A fleet of vehicles will have far reaching impacts; perhaps best known by the general public is the impact on air quality. Air pollutants may be released in a number of ways: first through evaporation during fueling, second through tailpipe emissions while a car is running, and third through chemical reactions occurring with byproducts or unused components emitted into the atmosphere.(Motor vehicles and toxic air pollutants. 2008) Typical chemicals released include benzene, toluene, xylenes, diesel particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds.(Motor vehicles and toxic air pollutants. 2008) In addition, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde may be produced in reactions with the air. (Motor vehicles and toxic air pollutants. 2008) While there are large variations in the composition of air in various locations due to urbanization and other factors, the EPA’s national databases suggest mobile causes as the primary sources of carbon monoxide, lead, and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere.(Air emission sources. 2011) More specific information may be found for individual states. For example, in Maine the amount of carbon monoxide in the atmosphere is 60% contributable and nitric oxide is nearly 80% contributable to mobile emissions.(Effects of vehicle pollution. 2011) In New Hampshire, data suggests that approximately 40 percent of human health risk from some source of air pollutants comes from mobile sources. (Motor vehicles and toxic air pollutants. 2008) Many of the fleet air pollutants are associated with negative health consequences. For example, benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and diesel particulate matter are all suspected carcinogens.(Air toxics from motor vehicles. August 1994) The EPA currently estimates t... ... middle of paper ... ...04.pdf Cohen, A. J., Ross Anderson, H., Ostro, B., Pandey, K. D., Krzyzanowski, M., Künzli, N., . . . Smith, K. (2005). The global burden of disease due to outdoor air pollution. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part A, 68(13-14), 1301-1307. Effects of vehicle pollution. (2011). Department of Environmental Protection: Maine, http://www.maine.gov/dep/air Motor vehicles and toxic air pollutants. (2008). New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, http://des.nh.gov/ Odukoya, O. O., Onianwa, P. C., & Sanusi, O. I. (2010; 2010). Effect of highways and local activities on the quality of underground water in Ogun state, Nigeria. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 168(1-4), 1-1-10. Transportation and air quality planning: Federal laws provide tools for change. (2008). New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, http://des.nh.gov/
Salt Lake City, Provo and Logan rank consistently in the top ten U.S. Cities for the air pollution. Vehicle emission account for more than hal...
In an era of rising technology and increasing population, demands on the environment are continually being pushed to new levels. As a result, it becomes important for us to expand our knowledge about the environment and take appropriate actions to protect this element of most importance to human existence. One component of our environment experiencing some of the greatest abuse due to humans is the air. Air pollution has been on the rise ever since the beginning of industrialization. The climbing number of factories and use of cars worldwide are the major culprits of this environmental hazard. There are various gases released into the air that can be considered air pollutants, but one of the most prevalent and dangerous to the environment is carbon dioxide (CO2). Up to 95% of the CO2 produced is the result of natural processes (Burnett & Matthews Jr., 1998). The rest is a direct result of human activity, primarily through the burning of fossil fuels in the production of energy
Gasoline fueled cars produce a number of pollutants. The most damaging pollutants that come from gasoline fueled cars are particulate matter. Particulate matter is a sequence of organic materials and inorganic substances. It includes ingredients such as lint and minerals. Nitrogen dioxide, produced when fuel is burned at high temperatures, can cause damage to the lungs and cause chest pains. One might ask, “Why are Americans still driving gasoline cars?” knowing the damage that they are subject to cause. I personally maintain that the government should push people to p...
Air pollution has become a significant problem in the US as well as the world over years. It’s the result of variety of sources like industrial, agriculture, mechanical and transportation. Sadly, transportation which releases a great amount of carbon dioxides, nitrogen oxides and other toxicity is proven the leading cause of air pollution. There are several transportation factors that contribute to air pollution in the US.
Outdoor air pollution is definite as the statement of several materials called air pollutants into the atmosphere, in attentions that threaten the happiness of living organisms or disturb the function of the environment as a system important to human health damages in numerous ways. Air pol...
Relevance: Air pollution is something that everyone should be concern, especially if we’re advancing a lot in technology, especially in vehicles and the importance of our air or the environment.
“1 gallon of gas =24 pounds of global warming emissions” (UCSUSA). Many of the people in our world today don’t understand just how much The Automobile affects us, our lives, and the world we live in. Undoubtedly, the invention of the car has changed our perspective on the different technology created over the past years. However, cars are some of the leading factors towards one of the largest ongoing problems occurring in our world today. That problem goes by the name of global warming. “Since 1990, Transportation has been one of the fastest growing sources of U.S. GHG” (U.S.D.T), otherwise known as Greenhouse gasses. In which most of us know; global warming affects our health, environment, weather, and ultimately our lives. It is a critical issue that continues to grow among this world, and cars nonetheless seem to be the main culprit. In fact, it can be easily said that the Automobiles of our generation can be considered the greatest common factor and one of the leading contributors for global warming. According to the UCSUSA, “Transportation produces almost 30% of all U.S. Global warming emissions.” This is with the exception of jets, planes, or any other type of aircrafts. That being said, the rate for GHG continues to rise and cars continually release toxins into the atmosphere.
Air pollution is caused by many things such as car fumes, burning of fossil fuels,
Pollution by definition is “the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects.” From 1960s through the 1980s, studies have showed that air pollution affects our health (C. Arden Pope III). Studies have shown that the effects of air pollution can lead to respiratory disease, death, and cardiovascular problems. The Clean Air Act requires that the EPA regulate these six common air pollutants; ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead (Environmental Protection Agency). Ground-level ozone is created from reactions of nitrogen and other organic compounds. Carbon monoxide also known as CO is an odorless gas that emits from combustion processes. Nitrogen dioxide also known as NO2, is a gas that is formed from the emission of cars and other equipment. Sulfur dioxide comes from the emission of at least seventy-three percent power plants and twenty-seven percent comes from industrial facilities.
What is air pollution? According to the experts, the presence into the air of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects is termed as air pollution. The presence of Air Pollution is countries such as the US comes unsurprisingly to everyone. Being one of the most industrialized countries on earth, air pollution is one of the environmental issues that we just have to deal with. However, a statistic which may take the people by surprise is that among states such as New York, California and Indiana, it is Maryland which has managed in registering the highest number of deaths from Air pollution in the United States. After multiple study conducted by various institutes, it has been concluded that motor vehicles, and industrial smokestacks contribute to the death of 113 people per 100,000 per year in Maryland, with Baltimore and Montgomery Village topping the list with 130 deaths per 100,000 people.
Factories and transportation depend on huge amounts of fuel--billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels burn they introduce smoke and other, less visible, by-products into the atmosphere.
Air pollution is a very large problem in bigger cities around the United States of America. In Los Angeles people are at the highest risk of death due to air pollution. Among the most populated areas of the country, Los Angeles had the highest estimated rate of deaths attributable to air pollution. (The Huffington Post 2014) New York City is another huge city that is highly polluted. The death rate due to air pollution is a little smaller in New York than Los Angeles but it is still a huge health risk in New York. Air pollution in New York City is a significant environmental threat which contributes to an estimated 6% of...
In Auckland, private cars are hugely important to individuals as a means of transport around the city. However the use of personal vehicles has a negative impact on the environment in the form of air pollution (Auckland Regional Council, 2014). Air pollution can be measured by the level of particulate matter found in the air. Particulate matter is made up of very fine particles in the air which may be visible but are not always seen (Ministry of Transport, 2002). Air pollution due to transport causes an increase in the amount of fine particulate matter specifically PM₁₀. However there are also other molecules such as nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO) that also prove toxic to humans in certain concentrations (Public Health Advisory Committee, 2002). An increase in these molecules can be related to an increase in adverse health effects and mortality rate (Health Research Council, 2012).
The earth cannot lose its greenhouse gases quickly , and we keep adding to them. We do detect the same issue in the exhaust released from different factories, industries and from different types of vehicles. Grunig’s study found the following “First-responder immune cell types, such as alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells, are stressed and activated by air pollutants, such as diesel exhaust particles”.They do aswell release a large amount of carbon into the atmosphere and it causes a lot of problems to every single person that lives in a polluted area. The ignition of gasoline and other fuels in automobiles, trucks, and jetairplanes produce the most familiar pollutants, nitroge oxides, gaseous hydrocarbons and carbonmonoxide, likewise particles of an element like lead. When nitrogen oxides fuse with hydrocarbons they form different types of pollutants. In cities where transportation is the leading cause of pollution, nitrogen dioxide colors the sky brown, because the nitrogen dioxide has connected with other forms of pollution and water vapor to produce
Air pollution is a major problem in many cities worldwide. China and India show 60% of load of Total suspended particulates and PM2.5 in the Asian countries. Several studies are undertaken to monitor the air pollution and health hazards in the world. (Ref. 1-3). Respiratory and cardiopulmonary illness strongly related to air quality (3-5) and reported mortality, emergency and daily hospital admission with air pollution fluctuating levels in the western countries (6-8). However, few studies only observed in Asian region (9). According to World Health Organization (WHO) (10) air pollution is linked with 800,000 death cases. Lost life years measured as annually around 4.6 million.