Abstract—Present era is the era of automation and control system. Because modern technology is largely depends on automation and control system. Automation and control system refers the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching on telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft, automobile and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. The greatest advantage of automation and control system is that it saves labor. However, it is also used to save energy and materials and to improve quality, accuracy and precision. Because of these advantages, nowadays automation and control system is using in every sector. …show more content…
For the proper emissions control, good fuel economy and performance a relatively constant operating temperature is very essential. But problems can arise when the engine run hotter than normal that resulting in engine overheating. Engine overheating is mainly caused by loss of coolant due to leaks in the cooling system. Other causes include a loose or broken fan belt, a defective water pump, clogged water jackets or radiator tubes, blocked radiator airflow, a defective radiator hose and a defective thermostat or fan clutch[1]. Also, late ignition or valve timing, lack of engine oil, overloading the engine or high speed, high-altitude or hot-climate operation can cause engine overheating[4]. Freezing of the coolant could cause lack of the coolant circulation so that local hot spots and boiling develop. If a faulty TCS (Transmission-Controlled Spark) system prevents vacuum advance in any gear, or if the distributor vacuum advance is defective, overheating may result. Idling and slow-moving traffic can also cause the engine to overheat when combined with other problems[2]. If the engine is overheated for one of those problems, it may start to detonate. Then, engine may rattle and ping and lose power. If detonation occurs continuously, it may damage the rings, pistons and rod bearings. Overheating may cause piston scuffing. Engine overheating can cause an overhead cam to seize and break. …show more content…
Pin 2,3,4,6,11,12,13 of micro-controller AT mega 8 is connected with LCD via variable resistor. In temperature sensor pin 1, 2 and 3 are GND, DQ and VCC respectively. Pin 14 of micro-controller is directly connected with pin 2 DQ of temperature sensor. In temperature sensor pin 3 VCC is connected to the pin 2 DQ via 4.7k resistor and pin 1 is ground. Pin 15 and 16 of micro-controller is connected to the buzzer and LED respectively.
Figure 3. Circuit diagram when LED and Buzzer off When temperature is greater than 69, buzzer and LED at flip-flop stage i.e. LED blinking and buzzer on-off (Figure 3). When temperature is greater than 79 buzzer and LED continuously on stage (Figure 4).Here any temperature can be set. Outside that condition the system is continuously show operating temperature of engine (Figure 5). Figure 4. Circuit diagram when LED and Buzzer on flip-flop state
V. HARDWARE DEVELOPEMENT AND
Production has also been economised by the introduction automated production with continual processes. This allows an easy and flexible method to
This requires the engine to have a state-of-the-art coolant system. Big tunnels through the perimeter of the engine allows coolant to flow all around the motor at all times and keep the engine cool. The radiator is also much thicker from the factory, and is angled at 45 degrees in the engine bay to maximize air flow. The number one reason why these engines stop functioning is due to a problem with the coolant system.
We must first begin the today’s lab by connecting the thermometer that digitally detects surrounding temperature to the Lab Pro Interface located on the computer via...
The development of the manufacturing industry, quality and control, manufacturing capacity increase or the duration and the need to reduce cost has arisen is inevitable. Thus automation and programming concepts were started years ago. Automation is a machine's operative procedures and their sequence start form beginnig to end without human intervention, and its done automatically. Programming of the sequence of operations is prerared and tranfered to the counter. A bench during the operation of the program, and in the process, this will provide for amendments to the alignment and speed, then the counter is called flexibility.
When people think of robots, an image of a mechanical, stiff, talking, moving, human-like machine might come to mind. Robots are, in fact, computerized machines that are ultimately utilized to simplify larger scale tasks. They include control machines, computer controllers, or microprocessor-based automated systems just to name a few. The ultimate goal of industrial engineering is to expedite processes; therefore, with such developed and modern technology, the manufacturing process is more efficient, cost effective, and there is almost no human error. With all its benefits, the automation and robotics movement has made way for new features and greater prospects in economic terms for large-scale firms.
The need of a bite of automation in SME's becomes a key reason for the huge demand of AVG in the various industrial field. High degree of accuracy and precision to minimize the error and improved lead time, extreme flexibility over other available material handling system makes it a popular and highly preferred material handling option in SME's. It can be adopted any environment and cheap among autonomous robot. There is a significant amount of difference between theoretical and practical work cycle value of time which can be optimized by adopting different
Is automation “good” or “bad”? There are arguments on both sides of this issue. On one hand, the cost of production on a per item basis is generally low, on the other hand it is often said that automation takes jobs from people. In the old days manufacturing and fabrication were all done by hand by people. Now that computers and technology have succeeded in the industry, automation has become the competitive advantage in today’s manufacturing world. Automation has allowed for companies to mass produce products at outstanding speeds and with great quality. Although automation is constantly setting the standards for the American workplace and has many advantages, there are also negative aspects about automation. Automation has face some
Though mechanization helps achieving speeds and reducing manual activity, it is still controlled by human being. Whereas automation is generally a self regulating and self controlled system.
●Problems that are experienced with the engine of the Eagle Talon is that it often will not start even though the engine turns over efficiently and
Oxygen Sensors –A bad O2 sensor can cause your Check Engine Light to come on and cause you to lose engine performance and fuel efficiency. This part gets really hot, so it does wear out over time. Replace it and get your gas mileage back. We stock sensors, valves and other emission parts.
Today the technological world has developed and has continued to innovate to provide an easier lifestyle. This is the main focus of automation. Automation has gained more recognition from people in the business and industrial sectors. The purpose of this report is to discuss and inform the overview knowledge in the automation field. “Automation is the system of manufacture designed to extend the capacity of machines to perform certain tasks formerly done by humans, and to control sequences of operations without human intervention” (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 2017, p. 1). Humans are capable of such incredible things and have improved throughout time even develop automated technology to do those tasks. Automation and the technology
Automation started out as an assembly line of workers doing the same repetitive task all day long. Some of the jobs were very boring, dirty, unpleasant, and possibly dangerous. After the introduction of the first robot in 1961, automation began to advance in ways people could only imagine.
In today's society, robots come in different types and qualities, and robots’ use was mainly in the laboratories and factories; however, that has drastically changed where their uses are changing at a high speed. In addition to that, they have spread throughout the world. The main function of robots is to replace the work that people used to do, or perform tasks that man cannot. A robot is a mechanical or virtual device that uses a computer program, or electronic circuitry, to carry out its functions. In modern science, robotics refers to the study of robots is robotics, which deals with designing, constructing, operating, and using robots and computer systems for controlling and processing information and providing feedbacks. However, as much as robots replace human labor, individuals or organizations can use them in dangerous environments that might be harmful and beneficial to humans. Therefore, to understand the logic behind the creation of robots, one should learn the pros and cons of robotics, in the current society. This is because people are using this technology without having a deep understanding of its effects. However, an objective evaluation of the use of robots, in the modern society, shows that they have a positive influence on human beings, but if the robots were overused, it could lead to a negative side. which shows why human beings should use robots wisely that will result an improvement to their societies and own lives. Robots have become interactive equipment whereby they have become part of human life. In this regard, people use them directly or indirectly to enhance the quality of their lives. However, Sharkey argues that there are ethical issues that arise because of using robots to enhance hu...
The use of robot has created a great impact on human lives and made them easier. Today human efforts have been reduced so much that all heavy load work can be done with the help of robots. Robots often use computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information
Robots are one of the artificial intelligence that made a breakthrough across all fields of life. In consequence, many research studies and projects regarding robots took place in the last decade. In addition, robots in the society could be one of the essential machines, due to their multitask system which could adjusted to any kind of performance. In general society could use these machines to fill manpower gap in short time with less cost. Therefore, robots can have huge positive effects on different fields of life such as emergency situations, daily chores, and manufacturing industry.