Morale In The Workplace Essay

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An employee’s perception of organizational restructuring can vary greatly, particularly when it comes to morale. For the purpose of this literature review, we will define morale as the feelings of enthusiasm and loyalty that a person or group has about a task or job (Merriam-Webster). Also for the purpose of this literature review, we will use Caplow’s (1976) definition of an organization which is, a social system deliberately established to carry out some definite purpose (p. 3). Employees’ work morale is very difficult to decipher, and is very unsettling, highly dynamic, and sensitive to many factors. This includes individual differences, jobs, and workplace variations (Yang, 2009).
According to Swanson and Power (2001), “Organizational change and restructuring is often perceived as leading to increased occupational stress, impacting negatively on the psychological well-being of employees (p. 161).” The uncertainty of future employment for remaining employees after a restructuring process can lead to high stress levels, low productivity and overall dissatisfaction with their current or new roles.
The white-collar workers were defined as managerial, professional and technical (MPT) workers. Yang (2009) compared two datasets from nationally representative employer/employee to specifically investigate 1.) The extent to which employee’s loyalty to their employers changed due to the restructuring, and 2.) How various factors affect the organizational loyalty. Various factors that were viewed were things such as: work restructuring, changing internal labor market, and use of teamwork (p. 574). A Likert scale was used in analyzing the data sets and the dependent variable of work morale used was the same item, which is: “I feel proud to be working for this organization” (Yang,

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