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reduce the risk of patient harm from fall
reduce the risk of patient harm from fall
fall prevention introduction
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Environmental modifications is a highly recommendable approach which prevents falls and injury’s from occurring. The main approach in this strategy is reducing injury and falls from recognizing and removing environmental hazards. Some hazard reducing modifications consisted of removing extension cords from the base, removing loose mats, and putting in handles on the rampart. Even though this approach is recommendable the effects are not fully established. In this clause, a written report was conducted to provide evidence to clinics, which bears out the effectiveness of environmental modifications.
The method of providing evidence was reading literature, which was 15 years of age or less. The documents he used for his research were case studies, trails, longitudinal studies, and recapitulation. From studying these documents he separated the data he collected into two different classes. These classes were broken up into institutional settings and community contexts.
The effects of the institutional settings were weak because there was a lack of validation tools for the environment, equipment, transferring techniques, and maintenance practices. Nevertheless, they were able to see that those who lived in institutional settings recommended things like increased lighting, non-slick floor surfaces, bed stabilizers, and wheelchair safety. Then Friedberg research discovered that slipper socks provided the ability to prevent falls from slipping in water as an environmental modification. Besides from the research of Healy they were able to see that the type of flooring used in the facility can reduce hazardous conditions. Such as the vinyl floors being used for falls and using carpet that prevents injury from falling.
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...ttings, it is important for an occupational therapist to pay attention to the impact of staffing levels associated with the amount of falls that take place and the staff's ability to adopt the recommendations. Besides, they should look at cost, cleaning issues and the type of modifications. In summation, it is authoritative for the patients to be educated about safety topics in using modifications.
From the literature researched, the writer thinks that environmental modifications along with multifactorial interventions can make a difference for falls that an elderly can receive. Still, he thinks that there should be more research done on environmental assessment tools, flooring, and effective behavioral interventions. On his last thoughts, he believes that strategies should be patient focused and environmental modifications should be developed for that individual.
As people age, they face difficulties with seeing and also with mobility, declines in their physiological systems impact balance, range and speed. These physiological problems can result in falls, which tend to be really problematic for the elderly living alone at home. The Hendrich II Fall Risk Model (HFRM) was used on Mr. T.C to assess his fall risk; this tool is used in acute care facilities to estimate the risk for falls in adults (Hendrich, 2013). The client scored a 6, any score exceeding a 5 is considered a high risk for fall. Being a male is one of the predetermined risk points that make one susceptible of falling as well their symptomatic depression, both which the client falls under. The Get-Up-and-Go Test is also a predetermined risk factor of HFRM; it determines the client’s ability to rise from a seated position. It took the client 3 attempts to fully stand up from a seated position.
...rown C. Does Wearing a Prophylactic Ankle Brace During Drop Landings Affect Lower Extremity Kinematics and Ground Reaction Forces?. Journal Of Applied Biomechanics [serial online]. April 2013;29(2):205-213. Available from: SPORTDiscus with Full Text, Ipswich, MA. Accessed January 26, 2014.
Jones, D., & Whitaker, T. (2011). Preventing falls in older people: assessment and interventions. Nursing Standard, 25(52), 50-55.
Falls in nursing homes residents are associated with morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The centers for Medicare and Medicaid indicate falls as the quality indicator. (Leland, Gozalo, Teno, Mor, 2012). Factors such as new environment, medication, cognition, and non-compliance contribute to falls. A significant number of falls occur from wheelchairs. (Willy, 2013). Newly admitted residents to long-term care facilities are confused with the change. The new environment and the new unfamiliar faces increase the level of anxiety. Pain may also contribute to falls. In order to take tailor made preventative measures, fall risk factors for each resident should be evaluated periodically. Tools scoring risk factors can be utilized.
The National Patient Safety Goal (NPSG) for falls in long term care facilities is to identify which patients are at risk for falling and to take action to prevent falls for these residents. (NPSG.09.02.01). There are five elements of performance for NPSG: 1. Assess the risk for falls, 2. Implement interventions to reduce falls based on the resident’s assessed risk, 3. Educate staff on the fall reduction program in time frames determined by the organization, 4. Educate the resident and, as needed, the family on any individualized fall reduction strategies, and 5. Evaluate the effectiveness of all fall reduction activities, including assessment,
Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario (RNAO). (2005). Prevention of falls and fall injuries in the older adult. Retrieved from http://rnao.ca/sites/rnao-ca/files/Prevention_of_Falls_and_Fall_Injuries_in_the_Older_Adult.pdf
Falls are the leading cause of injuries, disabilities, and deaths among community-dwelling older adults (Moyer, 2012). According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2016), each year one out of three community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or above falls at least once. There is a need to identify effective interventions pertinent to the primary-care setting to prevent falls among older adults living in the community. The guideline titled “Prevention of falls in community-dwelling older adults: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement” is focused on determining the effectiveness and harms of different fall-prevention interventions relevant to primary care for adults aged 65 years or above (Moyer,
After a patient experiences first fall, they develop a fear of falling. Having a fear of falling may cause the patient to limit their activities such as mobility and decrease in physical mobility which could potentially increase the risk of the patient falling again. In the elderly the loss of independent living is a major concern. "Compared with individuals 65 to 74 years of age, individuals 75 years of age or older are four to five more times more likely to be admitted to a long-term health care facility for one year or longer after a fall" (Schimke 2014). The cost of a fall is enough to put a financial burden on the patient depending on the severity of the injuries obtained. Joint Commission (2015) states " In one study, a fall with injury added 6.3 days to the hospital stay". An increase in hospital stay increases health care costs due to needed other resources to supplement the fall such as inpatient/outpatient physical or occupation therapy and home health care or rehab care. "By 2020, the annual direct and indirect cost of fall injuries is projected to exceed $54 billon". A fall does not only affect the finances for the patient, it also affects the cost for insurance and facility. With an increase in falls health insurance will start to climb. Families of patients that suffer falls with injury also could be affected by having to take time off from work, providing care for a loved one, and/or trying to find
Occupational therapy is a profession that is concerned with promoting the health and well-being with people of all ages. Health and well-being is usually a major issue concerning the elderly. The following paragraphs will provide examples of how occupational therapy (OT) can help rehabilitate the elderly after certain illnesses and injuries and provide information on the different settings for rehabilitation. Mackenzie, Clemson, and Roberts (2013) discuss how falls among the elderly can be life threatening, but intervention from an occupational therapist before a fall happens can save the hospitals time and save the elderly from becoming injured. Mackenzie, Clemson, and Roberts state that “falls are the leading cause of accidental injury or death among the older population”(p.60). To solve this problem they be...
A., de Rijk, A., Van Hoof, E., & Donceel, P. 2011). The therapist has to assess the patient to see if they have a need for splints or supports which may benefit the patient and then step in to help design the specific assistive devices needed. It is the job of the occupational therapist to come up with plans to overcome the inconvenient limitations while still helping the patient to reduce strain and prevent further damage by teaching them techniques that will conserve their energy. There are a variety of different ways to make daily living much easier. The most crucial part of therapy is assessing the patient's environment. All the people, cultural conditions and physical objects that are around them, create their environment. The behavior and development of people is a direct result of the interaction between them and their surroundings. A patient's behavior is greatly affected when they are mismatched with their environment. A person's environment match is present when the person's level of competence matches the demands of the environment. Full participation by the patient is required to make it practicable. “The science and practice of occupational therapy are well suited to develop, refine, and test approaches to translate therapeutic gains into
To prevent falls, keep the house free from clutter, such as scatter rugs, extension cords, and toys. Install handrails and grab bars to critical areas such as bathroom and kitchen.
Change is something that human have to face often, yet it is still very hard for us to adapt to it. We can, in turn, agree that change is not easy (Jacobs 2002). Occupational therapy has been thought a lot of changes which give rise to new treatment methods, new approaches and a better to communicate with the patients. Below is an analysis of the changes that have been made in the occupational therapy field and their outcomes.
Yates K. M., & Creech Tart. (2012). Acute care patient falls: evaluation of a revised fall
When taking steps to analyze and apply intervention strategies for falls, we must examine the factors that cause these occurrences. There are numerous reasons that falls occur, such as intrinsic and or extrinsic risk factors. Intrinsic risk factors for falls may be due to changes that are part of the normal aging process and acute or chronic conditions. According to Zheng, Pan and Hua et al. (2013), about 35-45 percent of individuals who are usually older than 65 years and other 50 percent of the elderly individuals report cases of fall every year. Extrinsic factors are those related to physical environment such as lack of grab bars, poor condition of floor surfaces, inadequate or improper use of assistive devices (Currie). Patient falls is not an easy thing to eliminate. With many clinical challenges, there’s no easy answer to the challenges posed by patient falls; howe...
Vieira, E. R., Freund-Heritage, R., & da Costa, B. R. (2011). Risk factors for geriatric patient falls in rehabilitation hospital settings: A systematic review. Clinical Rehabilitation, 25(9), 788-799. doi:10.1177/0269215511400639