E. faecalis accounts for many nosocomial infections in hospitals. An increase in devises such as IV’s and catheters are linked to the leading cause of infections. They are mostly isolated from samples of human intestine. They are normal inhabitants for urinary tract infections, bacteremia, meningitis and wounds. These infections mostly occur after abdominal surgery. Urinary tract infections are said to be the third most common diseases E. faecalis can cause.
Urinary tract infection also known as (UTI) is an infection in any part of your urinary system. It includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. However UTI gets serious when it spreads to your kidneys. Urinary tract infection occurs by the entrance of a bacterium into the urinary tract and begins to reproduce in the bladder. When that happens, bacteria may take over and grow into an infection in the urinary tract.
There are two types of bladder infections; one is cystitis a type of UTI usually caused by E. coli, bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract. It can also be acquired through sexual intercourse but not always. The body structure of women is always at risk of this type of bladder infection due to the distance from the urethra to the bladder. Another bladder infection is urethritis a type of UTI which can occur when gestational tract bacteria spread from the anus to the urethra. This also leads to sexual infections, such as herpes, gonorrhea and chlamydia. Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than men.
Signs and symptoms of UTI may include a strong urge to urinate with a burning sensation when urinating. A person with UTI tends to pass frequent and small amounts of urine. Urine also appears cloudy; a sign of blood in the urine with a strong-smell....
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...lycosides and at times vancomycin are said to be a drug resistant to E. faecalis. However with disinfectants, E. faecalis is resistant to hydrogen peroxide and susceptible to alcohol. This pathogen is inactive or destroyed when it’s in a temperature above 80 degrees Celsius. Outside of host, E. faecalis can survive in harsh surroundings comprising of plants, soil, water and food. They can also tolerate lengthy periods of food deprivation. Antibiotic resistance also known as optochin makes treatment of an infection caused by E.faecalis difficult to cure.
In conclusion E. faecalis can cause severe life-threating disease in humans and mammals especially in our health care environments. They have increased in antibiotic resistance and are also becoming very challenging for physicians to treat. Recently stronger and more specific antibiotics are being newly developed.
Enterococcus faecalis is a genus of gram positive cocci and form short chains or are arranged in pairs. They are nonmotile, facultative anaerobic organisms and can survive in harsh conditions in nature. There are over 15 species of the Enterococcus genus but about 90% of clinical isolates are E. faecalis. E. faecalis is a nosocomial pathogen because it is commonly found in the hospital environment and can cause life-threatening infections in humans. It is a bacterium that normally inhabits the intestinal tract in humans and animals but when found in other body locations it can cause serious infections. The most common sites for E. faecalis infections are the heart, bloodstream, urinary tract, and skin wounds. Due to vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, many antibiotics have been shown ineffective in the treatment. In this paper, I will describe the ecology and pathology of E. faecalis; the antibacterial resistance; treatment; and, what you can do to prevent Enterococcus infection.
Symptoms for urethritis are mild including frequency of urination and pyuria (presence of white blob cells in the urine). Cystitis (bladder infection) symptoms are easier to distinguish and include back pain, concentrated appearance, urgency, hematuria (presence of red blood cells in the urine), a...
Cystitis is the medical term for inflammation of the urinary bladder. Most of the time, the inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection, and it’s called a urinary tract infection. A bladder infection can be painful and annoying, and it can become a serious health problem if the infection spreads to your kidney.
Adegoke AA, Tom M, Okoh AI, Jacob S (2010) Studies on multiple antibiotic resistant bacterial isolated from surgical site infection. Scient Res. Essays 5:3876-81.
Many children around the world , especially in third world countries suffer many bacterial infection of the gastrointestinal system as a result of lack of awareness and the spread of the disease in the less attention to hygiene and the environment . In order to explain this word gastrointestinal tract infection , especially the stomach and intestines , it can result from infection by bacteria or virus or other parasites (1) . Some of the causes of inflammation as a result of eating food poisoning , especially meat and eggs . However , some symptoms of severe cases are headache , nausea , vomiting , general weakness , diarrhea and pain , the illness begins suddenly with high fever , vomiting , abdominal pain and stool liquid to water that may contain some blood and mucus . The result of drought through loss of fluids and salts and lead an alliance with the poisoning to the collapse of the circulatory system in diseases such as cholera (2) . It must be conducted in diagnosing bacterial to find the source of infection because it causes illness and death of millions in the third world and in particularly children as mentioned . In this report will refer to the most common types of bacteria cause gastrointestinal tract infection for example , Shigella , Salmonella , Vibrio and Campylobacter (3) . First of all , Shigella is gram negative , nonmotile , non lactose fermenting and H2S production . There are four important species , S. sonnei , S. flexneri , S. boydii and S. dysenteriae is the most serious . Next is Salmonella which is gram negative as well , non lactose fermenting and production H2S . These species are S. typhi and S. paratyphi found in humans and animals . Finally , Campylobacter is gram negati...
Johnson, J., & Russo, T. (2002). Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli : “The other bad E coli ”. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 139(3), 155-162.
What is a UTI? It is an infection caused in your urinary system including your bladder, kidneys, or urethra. UTIs are most common in females rather than males, and if not treated will cause serious consequences. A urinary tract infection can be caused
Enterococcus faecalis species is known to be the most common of Enterococci. Enterococcus faecalis is a gram positive bacteria. It is Non-Acid Fast. There are no endospores, but capsules are present. Enterococcus faecalis or Enterococci live within our GI tract, they also can be found in the mouth and vagina. They normally live inside our intestines without problems, the problem occurs when Enterococcus faecalis leaves our intestines, it can create an infection in the blood, urine, or in wounds. E. faecalis can cause a problem in people with a lowered immune system because they are more infection prone for example cancer patients, people on dialysis, people who have HIV or AIDS, transplant patients, etc. Interesting note about E. faecalis is
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are responsible for more than 8.1 million visits to physicians' offices per year and about five percent of all visits to primary care physicians. Approximately 40 percent of women and 12 percent of men will experience at least one symptomatic urinary tract infection during their lifetime (Sanchez, Gupta, & Hitler, 2012).
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as the infection in any of the structures of urinary tract such as kidney, ureter, bladder and urethra (Balenine 2016). The urinary tract infection that is caused in any hospitals or health care centre or relating to any therapeutic treatment is said to be nosocomial urinary tract infection (Lacovelli et al., 2014). Nosocomial infection or Hospital acquired infection is defined as the infection which is obtained in the body due to h...
Ladhani, S. and Gransden, W. (2003). Increasing Antibiotic Resistance among Urinary Tract Isolates. Arch Dis Child 2003; 88:444-445.
Hospital acquired infections are spread by numerous routes including contact, intravenous routes, air, water, oral routes, and through surgery. The most common types of infections in hospitals include urinary tract infections (32%), surgical site infections (22%), pneumonia (15%), and bloodstream infections (14%). ( book). The most common microorganisms associated with the types of infections are Esherichila coli, Enterococcus species, Staphylococcus auerus, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.(secondary) Urinary tract infections occur when one or more of microorganisms enter the urinary system and affect the bladder and/or the kidneys. These infections are often associated improper catheterization technique. Surgical site infections occur after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. These infections may involve the top of the skin, the tissue under the skin, organs, or blood vessels. Surgical site infections sometimes take days or months after surgery to develop. The infections can be cause by improper hand washing, dressing change technique, or improper surgery procedure. Pneumonia can also become a hospital acquired infection. Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a type of lung in...
Urinary Tract Infection, also known as UTI, occurs in two common locations, the bladder and kidneys. The kidneys are important organs that aid in filtering out waste products from blood and maintaining water distribution throughout the body. The waste products are filtered out via bladder, which is the reason of the bladder being the second site for the infection. A normal human being has two kidneys, one on left and right side, a bean shaped organ, and is located at the back of the abdomen. “Each kidney is about 11.5 cm long, 5-7.5 cm broad, 5 cm thick, and weight about 150 grams” (HealthInfoNet, Paragraph 2). Furthermore, a bacterium named Escherichia coli lives in both the kidneys and the GI tract. E. coli is part of the human body and produces
Bacteria can be found in healthy urine, so usually a doctor bases it off symptoms and the lab tests. For the people with reappearing UTIs, and for patients in the hospital, the urine may be seriously infected and civilized. The experiment is resolved by placing part of the urine in a test tube with a certain substance that makes the bacteria multiply, after this process is finished, they can be identified. Another test that can be taken is the sensitivity test, the test tests for sensitivity to different medicines and antibiotics to see which medication is best for treating the persons severe infection. If a person has recurrent UTIs, the doctor may order some extra exams to determine if the person’s urinary tract can get back to being