graph G R R R R V , ( E ,W ) , where V R to be a node set comprised of traffic demand node pairs (source and destination nodes) and E R is a link set comprised of routing links. W R is the traffic payload which the links carry. Notation definition: N ：the number of network nodes. L ：the number of network links. P ：the set of serial number comprised of all the node pairs, notating P = {1,2,..., j..., N (N − 1) / 2} C : the matrix of traffic demands, C= cj}, ⎧1 If a connection is exists between the jth node pair c j = ⎨ ⎩0 Else i R ： the matrix of routing path R={r j }，1≤i≤L i ⎧1 If link ei is selected by routing path r j = ⎨ between the jth node pair ⎩0 Else P(e i ) ：the serial number set of all node pairs traversing link e i Load(ei) ：the payload of network traffic over link i , which is equal to the number of traffic connections traversing link i . Load(e ) =| P(e )|. To discuss this problem simply, all of the traffic demands between the same node pair are regarded as one connection. 3.2 The Algorithm of routing topology In this section we discuss the routing algorithm based on the minimum distance path, and an algorithm for constructing routing topology is proposed below: 1) Constructing matrix R of routing path. According to Dijkstra algorithm and network topology G =(Vp, Ep,Wp), all the short paths between node pairs of set P can be achieved. We denote r... ... middle of paper ... ...d link importance in Networks." Reliability, IEEE Transactions on 49.3 (2000): 322. Sanso, Brunilde, and François Soumis. "Communication and transportation network reliability using routing models." Reliability, IEEE Transactions on 40.1 (1991): 29-38. Jin, Cong, and Shu-Wei Jin. "Invulnerability assessment for mobile Ad Hoc networks." Power Electronics and Intelligent Transportation System, 2008. PEITS'08. Workshop on. IEEE, 2008. Jiang, Yu, et al. "Example of analyzing the characteristics of a large scale ISP topology measured from multiple vantage points." Ruan Jian Xue Bao(J. Softw.)16.5 (2005): 846-856. Wu, Jun, and Yue-Jin Tan. "Study on measure of complex network invulnerability." Journal of Systems Engineering 2 (2005): 003. Weiming, Xiong, and Liu Youheng. "On the Reliability of Communication Networks——A Review." Journal of China Institute of 4 (1990): 006.
The routing protocols for UWSNs can be categorized into two classes according to the preconditions they assume:
Routing scheme means to find a path from once place to another on which packets can travel. In most of the cases, we need multiple routers in order to route the packet to the destination. Routing contains three elements:
“Network topology is the arrangement of the various network elements such as node, link, of computer network. Basically, it is topological structure of a network which ether be physically or logically.”
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Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state routing protocol which uses link state routing algorithm for Internet Protocol (IP) networks.Using OSPF, th convergence of a network can be done in very few seconds, loop-free paths can be guaranteed and better load-sharing on external links can be achievd. Every change in the topology of the network is identified within seconds using OSPF and it instantaneously computes the “shortest path tree” for every route using “Dijkstra's algorithm” . For that reason, OSPF requires a router which have a more powerful processor and more memory than any other routing protocols which leads to more elect...
Modern internet technology is introduced into new vehicles as a safety feature. One recent idea is having connectivity between vehicles. Ankeeta Patel of Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology presents the
It just doesn't get much simpler than the physical bus topology when it comes to connecting nodes on a Local Area Network (LAN). The most common implementation of a linear bus topology is IEEE 802.3 Ethernet. All devices in a bus topology are connected to a single cable called the bus, backbone, or ether. The transmission medium has a physical beginning and an end. All connections must be terminated with a resistor to keep data transmissions from being mistaken as network traffic. The terminating resistor must match the impedance of the cable.
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The Internet consists of a three level hierarchy composed of backbone networks (e.g. ARPAnet, NSFNet, MILNET), mid-level networks, and stub networks. These include commercial (.com or .co), university (.ac or .edu) and other research networks (.org, .net) and military (.mil) networks and span many different physical networks around the world with various protocols, chiefly the Internet Protocol.
Networks in organisation are dynamic and complex entities which can be quite challenging to configure and manage. (Kim & Feamster 2013). These corporate networks consist of multiple routers, switches, firewalls, middleboxes and a particular advantage of network management is the ability to monitor the entire business network. As all the devices are interconnected with many event occurring simultaneously, problems with once device can eventually lead and spread throughout...
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Despite its simplicity and reliability the bus network does have several limitations. The cable length of the bus is limited due to data loss. Also, a bus network may have performance issues if the nodes are located a...