The Epigenetic Principle and Success
Human development can be described as an assembly line in the factory of life. Although we can try our best to understand the machines that propel the product down the line, all we know is what can be seen from outside the gates. There are several theories pertaining to how the factory operates, but we have no way of entering it. Some of the best theories come from Abraham Maslow and Erik Erikson who's conclusions relate well to the majority of humans. Maslow and Erikson both believe in a linear progression when it comes to human development. The main concept that binds these two theories are the epigenetic principle, which states that stages are mandatory, and must be met in order to proceed.
Abraham Maslow was a psychologist who had a humanistic approach to human development. Maslow believed that humans are internally motivated to achieve certain needs before others, this theory became known as the hierarchy of needs. The earliest and most widespread version of Maslow's hierarchy of needs emerged in 1943 and includes five motivational needs. These needs were placed inside a pyramid to illustrate that one need must be fulfilled to climb to the next. This five stage model can be divided into two categories, deficiency and growth needs.
The base and next three layers are all under the category of deficiency needs. The base of the pyramid is labeled physiological needs and includes air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex and sleep. These are all biological and physiological needs that must be met in order to move to the second level of the pyramid. “It is quite true that man lives by bread alone — when there is no bread. But what happens to man’s desires when there is plenty of bread an...
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... was that, as a teacher I need to take time to evaluate my students. Students who are acting out or committing acts like cheating are not inherently bad. In fact most kids that act like that are just crying for help. If I can make it my goal to listen for these cries for help, I can help my students with their own development. I hope that I can remember this as a move forward in my career and deal with issues similar to my own.
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Boeree, George C., Dr. "Erik Erikson." Erik Erikson. Webspace.ship.edu, 2009. Web. 25 Apr. 2014.
Cherry, Kendra. "Hierarchy of Needs." About.com Psychology. About.com, n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2014.
McLeod, S. A. (2007). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/maslow.html
McLeod, S. A. (2008). Erik Erikson. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik- Erikson.html.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory that includes a five level pyramid of basic human
Maslow believed that there was a hierarchy of five innate needs that influence people’s behaviors (Schultz & Schultz, 2013, p.246-247). In a pyramid fashion, at the base are physiological needs, followed by safety needs, then belonginess and love needs, succeeded by esteem needs, and finally the need for self-actualization. Maslow claimed that lower order needs must be at least partially satisfied before higher level needs are addressed. Furthermore, behavior is dominated by solely one need
The physiological level, which is at the bottom of the pyramid, must be carried out first in order to reach the top level of self-actualization. Some of the needs in this level are food, water, air, shelter, and sleep. These certain needs are what the man and the boy are searching for throughout the entire book. In the bottom level of
Psychologist Abraham Maslow created the hierarchy of needs, outlining and suggesting what a person need to reach self-actualization and reveal the true potential of themselves. In the model, Maslow propose that a person has to meet basic needs in order to reach the true potential of themselves. Biological/physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging need, esteem needs according to Maslow is the fundamental frame for reaching the peak of self. The last need to be met on the scale
The hierarchy of needs is frequently represented in the shape of a pyramid and is broken up into 5 separate stages with the main, most important levels of necessities at the bottom and the need for self-actualization
Physiological needs are at the bottom of the pyramid and is broken down into many different parts. A person’s most basic need for survival is physical survival and once that level has been achieved you gradually go upwards on the pyramid. Physiological needs are broken down into
Maslow (1943) stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs. When one need is fulfilled, a person seeks to fulfil the next one, and so on. The earliest and most widespread version of Maslow's (1943, 1954) hierarchy of needs includes five motivational needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid.
Abraham Harold Maslow was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was a humanistic psychologist and was best known for “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs” (Good Therapy, 2015). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs includes the following five levels in ascending order: physiological needs at the base, safety and security, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization at the apex of the pyramid. A person must meet their needs in each level before continuing up the pyramid. Those who reach self-actualization know who they want to become in terms of talents, skills, and abilities (Groff & Terhaar,
Epigenetics is the study of both heritable and non-heritable changes in gene translation, which do not stem from mutation. Epigenetic alterations to DNA may occur in several different ways; histone modification, DNA methylations, expression of microRNAs, and changes of the chromatin structure (Ntanasis-Stathopoulos et al). Depending on their presentation, they may be passed on to offspring. The exact mechanism of heritable epigenetic modification has not been discovered, but all of these alterations may have some impact on a wide range of disorders and have far reaching implications in the medical field. The study of epigenetics seeks to answer the age old question of whether nature or nurture is responsible for our phenotype, and it has arrived at the answer that in fact, both are. The discovery of epigenetic changes may lead us to cure many disorders, and even personality problems.
Unlike many of his colleagues at the time who were focusing on psychopathology, or what is wrong with individuals, he focused on how individuals are motivated to fulfill their potential and what needs govern their respective behaviors (McLeod)). Maslow developed the hierarchy over time, adjusting from a rigid structure where needs must be met before being able to achieve a higher level, to where the individuals can experience and behave in ways across the hierarchy multiple times daily depending on their needs. The hierarchy is comprised of 5 levels; Physiological, Safety and Security, Love and Belonging, Esteem, and Self-Actualization. The bottom two levels are considered basic needs, or deficiency needs because once the needs are met they cease to be a driving factor, unlike psychological needs. Loving and Belonging and Esteem needs are considered psychological needs, and are different from basic needs because they don’t stem from a lack of something, but rather the desire to grow. Maslow theorizes that individual’s decisions and behavior are determined based on their current level of needs, and the ideal level to achieve full potential culminates in self-actualization; however, operating on this level cannot be achieved until the preceding levels of needs have been
Abraham Maslow did studies of the basic needs of human beings. He put these needs into a hierarchical order. This means that until the need before it has been satisfied, the following need can not be met (Encyclopedia, 2000). For example, if someone is hungry they are not thinking too much about socializing. In the order from lowest to highest the needs are psychological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization. The first three are classified as lower order needs and the last two are higher order (Hierarchy, 2000). Without meeting these needs workers are not going to be as productive as they could otherwise. The first three are considered to be essential to all humans at all times. The last two have been argued but are mostly considered to be very important as well.
Furthermore, there are three theories which explain the different factors in how employees are motivated based on their needs. The first theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, was proved by Abraham Maslow in the years of 1943 and 1954 (McLeod, 2013). Maslow believed that society developed their motivations depending on their needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a theory in which five motivational needs( self-actualization,esteem, belongingness and love, safety, and psychological) are demonstrated in a hierarchy pyramid. The five motivational needs are divided into three categories(basic, psychological, and
Abraham Maslow was a psychologist who was not satisfied with the way things had always been done and he did not like the way other psychologists viewed people. He believed that individuals have great potential and thought that there had to be more to humans than simply rewards, punishments, and subconscious urges. To Maslow, people were full of positive potential. He developed humanistic psychology, which focuses on the potential of people to become all that they can be. Other psychologists helped develop different elements in humanistic psychology, but Maslow is largely considered to be the father of the humanist movement in psychology. Weiten (2013) mentioned that Maslow argued that humans have an innate drive towards personal growth that is, evolution toward a higher state of being (p. 377). Maslow wanted to understand what motivates an individual, believing that individuals possess a motivational system unrelated to rewards or unconscious desires. Maslow (1943) stated that people are motivated to attain certain needs. When one need is fulfilled, an individual seeks to fulfill the next one. Maslow 's greatest
In 1943, psychologist Abraham Maslow developed a theory of basic human needs: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. His theory suggests that embedded in the very nature of each human being are certain needs that must be attained in order for a person to be whole physically, psychologically, and emotionally. First, there are phys...
Abraham Maslow wrote the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. This theory was based on fulfilling five basic needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. Maslow believed that these needs could create internal pressures that could influence the behavior of a person. (Robbins, p.204)