Research Paper
In this paper I will be comparing and contrasting three researched based articles regrading positive Behavior Support (PBS). PBS is a method of inhibiting maladaptive behaviors by teaching and reinforcing positive behaviors (Lynnette, Young, & Marchant, 2004). This method is critical in helping students with behavior disorders be able to learn in a classroom environment. A student that have a behavior disorders can posiable be a major distraction in the classroom impeding their education and their classmates’ education. In fact, Research has found the number one concern of many teachers and administrators is aggressive behavior by students in the classroom (Lynnette, Young, & Marchant, 2004). These behaviors have made it difficult
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Both students were close to repeating the third grade and have serious behavior problem displayed in the classroom and at home. A PBS plan was created as an intervention to get these students back on track in the classroom. The goals were to prevent aggressive and distracting behaviors in the classroom that was impeding their education. The methods used in their PBS plan were self-monitoring, teacher and peer mediated support, and positive reinforcement (Lynnette, Young, & Marchant, 2004). The positive reinforcement used most often was praise for appropriate behaviors and a token economy system administrated by teachers and paraprofessionals that interacted with the students (Lynnette, Young, & Marchant, 2004). The result of the plan was an immediate improvement in their socially appropriate classroom behavior. This was measured by comparing their behavior in a sample of same-aged student evaluated by their teachers (Lynnette, Young, & Marchant, 2004). All in all, the researcher found a major difference in the two student’s behavior in the classroom that lead to them improving …show more content…
Unfortunately, there are many obstacles implanting PBS school wide. For instance, In the article “Identifying Barriers and Facilitators in Implementing Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support” the author describes the barriers that teacher and administrators face in facilitating the PBS method. The researcher sets out to find why PBS is successful in one school but not the other. They invited schools that have been trained and implementing PBS for at least a year to a forum and examined their experiences by asking them questions (Safran, 2006). Two of the following questions that they asked was “What have been the barriers to implementing schoolwide positive behavior support in your school or district?” and "What can we do to better promote successful implementation across a number of schools and districts?" (Safran, 2006). They found that the schools that had trouble implementing PBS school-wide identified high turnover, time. lack of knowledge. philosophical differences, misunderstanding, and misperceptions as barriers in successfully implementing PBS in their school (Safran, 2006). In the end the researcher concluded providing training and support for the educator would alleviate many of the problems that prevents them from successfully implementing the PBS method school
A token economy is an intensive, in-class positive reinforcement program for building up and maintaining appropriate classroom performance and behavior. A token program may be needed when other positive reinforcement programs, such as selective use of teacher attention or a home-based reinforcement program. In many different education settings a material reward program can be conveniently managed through a token reinforcement program. Token programs involve the distribution of physical tokens (for example, poker chips, stickers, stars, smiley faces, etc.) or points following appropriate behavior. The tokens or points can be accumulated throughout the day and exchanged for designated rewards at a specified time. A predetermined goal is set for the number of tokens or points required to earn a reward. I chose this area of study for my paper because I believe a token economy no matter what setting it is in it has strong advantages with children with disabilities as well as home schooled children. I believe that a token economy is one of the most powerful behavioral interventions for improving school behavior. Token programs allow for the use of more powerful incentives than are typically in place in the classroom. In addition, token programs have the advantage of providing more immediate rewards than home-based programs.
In a classroom setting, there are many systems of behavior management. Behavior management uses different strategies to either decrease an unwanted behavior, such as a temper tantrum, or increase a desirable behavior, such as the completion of homework assignments. A common way for modifying behavior in a classroom setting is known as a token economy. The goal of a token economy system is to increase a target behavior through the usage of tokens that are exchangeable for backup reinforcers (Alberto & Troutman, 2009, pg. 230). According to Alberto and Troutman (2009), token economies are used in both special education classrooms, as well as general education classrooms.
Additionally, aggression is a concerning behavior that Saita has engaged in on multiple occasions throughout the current school year, therefore, aggression should be addressed too. In order to address the current target behaviors, I recommend implementing the following behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) that will utilize the student success skills intervention model. After Saita participates in multiple small group sessions and classroom sessions with the school counselor, his BIP will address the following: A. Learning how to ask appropriate questions and identify when a break is needed Allowing Saita to engage in a requested activity and/or task after waiting for designated period of time, or completing a short amount of items (that will consist of taking no more than five minutes).
Scheuermann, B., & Hall, J. (2012). Positive behavioral supports for the classroom. (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc. ISBN # 10:0132147831
In the 21st century, teachers experience many behavioral issues with students in the classroom and face challenges that are very difficult to resolve. School districts have different expectations about how students must behave during school and teachers have their own expectations about how students must behave in their classroom. Every educator has different classroom expectations and students must follow specific standards; therefore, the responsibility of the teacher is to discuss the standards with all students and make sure those expectations are clear. According to Jones and Jones (2016), teachers whose students made greater achievement gains were observed establishing rules and procedures, and carefully monitoring student’s work. In
According to the article urban schools face many challenges including (among others) limited resources, poverty, and diversity. School wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) was a strategy used to address these and other needs with a benefit of helping promote a safe school climate. This is what drew me to this article since we are examining Safe Schools. According to Goodman-Scott, Hays, & Cholewa (2018) this article was a qualitative single-case study examining the patterns related to the implementation of PBIS in an urban middle school along with the role of the school counselor in PBIS (p. 98). The case study looked for processes and outcomes of PBIS implementation and leaders’ perceptions of the role of the counselor
Wehby, J. H. (2003, February). Promoting academic success as an incompatible behavior. Paper presented at the Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders International Forum, Las Vegas, NV.
As teachers, we are often expending more of our energy than is necessary by not taking time to implement a more comprehensive approach toward behavior management. In many cases one will need only a few of these strategies in place to create a positive behavioral support plan.
There are different ways that a teacher can deal with a student’s undesirable behavior. Some of these strategies are: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment or extinction. The type of r...
In this paper I will be discussing the information I have learned from the article “From Positive Reinforcement to Positive Behaviors”, by Ellen A. Sigler and Shirley Aamidor. The authors stress the importance of positive reinforcement. The belief is that teachers and adults should be rewarding appropriate behaviors and ignoring the inappropriate ones. The authors’ beliefs are expressed by answering the following questions: Why use positive reinforcement?, Are we judging children’s behaviors?, Why do children behave in a certain way?, Do we teach children what to feel?, Does positive reinforcement really work?, and How does positive reinforcement work?. The following work is a summary of "Positive Reinforcement to Positive Behaviors" with my thoughts and reflection of the work in the end.
A Positive Behavior Support System (PBSS) is a school-wide approach to help establish the social culture and behavioral supports that are needed for all of the children in a school to ensure the achievement of both social and academic success. Because school principals play a pivotal role in the success of the school community it is, without a doubt, important that the principal play an important role in developing and implementing a PBSS in their school.
In the United States 20% of the adult population report that they are living a flourishing life (Keyes, 2002). However, a high percentage reports feeling as if they are ‘‘stuck’’ or ‘‘want more’’ and are yet not diagnosable with a mental disorder (Fredrickson, 2008). Because happiness has been found to be the source of many desirable life outcomes e.g. career success, marriage, and health, it is of importance to understand, how languishing individuals can reach this ideal state: How can well-being be enhanced and misery reduced (Lyubomirsky, King, & Diener, 2005). Over the past decade, research in the field of positive psychology has emerged to provide evidence-based methods to increase an individual’s psychological well-being, through so called positive psychology interventions (PPI’s). PPI’s are treatment methods or intentional activities used to promote positive feelings or behaviour. PPI’s vary from writing gratitude letters, practicing optimistic thinking and replaying positive experiences. A meta-analysis of 51 independent PPI studies demonstrated significant results in the effectiveness of PPI’s increasing well-being (49 studies; r = .29) (Sin & Lyubomirsky, 2009).
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that Conjoint Behavioral Consultation (CBC) is effective when educators and parents need to address learning and behavioral problems with students. Home-school positive collaboration results in an increase on-task and compliance behavior of students as well as an increase in teacher rating of behavioral control. For this study, positive behavioral support and evidence-based interventions (EBI) was used to address the student’s off-task and noncompliance behaviors.
Classroom management, involving all the strategies used by teachers in order to provide order in the classroom, can be regarded as an essential for effective teaching and learning. According to Davis (1981), “basic classroom management is just plain good sense. Yet, it can be as personal as your private lifestyle” (p.79). One of the biggest challenge teachers face day in and day out is dealing with behavior of children and young pupils in classroom. Therefore, the classroom practice of individual teachers would be the key aspect of improving the behavior of pupils in schools (Hart, 2010). One of the significant attribute of promise to teaching, especially in classroom behavior management, is teacher’s sense of efficacy. According to Woolfolk-Hoy (2000), development of self-efficacy is essential for producing effective, committed and ardent teachers, Moreover, teachers who are trained to be more effective in meeting both academic and non-academic student needs create a positive and successful classroom environment for all students (Alvares, 2007). The importance of self-efficacy in behavior management has been highlighted by Martin, linfoot, and stephenson (1999) who proposed that teacher’ responses to misbehavior may be mediated by their beliefs about their ability to deal with behavior, as well as their beliefs about the causes of student misbehavior.
The article focuses on the importance of teacher-student relationships, especially for students with behavioral problems and learning disabilities. As the article mentions, the quality of interaction among teachers and students has a significant impact on student academic achievement at each grade level. Positive teacher-student relationship is one of the most critical components of effective classroom management. In fact, “When teacher-student relationships improve, concurrent improvements in classroom behavior such as reductions in aggression and increases in compliance with rules can be expected” (Alderman & Green, 2011, p. 39). The article centers on the social powers model, which entail the use of coercion, manipulation, expertness,