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review related literature about affects of the lack of sleep of the academic performance
positives and negatives of sleep deprivation
effects of sleep deprivation on student academic performance
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Recommended: review related literature about affects of the lack of sleep of the academic performance
The blare of the alarm goes off at the early hour of eight thirty in the morning. Tyler, a college freshman, wakes up from his night of sleep. He calculates the hours that he slept and as usual the hours add up to be about five all together. Throughout the course of a week, Tyler averages about thirty-five hours of sleep. Tyler is involved in many activities on campus such as Freshman class council, football, intermurals, and works an average of twenty hours a week. Like most college students, he takes an average 15 hours of course work. During the day he finds himself very fatigued and unmotivated to finish his homework due to his lack of sleep. As the semester comes to an end, he starts to worry about his Grade Point Average because it is so low. He then starts to look at every aspect of his daily routine to see what is causing his low GPA. Could Tyler's low GPA be due to the lack of sleep?
Earlier studies have looked at sleep deprivation. In order to understand the affects of sleep loss these studies temporarily eliminated sleep from one's daily routine. These studies showed that from 2am-7am there was a decline in alertness and performance; while in other times of the day there was an increase in alertness and performance. The studies showed that the peak time of alertness is from 11am-3pm (Walsh, 1997).
Our group decided to look at the sleep habits of college students and how it affects their GPA. The reason we chose this topic is that we have observed the consequences of the lack of sleep received by college students on our campus. In many instances, we, as individuals, have recognized that our loss of sleep has had a negative effect on our own schoolwork. Our group feels that the lack of concentration and motivation...
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...esearch done in this area of the behaviors of college students. The results from further studies could help college students become better overall students.
Bibliography
Egget, Dennis L; Barnes, Michael D.; Trockel, Mickey T. Health-Related Variables and Academic Performance Among First-Year College Students: Implications of Sleep and Other Behaviors. Journal of American College Health, 49, 125.
McKelvie, Stuart J. (1992). Sleep Duration and Self-Reported Type A Behavior: A Replication. Journal of Psychology Interdisciplinary & Applied, 126, 285.
Pressman, Mark R.; Orr, William C. (1997). Understanding Sleep: The Evaluation and Treatment of Sleep Disorders. Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
Ross, Shannon E.; Niebling, Bradley C.; Heckert, Teresa M. Sources of Stress Among College Students. College Student Journal, 33, 312-317.
It is generally understood that getting enough sleep plays an important factor as people go through their day to day lives, nevertheless many people do not rank sleep as one of their top priorities. In many cases, people prefer to use the time spent on getting the proper amount of sleep on other activities such as finishing a report for work or doing some last minute studying for a midterm. However, reducing the amount of sleep one gets not only affects one’s academic performance, but their physical health as well.
For some high school students, sleep is not considered a necessity – but rather, a luxury. Sports, extra-curricular activities, and Fine Arts programs play an important role in students’ lives and require a significant amount of commitment and dedication. Social life aside, some students have taken the additional endeavors of acquiring jobs, participating in volunteer activities, and taking extra Advanced Placement classes. With too many tasks to fulfill in a twenty-four hour day, high school students are forced to substitute for the most essential condition of all: sleep.
One of the many arising problems of America’s students is they are becoming sleep deprived. The busy daily schedules of children and teens are not allowing them to get enough sleep. “Less sleep is unhealthy especially with the new research that as teenagers move through teenage years, they need increasing amounts of sleep. Nine hours per night is the necessary amount to avoid behaviors associated with sleep deprivation” (Final Report Summary, 2001). Among other things, sleep deprivation is causing students to sleep during class instead of being awake and aware. When the students are sleeping in class, they are not retaining information being taught to them. Researchers have now proven that the majority of adolescents retain more information later in the day. Contrary to this information, America’s school systems are programmed to begin early in the day, which according to the sleep rhythms of most teenagers, they should still be sleeping.
As is indicated in the essay Understanding Adolescents ’ Sleep Pattern and School Performance: a Critical Appraisal, self-reported shortened total sleep time, erratic sleep/wake schedules, late bed and rise times, and poor sleep quality are negatively associated with academic performance for adolescents from middle school through the college years. In this research, not only adolescents, but also pre-adolescents and freshman students in college were involved. After investigating the students’ detailed sleep habits, this research, along with several other researches worldwide, ended up in the same result as described above.
When the mind’s need of rest is not met, it accumulates “sleep debt” that cannot be fixed by a single sleep period. “The brain keeps an accurate count of sleep debt for at least two weeks” (Myers, DeWall 107). Many college students experience sleep deprivation which results in fatigue during the day. Whether or not it’s because of roommates, or your own habits, sleep deprivation is a problem. Although sleep is often overlooked and not considered a significant event--since it should normally occur every day--it is a necessity for all humans as well as animals. “It is said that young animals can go longer without food than sleep” (Johnson 88). This statement shows just how important of a role sleep is in life. “Approximately 70% of college students report disturbances in sleep including poor sleep quality, insufficient sleep, and irregular sleep patterns” (DeMartini, Fucito 1164). Most of the time college students experience difficulties with sleep because of their varying schedules. On the weekdays, students will sleep between classes, and stay up late trying to get work done. On the weekends, they stay up late and wake later in the day. “According to the National Sleep Foundation, 59% of adults 18 to 29 years of age describe themselves as night-owls” (Gaultney 91). Our bodies are synchronized with the 24-hour cycle due to the circadian rhythm (Myers, DeWall 100). If students cannot fall asleep early because their “biological clock” is messed up due to stress or other reasons, they cannot get enough sleep by the time the morning comes. Research has shown that typically people who get up earlier perform better in school, have more initiative and are less likely to be depressed (Myers, DeWall 101). Other factors of sleep deprivation could fall into the social category. College students tend to like to enjoy life, and party. This is something a college student can
Sleep is crucial to lead a very happy and healthy life. Without sleep, people can become less focused and are constantly tired during waking life. “Sufficient sleep is increasingly being recognized as an essential aspect of chronic disease prevention and health promotion” (Are You Getting Enough Sleep?). To fight threatening diseases and to maintain a healthy lifestyle, a good night’s sleep is number one on the to-do list. However, most people think they have more important things to do other than lie down and rest, but sleep is essential to a healthy life. Putting down a distraction and going to bed is quite difficult to do, but people need a good quality and quantity amount of sleep each night. “Sleep affects mentality, creativity, physical vitality, and healthy weight. It is also not just the quantity of sleep you get, but the quality of sleep you really have to pay attention to. ” A large amount of people try to sleep as little as possible. There are too many factors at play that people would rather be doing, but sleep is just as important for happiness and good health as exercise and nutrition are (How Much Sleep Do You Need?). Lack of sleep causes mental and physica...
Are you curious if those all night cram study hours are working? I bet your wondering if they are actually helping or hurting your midterm grade? I’m sure all of us have spent an all nighter studying for that Chemistry or Economics exam that you just have to do well on because its 50 percent of your grade. Not only are you studying so hard for that A+, but your mental well-being. We all feel pressured to do well in college for many reasons. For that high paying job were promised if we graduate from a top-notch school or what about the assumption that you will have a better future. And for those of you whose parents are paying thousands of dollars for tuition, wouldn’t want to let mom or dad down. The answer is here. June J. Pilcher conducted a study of whether sleep deprivation affects your ability of acing that test if you just would have went to bed earlier.
This is where students are able to excel in a particular field. The way that society is setup, just like high school, students are forced to have a strict schedule, which may consist of school, work, sports, clubs, and volunteer opportunities. In college many students lack sleep because of these hectic schedules as they did in high school. In college, sleep deprivation is more of an issue than in high school. Alike in high school, administrators are at the root of this problem. Because administrators require so many requirements in college, sleep deprivation is a result of their decisions. An article done in 2014 talking about sleep disorders and college students says that, “nearly one in four students is at risk for a sleep disorder” (Hershner). The article gets specific on how having a sleep disorder effects the productivity of grades, “Students who obtained more sleep (long sleepers, greater than 9 hours) had higher GPAs than short sleepers (less than 6 hours): GPAs were 3.24 vs 2.74 on average” (Gaultney). This statistic should get the attention school administrators. College administrator’s goal for students is to provide opportunities for students to excel and perform at a high level. As seen in this study, students tend to perform higher when they get the appropriate amounts of rest. If administrators realized the negative effects their
These results of sleep absence have caught the attention of Dr. Mary A. Carskadon of Brown University who did an experiment of the effects of sleep in the body, which has revealed that students’ bodies have become accustomed to the circumstances it has been involved in. Denise Dador, health specialist, stated, “Experts say about 80 percent of high school students are sleep deprived. They’re biologically programmed to stay up late” (Dador). Although the bodies of most high school students have evolved, side effects have emerged. Students have increase stress in their lives from the pressure to finish homework; high blood pressure can also result from the same problem of stress. Research also found that depleted amounts of sleep in students causes a decrease of learning and memory, since their mind is focused on sleeping. A freshman in high school states, “If I get less than four hours of sleep I find it a lot harder to stay focused, which makes it difficult to pay attention in class and do well on assignments,” (qtd in Taylor)
Sleeping is something that is an essential part of human nature and is a must in order for one to be a functional human being. Sleep is an idea that is accompanied by many wives’ tales, including the ideas that one needs seven to eight hours of sleep each night and alcohol helps one fall asleep and sleep more soundly. One myth about sleep is that during sleeping, one is in a state of nothingness. In truth, however, it has been discovered that during sleep the brain is active, variations in heartbeat and breathing occur, and the eyes and ears are active throughout the time of sleep. These activities during a person’s sleep are important because they help that person be more aware, awake, and alert during consciousness. If all of these important activities occur during sleep, why is it that people are so willing to short themselves of this vital activity? Although much about sleep still remains a mystery, research and experiments continue to show how important sleep is to each and every person. Throughout this paper, I will discuss sleep and the effects that it has on performance and health, especially in college students. A college student’s sleeping pattern is a reliable indicator to their level of performance in the classroom and other school-affiliated activities, as a lack of sleep leads to decreased performance. Sleep is directly related the level of performance and health in an individual; the more rested a person is, the better that person will perform and feel (Dryer, 2006).
Kales, A. (1972). The evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders : Pharmacological and psychological studies. In M. Chase (ed.)The Sleeping Brain. Los Angeles : Brain Information Service.
Sleep loss and shifting sleep patterns are known to be widespread across college campuses throughout the United States and the world at large. Yet, while many studies exist relating sleep to performance, a much smaller amount of studies focus on the Through analysis of these sources as they would prove useful when researching and writing upon the idea of sleep and its correlation to academic performance it was found that a paper titled “Sleep-Wake Patterns and Academic Performance in University Students”, which was presented to the European Conference on Educational Research, is overall the most useful source represented to research the topic.
sleep in America and its effects on performance. The articles gave different types of results from different kinds of data with different degrees of definiteness. In spite of their differences, both articles showed that lack of sleep is a cause for decreased performance and a detriment to a productive and healthy lifestyle.
Kelly, W. E., Kelly, K. E., & Clanton, R. C. (2001). The relationship between sleep
In this paragraph, I will elucidate on how sleep deprivation is associated with low academic performance, poor health, depression, mood disorders and drowsy driving in adolescents. I will substantiate my argument using statistics and studies, performed by researchers in my sources. I will also be defining cardinal terms such as circadian rhythms, sleep deprivation and neurocognitive functioning. Finally, I will present my thesis statement and introduce academic performance and health effects of sleep deprivation as the two