Albizzia chinensis, Stereospermum tetragonum, Mussaenda macrophylla and Callicarpa arborea are used traditionally by the local peoples of Mizoram, northeast India intended for the management of fairly a lot of ailments (skin diseases, fish poison, as antipyretic, snake bites and in abdominal colic). Mizoram is recognized as a biodiversity hotspot having wide variety of medicinal plants used for treatment of range of ailments by local population but the scientific information on their bioactivity and medicinal wealth is not considered. Study was initiated to screen antimicrobial properties, and reducing properties of these plants in different organic extracts. Total phenol content of extracts is determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay. In- vitro Antioxidant activity measured by FRAP method. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content varies among all the screened plants. S. tetragonum showed highest Antioxidant activity where as Albizzia chinensis showed highest total phenolic contents. The total phenolic content of A. chinensis leaves ranged from 13.282 to 42.714 mg GAE / g DW. For antibacterial screening one gram(+) bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus -MTCC 960) and one gram(-) bacterium (Escherichia coli- MTCC 739) were used whereas for antifungal tests, two plant pathogenic fungi namely Fusarium graminarum (MTCC-1893) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (MTCC-2791) were used. The ethanolic extract of A. chinensis showed highest antibacterial (14 mm and 12 mm respectively) activity against both tested bacteria. High superoxide dismutase (9.235±0.586), catalase (93.212±1.046) and Ascorbic acid oxidase (1.663±0.242) activity was also recorded in A. chinensis. In this study we concluded that A. chinensis is having high anti...
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...ng ability due to their hydroxyl group and directly contribute to the antioxidant action. It is suggested that polyphenolic compounds have inhibitory effects on mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in human beings [7]. An antioxidant will slower down or preventing the oxidation of other molecules, which produces free radicals, which start chain reactions that break cells. Antioxidants can remove free radical intermediates and thereby stop the reaction [8].
The aim of this study was to investigate the total phenol content, ferric reducing activity/in vitro antioxidant power and antimicrobial properties of Albizzia chinansis, Stereospermum tetragonum, Mussaenda macrophylla, Callicarpa arborea. Here we report the results of such studies in order to make acquainted for future investigations towards the finding of new, potent and safe antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds.
Phenolic acids are secondary plant metabolites widely distributed in foods, especially fruits and vegetables. In recent years, phenolic acids have attracted a lot of attention because they exist ubiquitously in plants and play protective roles. Phenolic acids possess interesting biological properties, (Beilin, Stocker, & Croft, 1997) that render them interesting to study. They are widespread in crops such as fruits, vegetables, herbs, grains, and seeds and derived foods such as juices, wines, and oils, (Graf, Ameho, Dolnokowski, Milbuty, Chen, & Blumberg, 2006). Phenolic compounds play a key role in thwarting the negative impacts of oxygen and nitrogen reactive species (ROS/RNS), maintaining the redox homeostasis of biological fluids and preventing conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and other degenerative pathologies, such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, (Shahrzad & Bitsch, 1998).
In 1896 the scientist Beatson reported that the removal of the ovaries resulted in the reduction of breast cancer tumours (Russo and Irma 1998). Breast cancer is a malignant, metastasizing cancer of the mammary gland. It is the leading cause of death in woman between the ages of 35 - 45. Breast cancer can also occur in males, although less frequent, around 400 men die each year from breast cancer in the united states. (Martini, F., 2004). Studies on rats have shown considerable evidence that rat oestrogens are mammary carcinogens. Oestrogens have shown to stimulate the hormone prolactin. Through studies involving the use of antioestrogens, for example, tamoxifen, "Tamoxifen alone or in combination with the retina all trans-N-(4 hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide (4-HPR) reduces the incidence of NMU-induced mammary tumours in Sprague-Dawley rats." (Jane M. Ussher Ph.D. 1996). This suggests that Oestrogens and Prolactin's can have the effect of the development of breast cancer since the pathogenesis of spontaneous breast cancer in humans is similar to that of chemical-induced rodent mammary cancer. (Jane M. Ussher
Microbial pigments have antioxidant activity because of their biological functions.and these pigments are Carotenoid ,naphthaquinone,and Violacein.
A Review on Impacts of Genetically Modified Food on Human Health. Open Nutraceuticals Journal, 4. This paper give the concept that genetic engineering provides a means to introduce genes into plants that are different in some respects from classical breeding. Gene transfer in animals will play a part in boundless possibilities of improving qualitative and quantitative traits. If the yield has negative effects of gene technology on animals, human, and environment should be considered.
In the past decades the incidence of heart disease has increased, about three million people dying of cardiovascular disease in China per year (according to statistics from the Ministry of Public Health of China), which draws people’s great concern to find ways to take precautions. With the development of element analytical method, some types of chemical substances that are beneficial to cardiac health have been found. Lycopene is a very popular natural anti-oxidants found in recent years (Dai, 2011), as well as capsaicin and dietary fiber. Whilst some research focuses on the mechanism of action, little attention has been paid to usability issues, in particular to the generalization of health-giving chemical substances in ordinary meals. There is a lot of evidence that vegetables can positively contribute to prevent heart diseases, by supplying biologically active components. This article continues previous research in the field of Biochemistry and Medical Science, mainly trying to study the effective components which can prevent heart disease in edible vegetables.
New measures in our lifestyle and some nutritional supplements can help us to control the effects of both epigenetics and genetics. Some of the first step to minimize the damage is to avoid environmental chemicals. Changes in our DNA can be related to exposure to environmental toxins such as BPA, pesticides, solvents, etc. we are not only exposed to this toxins through water or food, but also through cosmetics, hair dyer, or sunscreen.
26. Chanda Sumitra, Dudhatra Sandeep , Kaneria Mital. Antioxidative and antibacterial effects of seeds and fruit rind of nutraceutical plants belonging to the Fabaceae family. Journal of The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010.
...it. Such as apples, apples contain a high dosage of vitamin C and photochemical that can lower the risk of getting breast cancer. Apples also lower the risk of getting stomach, mouth, pharynx, and larynx cancer. It was studied that if the average human ate at least one apple a day the chance of getting cancer would be slimmed down by a third. Drinking coffee can also help prevent kidney, pancreatic, and endometrial cancer.
DK family encyclopaedia 8. Foods that harm foods that heal, Readers Digest
Generally, antioxidants can be divided into natural and synthetic antioxidants. Natural antioxidants are normally found in the plant extracts which are believed to exhibit strong antioxidant activity and protection against oxidant-induced damage such as diabetes, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disease (Maganha et al. 2010). Plants, fruits and vegetables are all known to be rich sources of natural antioxidants due to the presence of phenolic compounds, which are the secondary metabolites in plants (Misan 2010; Arya and Yadav 2011). Polyphenols, or phenolic compounds, constitute one of the most numerous and widely-distributed groups of substances in the plant kingdom (Urquiaga and Leighton 2000; Gan et al. 2010). They exist naturally in the form of glycosylated which makes them the most common water-soluble antioxidant compounds present in plants ...
Lindberg, D. (n.d.). Herbal Medicine: MedlinePlus. U.S National Library of Medicine. Retrieved May 7, 2014, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/herbal
Your chance of getting cancer from exposure to a chemical, however, like your chance of being killed in a vehicle accident, is not as easy to understand. This is because conditions that affect your chance are always changing. In the case of a vehicle accident, the road may be slippery, you or another driver may be drunk, your car or another vehicle may get a blow out at high speed, someone may fall asleep at the wheel, someone may throw a rock from an overpass, or an airplane may fall from the sky. All of these conditions and many more affect the chance of being involved in an accident. Sometimes you can control the conditions effectively, but most of the time you can't.
Aims and objectives we have to find out the activity of these oils against some bacteria and fungi and the compounds responsible for the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of oils and also check the acid value, saponification value of these oils.
There is a large body of research into herbal medicines. Great progress has been made in the isolation and identification of the constituents of medicinal plants using high pressure liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Research to identify the main active components is carried out either in a search for new drugs or to enable claims to be made for proprietary herbal preparations. Medicinal plants have been generally shown to have not one but a combination of active principles. Once these principles are found, the next step is learning how to synthesize it
Today people are becoming more aware of the advantages of using natural health products. Apart from it being a cost-efficient solution to maintain and attain healthier body, the products made from herbal and natural ingredients offer a myriad of benefits compared to those made from chemical and artificial ingredients. The followi...