PURPOSE
The purpose of the experiment is to determine the temperature, in degrees Celsius, at which all particle motion stops (absolute zero).
MATERIALS
Before assembling the materials, put on safety glasses FIRST, then prepare a clean, dry workspace (away from food) with all of the necessary materials.
1/8 cup water
small pan of ice water
1 empty aluminum soda can
Tongs or oven mitt
Borosilicate glass beaker (600 mL)
#1, 1-hole rubber stopper
6” test tube
Celsius thermometer
50-mL graduated cylinder
Stove top
Ice
Bucket or large pot
Gloves
Goggles
PROCEDURES
SAFETY FIRST: Since you will be heating water on a stove top, this lab requires adult supervision.
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It was then placed in the ice bath, in which immediately the can slightly collapse on itself. In part two of the experiment, the prepared ice bath temperature measured at 1°C (T2). While the heated bath temperature stabilized around 85°C (T1) after 5 minutes, where it also began to simmer. The test tube with the rubber stop in the heated bath had no water for the entire 5 minutes. When the test tube was placed inside the ice bath for 5 minutes water appeared to flow inside the test tube. The amount of water that flowed into the test tube measured at 5 mL (Vw). When determining the volume of the test tube in the 100 mL graduated cylinder with 30 mL of water, it displaced the water up to 74 mL. Thus determining the volume of the test tube as 34 mL …show more content…
In which the graph is directly proportional to the volume and the temperature. As temperature increases, the volume increases, which exhibits a linear function. Therefore a linear equation can be made by using the two given points (85 (T1), 34 (V1 ) and (1 (T2), 29 (V2). By using the slope formula, the slope turn out to be 0.0595 mL/°C. From this the y and x intercept can derived from the slope when setting either x or y as zero to solve for the other. In this case, when x is one of the points such as 1 the y intercept can be solved to be 28.9. When setting y to zero and solving for x the value comes out to be -484(°C) which is the value in which the volume is 0. When comparing it to the actual absolute zero (-273.15°C) it is -77.2% off from the actual value in which the volume is suppose to be zero. At the end, the experiment correlated with Charles ' Law. This can be explained with water entering the test tube. In which lower temperature lowers the volume of the gas in the tube (water going in reducing the volume). When referring to absolute zero, it refers to 0 thermal energy, and in context scientists were able to cool down matter that is very close to this number but did not achieve absolute zero. For gases many factors that contribute on whether gas escape the atmosphere, this include the mass of gas, temperature, gravity, and planet size. The reason Charles ' Law uses the Kelvin scale
First, 100 mL of regular deionized water was measured using a 100 mL graduated cylinder. This water was then poured into the styrofoam cup that will be used to gather the hot water later. The water level was then marked using a pen on the inside of the cup. The water was then dumped out, and the cup was dried. Next, 100 mL of regular deionized water was measured using a 100 mL graduated cylinder, and the fish tank thermometer was placed in the water. Once the temperature was stabilizing in the graduated cylinder, the marked styrofoam cup was filled to the mark with hot water. Quickly, the temperature of the regular water was recorded immediately before it was poured into the styrofoam cup. The regular/hot water was mixed for a couple seconds, and the fish tank thermometer was then submerged into the water. After approximately 30 seconds, the temperature of the mixture leveled out, and was recorded. This was repeated three
The procedure of the lab on day one was to get a ring stand and clamp, then put the substance in the test tube. Then put the test tube in the clamp and then get a Bunsen burner. After that put the Bunsen burner underneath the test tube to heat it. The procedure of the lab for day two was almost exactly the same, except the substances that were used were different. The
The key to keeping any task, especially this one, flowing smoothly is gathering all the materials so they are within reach. Having the materials near helps the process go by quickly, for you are not constantly stopping to search for materials needed at that time.
The thermometer’s original temperature before coming in contact with an outside object is represented by T. ∆T/∆t is the average temperature of the digital thermometer. represents the temperature of the heat flowing object. In this lab, the temperature of the air is represented by Tair=T. To= Thand is the temperature of the hand.
4. Pour about 300mL of tap water into the beaker. Set up a hot-water bath using a hot plate, retort stand, and thermometer clamp. Alternatively, use a Bunsen burner, retort stand, ring clamp, thermometer clamp, and wire gauze.
Wait until the water boils and record the temperature to make sure that it is 100 degrees
In a Styrofoam cup, record the temperature of the 200 ml of cold water. This is 200 g of water, as the density of water is 1 g/ml.
After the water, has been boiling for 10 minutes, and the temperature inside the test tube has been stable for 5 minutes, record the temperature and remove the thermometer.
INTRODUCTION The winter season can be a major hassle for some people while others just have to deal with a slight cool down in temperatures. Over the northern portions of the country, people are faced to deal with the harsh conditions that Mother Nature has in store. Some winter seasons are less brutal than others. Besides the typical storm systems that come through the area and drop different types of precipitation whether it is snow, sleet, or freezing rain, there’s another weather event that affects not everyone in the country, but primarily around the Great Lakes.
The purpose of the lab was to show the effect of temperature on the rate of
- Temperature was measured after and exact time i.e. 1 minute, 2 minutes, 3 minutes.
is the Kelvin scale. On the Kelvin scale absolute zero has a value of zero
Lab Protocols Through trial and error my class and I have learned that screwing around and misbehaveing in lab not only results in multiple page papers, but can also be harmful, dangerous, and costly to our teacher and school. There are many rules or "protocols" that should be followed in a lab enviroment. In this situation there are ten basic rules that must be followed at all times while participating in lab experiments. These are here for our own safety and should be followed for this reason.
Quantum thermodynamic scientists are aiming to explore the behavior outside the lines of conventional thermodynamics. This exploration could be used for functional cases, which include “improving lab-based refrigeration techniques, creating batteries with enhanced capabilities and refining technology of quantum computing.” (Merali P.1). However, this field is still in an early state of exploration. Experiments, including the one that is being performed at Oxford University, are just beginning to test these predictions. “A flurry of attempts has been made to calculate how thermodynamics and the quantum theory might combine” (Merali P. 1). However, quantum physicist Peter Hänggi stated that “there is far too much theory and not enough experiment” (Merali P.1) in this field of study, which is why its credibility is undermined. Nevertheless, people are starting to put more effort into understanding quantum thermodynamics in order to make
Also, when we put the insulation cans in warn water the water heated up the can. And lastly, in the insulated can experiments, both cooling and heating, when the cans temperature was changed it in turn changed the air temperature