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Reasons why cloning should be allowed
Reasons why cloning should be allowed
Pro and con statements on cloning
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Humans have used cloning techniques for thousands of years. We have taken plant stems or part of it’s root and developed those parts into a separate but genetically identical plants. These methods of cloning are not seen as strange. In fact, many vegetable and fruits are grown using these cloning methods to produce offsprings identical to an exceptional plant. However, cloning, which started as a farming method, has now become a major source of debate due to breakthroughs in the biology field. When scientist created Dolly the sheep, cloning took a giant step forward. What separated Dolly from other cloned animals, other than the media’s coverage, was the fact that she was a mammal. Dolly’s successful cloning was not only cloning’s first “hello” to the world, but it also implanted the idea of human cloning and lead to discussion of the involved implications. Currently, human cloning is not possible due to limitations in science. However, for the sake of debate, let us assume that human cloning methods are safe and reliable. Human cloning is opposed for varying ethical and moral reasons. While there are countless different arguments, this paper will examine arguments involving clone rights to human dignity and human rights to use cloning methods as a means to reproduce.
A common argument used by those against human cloning states that cloned humans would have a lessened sense of individuality because they would share their genetic code with others and would therefore not be unique. This argument is seriously flawed at best. To agree with this, one would have to believe life experiences did not alter the person they are. An excerpt taken An argument Against Cloning goes further and compares clones to identical twins by stating this...
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... they will more easily relate to due to either physical characteristics or passed down mannerisms. While genetics may not determine a child's political views, they do however play a much larger role than Levy and Lotz suggest.
Conclusion
Bibliography
Harris, John. ""Goodbye Dolly?" The Ethics of Human Cloning." "Goodbye Dolly?" The Ethics of Human Cloning. 23.6 (1997): 353-360. Web. 15 Nov. 2013.
Levey, Neil, and Lotz Mianna. "REPRODUCTIVE CLONING AND A (KIND OF) GENETIC FALLACY." Bioethics. 19.3 (2005): 232-250. Web. 19 Nov. 2013.
Sameroff, Arnold . "A Unified Theory of Development: A Dialectic Integration of Nature and Nurture." Child Development. 81. (2010): 6–22. Web. 19 Nov. 2013.
Ahlberg, Jaime, and Harry Brighouse. "An Argument Against Cloning." Canadian Journal Of Philosophy 40.4 (2010): 539-566. Academic Search Premier. Web. 19 Nov. 2013.
Silver’s argument illustrates to his audience that reproductive cloning deems permissible, but most people of today’s society frown upon reproductive cloning and don’t accept it. He believes that each individual has the right to whether or not they would want to participate in reproductive cloning because it is their reproductive right. However, those who participate in cloning run the risk of other’s imposing on their reproductive rights, but the risk would be worth it to have their own child.
Davies, Kevin. "Nature vs. Nurture Revisited." PBS. 17 Apr. 2001. PBS. 28 Mar. 2012 .
McGee, Glenn, (2001). Primer on Ethics and Human Cloning. ActionBioscience.org. Retrieved October 3, 2004, from: http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotech/mcgee.html
To start, it is important to understand what cloning is and the process that makes it possible. As defined by Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, cloning is “one that appears to be a copy of an original form” (233). In layman’s terms, human cloning is using medical procedures to make an exact genetic copy of an already existing or previously existing person. The process for cloning entails a method called Somatic cell nuclear transfer, or SCNT. According to The University of Utah’s Genetic Science Learning Center the way SCNT is performed is “an egg cell's single set of chromosomes is removed. It is replaced by the nucleus from a somatic cell, which already contains two complete sets of chromosomes” (Genetic). Now that the egg has a complete DNA configuration, it is allowed to grow and the being that is engendered is a clone. Though the original human and the clone will have the same genome, they will not be exactly the same person. As Wray Herbert points out, there will be differences in personality an...
Cloning has been a controversial topic since the time it was introduced, prompting questions of ethics. Although it has been unintentionally in use for thousands of years, it was first brought about in the 1960’s. As more and more discoveries have been gained since then, numerous uncertainties continue to be raised among scientists, politicians, and anyone interested in the issue. While the idea of cloning is intriguing and polarizing, there is a fine like that defines what is and isn’t ethical; it is moral to clone cells for research development and plants for agricultural desires, but it is in no way acceptable to clone humans and animals for reproductive reasons.
Imagine a world where everyone looked like you and was related to you as a sibling, cousin, or any form of relation, wouldn’t that be freaky? Although cloning is not an important issue presently, it could potentially replace sexual reproduction as our method of producing children. Cloning is a dangerous possibility because it could lead to an over-emphasis on the importance of the genotype, no guaranteed live births, and present risks to both the cloned child and surrogate mother. It also violates the biological parent-child relationship and can cause the destruction of the normal structure of a family. The cloning of the deceased is another problem with cloning because it displays the inability of the parents to accept the child’s death and does not ensure a successful procedure. Along with the risks, there are benefits to Human Reproductive Cloning. It allows couples who cannot have a baby otherwise to enjoy parenthood and have a child who is directly related to them. It also limits the risk of transmitting genetic diseases to the cloned child and the risk of genetic defects in the cloned child. Although the government has banned Human Reproductive Cloning, the issue will eventually come to the surface and force us to consider the 1st commandment of God, all men are equal in the eyes of god, but does this also include clones? That is the question that we must answer in the near future in order to resolve a controversy that has plagued us for many years.
Postrel, Virginia. “Should Human Cloning Be Allowed? Yes, Don’t Impede Medical Progress.” In Dynamic Argument. Ed. Robert Lamm and Justin Everett. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2007. 420-23.
Herbert, Wray. The World After Cloning. U.S. News and World Report. March 10, 1997: 59-64.
8. Pellegrino, Edmund D., “Human Cloning and Human Dignity.” The President’s Council on Bioethics. 22 July 2007
Myers, D.G. (2010). Social Development . In D. Kasowitz ( Ed.) , Psychology (p. 200-201).
Human cloning destroys individuality and uniqueness. “What makes people unique is the fact that we have different genes and cloning would lose these important parts of our bodies makeup.” There would be less of a variety of people and everyone would be the same. This would not only be the good qualities, but also the bad that would pass on. Since clones and the original donor will look alike and have the same DNA, it would be nearly impossible to tell the difference. Overtime, they would lose their individuality and uniqueness. For example, say a crime was committed.
...obert Plomin, D. W. (1997). Nature, Nurture, and Cognitive Development from 1 to 16 Years:
"Human Cloning and Human Dignity: An Ethical Inquiry." The President's Council on Bioethics Washington, D.C. N.p., July-Aug. 2002. Web.
Wood, A. E., Wood, E. G., & Boyd, D. (2007). Child development: The world of psychology.
Child growth and development is a process that consists of some building blocks, which are components that combine in an infinite number of ways (Cherry, n.d.). As a result of the variations of building blocks in a child’s development, educators, psychologists, and philosophers have been constantly engaged in the debate of nature versus nurture debate. Many researchers agree that child development is a complex interaction between his/her genetic background (nature) and his/her environment (nurture). In essence, some developmental aspects are strongly affected by biology whereas other aspects are influenced by environmental factors. From the onset of an individu...