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Essay on microscope history
Essay on the history of the microscope article
History of microscopy essay
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The earliest microscope magnified the object ten times the actual size. They were made up of a tube with a plate for the object at one end and, at the other, a lens which magnified the object. In 1609, Galileo worked with the lenses and made more advanced instrument with a focusing device. Anton van Leeuwenhoek taught himself methods of polishing tiny lenses of extreme curvature which gave best magnification of that time up to 270 diameters. This led to the building of his microscopes and his discoveries. He was also the first to see and explain yeast plants, bacteria, life in a drop of water, and the circulation of blood corpuscles in capillaries. In his life, he used his microscope to make lots of discover on living and nonliving things. Robert Hooke who came after Leeuwenhoek improved his discoveries using his copy of microscope. In 19th century, Charles A. Spencer build a microscope that gave magnification up to 1250 diameter with lights. He also founded an industry that created microscopes (Bells, History of Microscope, About.com). A light microscope cannot show objects that are smaller than half the wavelength of light. As a result, Electron microscopes were invented in 1930s by Germans, Maz Knoll and Ernst Ruska. They were awarded Nobel Prize for physics in 1986 for this invention. The way this work microscope worked was by speeding up the electrons in a vacuum until their wavelength got very short, only one hundred-thousandth that of white light. The fast moving electrons beams are focused on cell and absorbed or scattered by the cell’s parts so as to form an image. Electron Microscopes can enlarge objects as small as diameter of an atom. Unfortunately, there is a disadvantage that ... ... middle of paper ... ...an them up which takes plenty of time depending on the specimen. The pros are you can see fresh and alive specimen unlike permanent slide. Permanent slides last a long time and are made with special liquid and uses different cover slip. They are usually brought from a science labs and other places. Two most used slides are flat and concave. Flat slides are rectangular with 90 degrees corners. they have to handle them with care to avoid minor finger cuts. The concave slides contain surface depression for liquid and larger specimen. These slides can be used without a cover, but you have to be careful to not make contact with lenses. Cover slips are used to cover the specimen and to keep it in place. The cover slip is square, thin, and transparent. They come in two sizes identified as number 1 and 2. Number 1 cover are .13-.17mm thick and number 2 covers are .17-.25mm.
In 1653 Leeuwenhoek made his first microscope, a simple microscope like a magnifying glass used by textile merchants to count threads. The day he made his first Leeuwenhoek soon discovered it wouldn't be his last and just like that he opened a door to the small yet magnificent wonders of the world. As Antonie discovered his new hobby he also discovered that it wasn't a cheap hobby, s...
Galileo Galilei was born in 1564, and was invested into science. Due to rumors in the year of 1609, about a Dutch who invented a device that zoomed in on distant objects (this was known as a spyglass earlier in the years, now its known as a telescope. He heard that a patent had been requested, but was not granted. There was a lot of value in this because the methods were kept secret, and this could be used in the military for Holland. Due to the rumors, Galilei was soon determined and driven to construct his own spyglass. Within 24 hours, only using his knowledge, experimentation, and pieces of the rumors, and never seeing the actual Dutch spyglass, Galilei soon found himself building a 3-power telescope. With some tweaks, he soon had a 10 power-telescope. From here, he demonstrated this it a Senate, and his salary was raised, and honored with proclamations. This shows how smart Galilei was, being able to construct his own telescope with nothing but his brain.
For example Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler were involved in a science called astronomy. Astronomy was the branch of science that deals with heavenly objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole. Different scientists invented different discoveries that changed our world today. Copernicus was a scientists who lived in Italy for many years, and discovered modern astronomy. Study and calculation led him to the conclusion that the earth turns upon its own axis, and, together with the planets, revolves around the sun, which led to his theory called the Copernican Theory. Another scientists who was involved in astronomy was Galileo. Galileo made one of the first telescopes, which was very powerful. He discovered the phases of Venus and sunspots, confirming that the sun rotates, and that the planets orbit around the Sun, not around the Earth. Galileo believed that these discoveries committed to the Copernican Theory. Kepler was another scientist involved in astronomy, he worked out the mathematical laws which govern the movements of the planets. He made it clear that the planets revolve around sun in elliptical instead of circular orbits. Kepler's investigations afterwards led to the discovery of the principle of gravitation. Vesalius and Harvey were involved in a science called anatomy. Anatomy was the the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms. Vesalius studied in Italian medical schools, he was the founder of modern human anatomy, and wrote a very famous interesting books on human anatomy called De humani corporis fabrica. His discoveries consisted of the skeletal system, muscular system, vascular and circulatory system, nervous system, abdominal organs, the heart, and the brain. Vesalius discovered that the skulls mandible consists of only one bone. The sternum which is made up of three parts is also one of
Antoni and Hook were known for the development of the microscope. Before Antoni improved the microscope, the microscope could only magnify objects 20 or 30 times their natural size. Antoni, a Dutch lens-maker, learned to grind a lens that magnified over 200 times. One of Antoni’s inspirations came from a publication by Robert Hooke’s book Micrographia. In this book the term cell was used to describe the basic unit of a structure in plants and animal life. Hooker wrote about his observations through various lenses. Newton was the most important figure in the scientific revolution because of his book the Principia. In this publication Newton describes the universe and its guidelines. In this he created the universal law of gravity and its mathematical equation. He demonstrates that every object exerts an attraction to a greater or lesser degree on all objects. The Principia led to the creation of the Royal Society in
Photography has been around for nearly 200 years and has advanced dramatically with the new technology. In 1826, when the first photograph was taken photography was a very basic art form, but soon after photographers figured out how to manipulate their photos. In today’s society, it is almost unheard of to look at photographs that are raw and unedited, but has it always been this way? Dating back to the first photograph in 1826 by Joseph Nicephore Niepce, photography seemed to be raw, but only a few decades after those photographers discovered they could alter their photos to make them more appealing (“Harry Ransom Center”). Over the past 200 years photos of all different subjects have been manipulated through history and technology seems to be the culprit.
A poem without any complications can force an author to say more with much less. Although that may sound quite cliché, it rings true when one examines “The Fish” by Elizabeth Bishop. Elizabeth’s Bishop’s poem is on an exceedingly straightforward topic about the act of catching a fish. However, her ability to utilize thematic elements such as figurative language, imagery and tone allows for “The Fish” to be about something greater. These three elements weave themselves together to create a work of art that goes beyond its simple subject.
He was the first to study the sky with a telescope, in doing this he discovered craters and mountains on the moon. His other discovery was that moons orbit Jupiter. Galileo also learned about mechanics, or the study of objects and motion. He observed and he did experiments to test his observations. He is the “father of experimental science” due to this.
One can almost feel the searing penetration of Lewis Thomas’ analytical eye as it descends the narrow barrel of the microscope and explodes onto a scene of vigorous, animated, interactive little cells—cells inescapably engrossed in relaying messages to one another with every bump and bounce; with every brush of the elbow, lick of the stamp, and click of the mouse…
...ay, remains one of the greatest figures in astronomy. However, his endeavors were not just limited to this field. He is often called the founder of modern optics for his first use of eyeglasses designed for nearsightedness and farsightedness, his explanations of vision by refraction within the eyes, and his explanation of the use of both eyes for depth perception. Furthermore, he explained the principles of the telescope.
One definition of a microscope is "an optical instrument that uses a lens or a combination of lenses to produce magnified images of objects." Holden Caufield can be symbolized by a microscope and its parts: the field of view, the focus, and the magnifier.
One of the greatest revolutions was the invention of the microscope in 1590 (“Zoologists”). This invention opened up a whole new world to all scientists, not merely zoologists. The ability to substantially magnify an organism enabled the discovery of cells and gave scientists a greater understanding about how animals function.
He was one of the first who created the "looker" (now called telescope) by placing two pieces of lenses together. The discovery that placing lenses together can magnify images was made by children who took Lippershey's spectacles and looked at a distant church tower. One of the most influential scientists associated with the telescope has to be Galileo. He took the design and reinvented the telescope into one of the first refractive telescopes we use to this day. Galileo used this great invention to report astronomical facts such as the moon is covered with craters instead of being smooth, the Milky Way is composed of millions of stars, and Jupiter has four moons.
al, M. M. (2011). Scanning probe microscopy: Measuring on hard surfaces. NanoCon. Czech Republic: NaonCon.
Figure 1: Image of the nanoscale, this illustration shows how small things at the nanoscale really are (nano.gov, 2013).
are just located at the end of the slide. A specimen showing low a low platelet count