Migrants are defined as all those who were born outside the UK and were known as ‘aliens’ or ‘foreigners’. Kostakopoulou calls this assumption into question, arguing that ‘aliens’ are by definition outside the bounds of the community by virtue of a circular reasoning which takes for granted the existence of bounded national communities, and that this which takes for granted the existence of bounded national communities, and that this process of collective self-definition is deeply political and historically dated. The composition of the current UK migrant population has of course been conditioned by immigration policy over the past 50 years. Immigration has become a major debate across the UK, with many different reasons given for and against its expansion. Mrs Theresa May made an interesting statement on immigration in the House of Commons .
“Controlled migration has benefited the UK economically, socially and culturally, but when immigration gets out of control, it places great pressure on our society, economy and public services.”
Sovereignty has been regarded as the ultimate value in immigration matters, and the state’s rights to exclude almost unconditional, except on humanitarian grounds or to facilitate family reunion. Renouncing exclusive control over the borders has thus been as tantamount to losing sovereignty, which the UK is becoming susceptible in. In the European Union, the process of the gradual abolition of border controls at internal frontiers highlighted the Member States’ anxiety to be granted sovereign power of control over the external frontiers of, the Union, in exchange for their consent for the shrinking of internal borders as discussed by Kesby . This view was shared by Weiner who wrote:
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...skills gap.’ http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/sir-digby-jones-these-industrious-workers-are-filling-the-skills-gap-412840.html [ January 5th 2011]
Philippe Legrain is a critically acclaimed writer and consultant on globalisation, migration and European issues.
Legrain, P., Immigrants: Your Country Needs Them, (2006), Little Brown book Group
ibid.p.6
Glover et al, Migration: an economic and social analysis, Home Office UK
Sir Andrew Green, former UK ambassador to Saudi Arabia and is currently the Chairman of Migration Watch UK
National Statistics, Statistical Bulletin: Labour Force Survey, Office of National Statistics http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_labour/LFSHQS/2010/2010_LFS_HQS_CQ.pdf [January 10th 2011]
The Sunday Times, ‘Immigration Curbs Are Vital For Britain’s Future’, Sir Andrew Green [September 5th 2010]
McKeown’s book significantly traces the enforcement of the bio-power on the national border control system against the background of the expansion of capitalist global order, and thus further debunks that the seemingly neutral face of modern international migration is a discursive and institutional mask for coloniality. His arguments keep reminding me of previous insights on our modern world by thinkers like Foucault, Walter Mignolo, and Lisa Lowe, who all stay vigilant to the progressive and emancipatory vision from the enlightenment, or, the western modernity, by revealing its dialectic relevance to its opposite, the suppression and alienation of humanity from disciplinary regimentation of social life to colonial bloodshed and enslavement.
Australia has had a long history of receiving individuals and groups who are seeking asylum as well as unfortunately a long history of turning those away who are perceived as different. (McKay,Thomas & Blood 2011).Even though the white Australia policy was abandoned decades ago it still lives on as a strong resonance in the conservative right of politics (Westoby & Ingamells, 2010). Community fear about Australia’s border seem easily triggered, which has prompted the term ‘paranoid nationalism’ to be used to describe the heightened refugee politics of the Howard years linked to discrimination and maltreatment of asylum seekers which still lives on today (Westoby & Ingamells, 2010). This paper will use the term asylum seeker to identify those who have arrived at Australian shores seeking refuge without a valid visa. I aim to consider throughout this paper this history of how asylum seekers have been constructed as the ‘other’ and to examine the role of public discourse and political, legal and media responses, such as the implementation of detention centres, as creating and reinforcing the position of asylum seekers as different and not belonging. It will be therefore argued that while we have come a long way from the treatment the Howard government gave asylum seekers, we have not come far enough. Two key areas being the use of ‘othering’ and the implementation of detention centres need to be challenged if we are to take the responsibility of providing refuge for asylum seekers seriously.
Illegal immigration has many diverse effects on the United States economy. Some people argue that the negative outweigh the positive, but there is no doubt that immigrants do carry a critical role.
...dward Taylor. “Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millennium”. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.print
In the United States, the cliché of a nation of immigrants is often invoked. Indeed, very few Americans can trace their ancestry to what is now the United States, and the origins of its immigrants have changed many times in American history. Despite the identity of an immigrant nation, changes in the origins of immigrants have often been met with resistance. What began with white, western European settlers fleeing religious persecution morphed into a multicultural nation as immigrants from countries across the globe came to the U.S. in increasing numbers. Like the colonial immigrants before them, these new immigrants sailed to the Americas to gain freedom, flee poverty and famine, and make a better life for themselves. Forgetting their origins as persecuted and excluded people, the older and more established immigrants became possessive about their country and tried to exclude and persecute the immigrant groups from non-western European backgrounds arriving in the U.S. This hostile, defensive, and xenophobic reaction to influxes of “new” immigrants known as Nativism was not far out of the mainstream. Nativism became a part of the American cultural and political landscape and helped to shape, through exclusion, the face of the United States for years to come.
Perea, Juan. Immigrants Out! The New Nativism and the Anti-Immigrant Impulse in the United States. New York or London: New York University Press, 1997. Print.
On 19 June, 2012, The New York Times published an online article by John M. MacDonald and Robert J. Sampson, entitled “Don’t Shut the Golden Door”. This article addresses the benefits and issues with immigration, and explains how it has benefitted the United States; socially and economically.
Many people in the UK coupled with media stories, tend to portray asylum seekers as bogus individuals who are here purely for economic gains (Teater 2014). This has led organisations such as Refugee councils and Refugee Action
Immigration practices, both historical and current, has had various types of impacts on immigration policies and processes, as well as on people who have immigrated. According to Nilsson, Schale and Khamphakdy-Brown (2011) the various issues that face immigrant populations is pre and post immigration trauma, the acculturation process, poverty and low education and training levels. Immigration also impacts family relationships and possible language barriers. Immigration policies have always been exclusionary and biased against various cultural groups (Sue & Sue, 2013). For example, historically, European immigrants were granted citizenship more
The current migrant crisis is nothing more than a deliberate misuse of words. In fact, the Migrant Crisis should be renamed the European crisis because media and propaganda are so intent on transferring the center of crisis from the impoverished and war stricken populace of the Middle East to Europe. Various journalists have intentionally manipulated the meaning of the term “migrant” in order to obscure the humanity of countless men, women, and children. In addition, sources define migrants as “invaders coming to strip the European state of its economy and culture”(Geller). They argue that migrants have come to steal the jobs of the natives before them, feed off of the developed country’s insurance, and ultimately, as Viktor Orban, prime minister
Immigration is one of the most trending topics in the presidential campaign, generating furious debate over the situations that America faces. Whether it be deporting illegal immigrations, granting them a form of amnesty, or building a wall between the United States and Mexico, the immigration process is constantly deliberated. A total of 300,000 jobs were created in the December of 2015. However, there is a constant argument about the income distribution, with the amount of jobs that are supposedly being lost to immigrants. At the top of the social classes, wages are increasing. In the middle and bottom strata, wages are stagnate. However, there is more complexity in order to understand how immigrants are truly impacting our economy and our lives.
In Figure 4.4 (Raghuram and Erel, 2014, p. 144) shown that the inflow and outflow from 1966 to 2005 almost mirror each other. Migration is a way of connecting people and places to each other in various ways and is not just about movement from one place to another. According to (Catriona Harvard, 2014, p. 68 – 71) Bushra Fleih a migrant family from Iraq that now live on City Road in Cardiff maintain their existing family connections through Skype, although they are very far from their family and home in Iraq. On other hand it shows how Nof Al-Kelaby has lost his connections through migration but has remade and established the connections through his new
The Brexit campaign was based on fear of Middle Eastern migrants entering the country due to the EU’s free movement of Europeans and promises to spread refugees amongst European countries. Activists declared “We want our country back’. This sentiment was echoed by various British citizens. One citizen, Clive a taxi driver from seaside Margate saw his country as changing too much. Clive described that foreigners were filling his towns schools and declared that the neighboring town Cliftonville was so filled with migrant gypsies it was like being in Romania. These concerns over changing ethnic identity catapulted the leave campaign to victory. This caused opponent of Brexit Prime Minister David Cameron to resign and be replaced by Theresa May (League of Nationalists 2016, 4-5). May now has the task of leading the United Kingdom after Brexit. May must now decide if she will continue economically beneficial trade agreements at the expense at allowing immigration (Mind Your Step 2016, 1). The situations in the United Kingdom and Hungary have parallels to German nationalism of the 19th
Bloemraad, Irene. “The Debate Over Multiculturalism: Philosophy, Politics, and Policy.” www.migrationpolicy.org. September 22, 2011. Web.
The current effects of immigration throughout the United States has had a negative impact on its economy. Whether foreigners are legal permanent immigrants or illegal occupants, nations must diligently keep track of all individuals. This is a brief analysis on how immigrants impact the U.S and strategies to minimize their effects on this nation. In addition, the U.S must implement and monitor plans of action to lessen unemployment of citizens and reduce the excessive use of benefits and resources by immigrants.