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Cognitive development
Basic components to Piaget's cognitive theory
Child development erikson
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The following case study is considering the influence of developmental factors on our teaching practice, by providing further ways to apply knowledge of childhood development in a realistic classroom situation. This case study response, will demonstrate an understanding of intellectual, physical language, emotional, moral, social and psychological development of children. As well as the ability to identify learning and teaching approaches that cater to the developmental needs of students within the classroom. Cognitive development refers to a childs growth in how they think,and learn. Cognitive development focusses on a child’s growth in regards to thinking, and learning skills, this includes language, attention, planning, problem, solving, …show more content…
An important aspect of this development is the way in which a child interacts in a social and school situation .It focusses on the emergence, and change, of a child’s morals. And if the child has an understanding of morality from childhood through to becoming an adult. (Trawick-Smith, 2014). The two theorists that play a part here include Piaget as well as Kohlberg’s. Social development refers to learning values. This can be shown by a childs knowledge as well as how they relate to others and their family (Trawick-Smith, 2014). Through these relationships a child is able to cultivate an awareness of social values, as well as what is expected of them socially. (Cassidy, Parke, Butkovsky, & Braungart, 1992).Psychological development or developmental psychology is the development of a child, cognitively, emotionally, intellectually and socially from childhood to old age. (Cassidy, Parke, Butkovsky, & Braungart, 1992). Therefore it examines change over a broad range of topics such as motor skills, cognitive development, moral understanding, social change, personality, emotional development, self-concept and identity. (Trawick-Smith, 2014). It is vital to understand the concrete operational stage of cognitive development, to fully comprehend the implications for Robert (Trawick-Smith, 2014) states that this stage is critical in when a child begins to understand the relationship between things in the world. (Trawick-Smith, 2014)It is vital to understand two main factors in cognitive development to fully comprehend Robert’s learning difficulties. These being accommodation, as well as
In this essay I will compare and contrast the theoretical approaches, Cognitive Development and Social Learning, to children’s development. Cognitive Development is the ability to think and understand. Many theorists based their research on cognitive development within children, one of the most common theorists being Jean Piaget, who formed his ‘theory of cognitive development’ (McLeod, 2009).
In chapter one, cognitive development was briefly discussed and now in chapter 5 it goes a little deeper. One of the first names that comes to mind when thinking of cognitive development is Piaget. Piaget’s theory is described as constructivist view to cognitive development. A constructivist view is that people create or “construct” their own view and knowledge of the world by the information they already know. They view life through the experiences and knowledge they already obtain. The essential building block to Piaget’s theory is schemes which are patterns of physical or mental action. Throughout life people just build on the schemes when they experience something new they relate it an old experience. An example would be an animal that
No single development theory satisfactorily explains behavior; however, a more comprehensive picture of child development emerges when Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development is integrated with Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development identifies four stages of development associated with age (Huitt & Hummel, 2003). Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs “posited a hierarchy of human needs based on two groupings: deficiency needs and growth needs” (Huitt, 2007). Comparatively, both theories argue that humans need a series of environmental and psychological support to meet our needs. Integrated, these two theories together enable teachers to understand which stage of development students are at and to create teaching
Doherty, J & Hughes M. (2009). Cognitive and Social Development. In:Child Development Theory and Practice 0-11. England: Pearson Education Limited. p350-395.
This stage of development was described by Piaget as the preoperational stage. Children are often in this stage from ages two to seven. Children in this stage begin using symbolic thinking. Their reasoning skills begin to develop as well. Cognitive development is also very important in this stage of a child’s life (Feldman, 2011). Their thinking is partially logical, however they are limited (Fleming, 2004). They can only look at things from their perspective, which is called egocentrism. They cannot yet understand steps for transformations. They also do not comprehend that appearances can be deceiving. They do, however, develop their use of symbolic function. This is their ability to use symbols to describe something. Vygotsky also said that cognitive development is the result of social interactions. Children are guided and supported in solving problems (Feldman,
In stage three, concrete operational, the child now rationalises logically about concrete, real experiences. They have the ability to mentally reverse actions and are able to focus simultaneously on different features of a problem.
Cognitive development is the growth in children's ways of thinking about and interacting with their environment. Young children initially learn about the world through active, physical exploration and then gradually develop the ability to think symbolically and logically about their experiences. Children are curious explorers, and their cognitive development involves learning new concepts and testing a variety of ideas.
There are multiple factors in a child’s development. Parents have a responsibility, as well as a privilege, to contribute to every milestone. Most parents stress over physical and mental stages so much so that play-time is ignored. By making decisions that sacrifice play parents hinder their social development. Parents must take action and encourage their youth to play more, before childhood is lost forever.
The cognitive development perspective focuses on how children construct knowledge and how their constructions change over time. Piaget believed that children naturally try to make sense of their world, by engaging, touching, sucking, listening, and looking. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development was inspired by observing his own kids, and how they interacted with their surroundings. Piaget describes four major stages of cognitive development. Each stage represents a change in children and how they learn and understand their environment around them. It begins at birth until about 2 years of age. It is based on sense and motor skills. And how well they physically interact with their surroundings. Motor skills can be defined as anything that requires an infant to use their muscles, such as
Children from 2 years to 7 are most likely in this stage. In this stage children begin to start thinking more symbolical and learn how to use pictures to identify words. Children in this stage often struggle to see things from others point of view. And while they are much better at using language they still think about things in a concrete terms.
Cognitive theories are concerned with the development of a person’s thought processes. To him, children think differently than adults. His theory describes and explains the development of thought processes and mental states and how these influence the way we understand and interact with the world. His theory accounts for the steps and sequences of a child’s intellectual development. His theory considers that the child passes through 4 stages. The first stage is the sensorimotor stage (birth to age 2). This is when the child learns the world through movements and sensations. They also learn about object permanence (that a thing continues to exist even when it cannot be seen). The child learns that they are separate from the people and objects that are around them and that their actions cause things to happen. The second stage is the preoperational stage (2-7 years). During this stage the child begins to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects. Language is at the highlight of this stage. At this stage, the child learns through pretend play but is egocentric and struggles to see things from the perspective of others. The child is still concrete about the world around them. The third stage is the concrete operational stage (7-11 years). The child begins to think more logically and organized, but still very concrete. They begin to use logic or reasoning from information to a general
Cognitive development theory was propounded by Piaget in (1972). Piaget proposed that cognitive development from infant to young adult occurs in four universal and consecutive stages. The four stages are; sensorimotor - birth to 2 years, preoperational - 2 years to 7 years, concrete operational - 7 years to 11 years and formal operational (abstract thinking) 11 years and up. Each stage has major cognitive tasks which must be accomplished. In the sensorimotor stage, the mental structures are mainly concerned with the mastery of concrete objects. The mastery of symbols takes place in the preoperational stage. In the concrete stage, children learn mastery of classes, relations and numbers and how to reason. The last stage deals with the mastery
Many researchers have written about child development, but none are quite as well known as Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg. Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory and Lawrence Kohlberg’s moral development theory have been essential for researchers to gain a better understanding of child development. While these theories are unique in explaining different types of child development, they have many similarities and differences as well.
As I observed Ricky his cognitive development is somewhat normal. According to Piaget’s theory a child should by the age five should be on the Preoperational stage and be able use symbols such as words or pictures to represent objects. Piaget’ preoperational stage Infants and Children (p.322-326). According to the checklist Ricky was not able to draw on some letters and sounds such as f, s, t, and r. According to the Speech and Language checklist list by the age of five the child should master or say these letters. I also used the Speech and Language assessment to see if he tell me the day and schedule in sequence. Ricky was not able to understand or comprehend what I was asking him. According to Jean Piaget a child should do well to clock time and daily schedule. (Last Name, Article Title, Year)I observed Ricky he moved form center to center he became station in the library and took a book with cars and trucks from the shelf and set down on the bean bag and open the book and pointing with his finger...
As I personally take the time to have a reflection over the course of “Child and Adolescent Development” I find myself intrigued with the amount of knowledge I gained during this course this semester. I wanted to take the time to concentrate on three specific areas in which I felt I had the most growth, but also came as a challenge to me as well. It is important when reflecting over a course that I look at what I found to be challenging, as this was an opportunity of growth for me individually. In this paper I will review some of the main topics that I found to be interesting but also resourceful for my future aspiration not only as a family life educator but also a mother one day.