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Alexander graham bell telephone invention essay
Alexander graham bell telephone invention essay
Alexander graham bell telephone invention essay
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Introduction
The origins of the market in electronic communications lie with the development and exploitation of the telegraph around the middle of the 19th century. You will find an excellent account of the development of the telegraph and some of the lessons this holds for the modern world in Tom Standage’s book, The Victorian Internet (readily available via Amazon).
The telephone was invented (allegedly) by Alexander Graham Bell who in 1876 was granted a United States patent (174465) which in a mere six pages specified what are recognisably still the key features of the telephone system. You can see a copy of the patent at the USPTO Website. .
Superlatives almost become exhausted in describing Bell’s patent. It was the most heavily litigated award of all time with more than 600 law suits raised challenging its validity. Perhaps the most serious challenge was raised by the Western Union Telegraph Company which held a dominant position in the telegraph sector. This claim was settled in 1879 . Western Union accepted the validity of Bell’s patent and agreed to keep out of the telephone business. In order to maintain Western’s key business in the telegraph sector, Bell agreed not to use the telephone business for ‘transmission of general business messages, market quotations, or news for sale or publication in competition with the business of Western Union.’ Other challenges persisted but in what was only the second most significant event of the year 1888 its validity was upheld by the US Supreme Court, (The Telephone Cases 1888 U.S. 1) in what is reportedly the longest judgement delivered in US patent history (some 197,000 words). The patent has frequently been described as the most valuable grant of all time.
The concept of ...
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...e government retained a special or retained a ‘golden share’ which gave it a power of veto over certain aspects of the business. To a considerable extent, therefore, competition in the British market was initially between two organisations with strong public sector connections.
It was announced in 1983 that no further licences would be issued to long-distance fixed-link operators for a period of 7 years. This was on the basis that in order to encourage Mercury to invest in the development of a network, it would require assurance of a stable competitive environment. The move, therefore was one from monopoly to duopoly although even at this stage it was recognised that the emerging market in mobile communications would provide alternatives to traditional fixed link operations. Licences for the creation of mobile networks were granted to Cellnet and Vodafone in 1983.
Of particular importance is the deregulation of the telecommunications industry as mentioned in the act (“Implementation of the Telecommunications Act,” NTLA). This reflects a new thinking that service providers should not be limited by artificial and now antique regulatory categories but should be permitted to compete with each other in a robust marketplace that contains many diverse participants. Moreover the Act is evidence of governmental commitment to make sure that all citizens have access to advanced communication services at affordable prices through its “universal service” provisions even as competitive markets for the telecommunications industry expand. Prior to passage of this new Act, U.S. federal and state laws and a judicially established consent decree allowed some competition for certain services, most notably among long distance carriers. Universal service for basic telephony was a national objective, but one developed and shaped through federal and state regulations and case law (“Telecommunications Act of 1996,” Technology Law). The goal of universal service was referred to only in general terms in the Communications Act of 1934, the nation's basic telecommunications statute. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 among other things: (i) opens up competition by local telephone companies, long distance providers, and cable companies ...
For Americans, this allowed for overnight travel and became time-saving. Beneficial to businesses in the railroad industry, the demand of these cars went up. Moreover, Alexander Graham Bell was an inventor who created the telephone in 1876, inspired by the hearing impairment of both his mother and wife. The patent of this invention was soon recognized globally, and affected the means of communication. Although it was a novelty item, it was crucial and necessary for businesses to possess.
We all hear the term “monopoly” before. If somebody doesn't apprehend a monopoly is outlined as “The exclusive possession or management of the provision or change a artifact or service.” but a natural monopoly could be a little totally different in which means from its counterpart. during this paper we'll be wanting into the question: whether or not the govt. ought to read telephones, cable, or broadcasting as natural monopolies or not; and may they be regulated or not?
The Victorian Internet is a book reflects the story of telegraph invention which opened the doors for many technological communications inventions, such as the telephone and consequently the internet. Tom Standage the author who wrote this book born in 1969.He graduated from Oxford University then he persuaded a career as journalist and author (Word Press). Standage wrote the first copy of the Victorian Internet in 1998, which is only few years after the internet invention. The author’s title “the Victorian-era telegraph” was impartial, because he described events happened in the Victorian-era with any exaggeration or degradation, although he was biased in his text towards the telegraph invention. The author in his book described two main reasons
Has the question of “who even thought to invent the telephone or metal detector?” ever came into your head? Or been going through the internet and came across the name Alexander Graham Bell and wondered who it was? Well Alexander was the inventor of many things like the telephone, and the metal detector. Bell was a very smart man who came from a very smart family.
AT&T had developed a reputation for providing high-quality long distance telephone services. It moved rapidly to exploit this reputation in the newly competitive long distance market by aggressively marketing its services against MCI, Sprint, and other carriers. Also, AT&T had traditional strengths in research and development with its Bell Labs subsidiary. To exploit these strengths in its new global competitive context, AT&T shifted Bell Labs' mission from basic research to applied research, and then leveraged those skills by forming numerous joint ventures, acquiring NCR, and other actions. Through this process, AT&T has been able to use some of its historically important capabilities to try to position itself as a major actor in the global telecommunications and computing industry.
In 500 B.C. the abacus was first used by the Babylonians as an aid to simple arithmetic. In 1623 Wihelm Schickard (1592 - 1635) invented a "Calculating Clock". This mechanical machine could add and subtract up to 6 digit numbers, and warned of an overflow by ringing a bell. J. H. Mueller comes up with the idea of the "difference engine", in 1786. This calculator could tabulate values of a polynomial. Muellers attempt to raise funds fails and the project was forgotten. Scheutz and his son Edward produced a 3rd order difference engine with a printer in 1843 and their government agreed to fund their next project.
I must admit that I have been succumbing to this plague that has everyone staring down instead of looking ahead. The cell phone was invented in 1973 as a mode of contact for convenience by John Mitchell and Martin Cooper of the Motorola Corporation. At
Throughout the 1970s, concerted industry efforts at the federal, state and local levels resulted in continued lessening of cable restrictions. These changes, couples with cables pioneering to satellite communications technology, led to a pronounced growth of services to consumers and a substantial increase in cable subscribers.
There were also many inventions during this time. One of which is something most of us in the twenty-first century can’t live without, the telephone. It was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell (Farah 611). 69 years earlier, the first practical steamboat was designed by Robert Fulton (Farah 606). But there was more to the 1800’s than just science and inven...
Farley, Tom. "Telephone History Part 3-1921 to 1984." n.pag. Online. Available: http://privateline.com/TelephoneHistory3/History3.html, Feb. 24, 1999.
On June 21, 1890, Bell and his assistant Charles Sumner invented a wireless telephone, named a photo phone. This photo phone allowed the transmission of both sound and huma...
On March 10th, 1876, a revolutionary invention was created by Alexander Graham Bell. The telephone was invented to send vibrations from one receiver to another electrically (History.com ‘Speech Transmitted by Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), and due to Alexander Graham Bell accidentally discovering that he could hear the sound of a ‘clock spring twanging’ (Marry Bellis, ‘The History of the Telephone’ accessed on March 11, 2014), that was possible. The invention of the telephone permitted new levels of communication, allowed families connect around the world, and improved military systems, but also served negative consequences, such as breached privacy. If two people wanted to have a conversation, they would have to write letters back and forth, but with the telephone they were able to pick up the receiver, dial the number, and be connected in a matter of minutes. Telephones enabled long-distance communication, which allowed families to converse despite their location. Military officials and soldiers were also able to stay in touch through field telephones as well as keep contact with the president. Although telephones were originally placed in general stores or other major city locations and homes/neighborhoods that were wired (Elon.edu ‘World Changes Due to the Telephone’ accessed on April 2, 2014), telephones became commonly used in homes in the early twentieth century when telephones began to connect internationally.
Despite the short amount of time since the introduction of the smartphone, the rapid development of the software and technology has had a tremendous effect on the everyday life of society today. The concept of communicating through a telephone was developed in the 1870s. Devices to transmit speech electrically were designed by Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell, but Bell's design was patented first. On March 10, 1876, Alexander Graham Bell achieved one of his greatest successes in the making of the telephone. This brought upon a major change in communication and gave leeway to the improvement of the telephone in the days to come (Bellis, 2013b).
Thousands of years ago calculations were done using people’s fingers and pebbles that were found just lying around. Technology has transformed so much that today the most complicated computations are done within seconds. Human dependency on computers is increasing everyday. Just think how hard it would be to live a week without a computer. We owe the advancements of computers and other such electronic devices to the intelligence of men of the past.