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Adaptation in the army
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The Battle of Kasserine Pass was an engagement that came about during WWII, had a number of encounters that came about around the Kasserine Pass, which was a gap that was the width of about two miles in the Atlas Mountains. The German Panzer Army was lead by Field Marshal Edwin Rommel a highly revered commander in the German Army. Rommel considered his movement north through Tunisia making his attack through the Kasserine Pass meeting the U.S. Corps main strength head on at Tebesssa.
Rommel might gain very important provisions from the U.S. sites eliminating the military Allies ability to attack the coastal corridor, whereas at the same time menacing the southern flanks of 1st Army. In theory, the German army was at a drawback totally on the shortcomings adequately to provide for their units. Nevertheless they did have an enormous benefit above the allied forces they had a well structured and collective authority. It was obvious who commanded the German armed forces in comparison to the Allied forces were in exceedingly unpleasant disarray.
On 19 February 1943, Rommel launched an assault and personally led the attack. Inside minutes, the lines of the U.S. were overrun. Their light weight guns and tracked vehicles had, no likelihood of winning against the larger German equipment, and that they had, little or no expertise in armored combat. The Panzer and Tiger tracked vehicles fended off every single attack with ease, the Allied track vehicles they faced were menial in firepower and armament additionally their crew members far less experienced.
Under dangerous tank assault, the American forces on Highway 13 conjointly gave way throughout the night, with men at all points falling back before the Italian 131st Armored Division. U....
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...created a situation where you had two inexperienced leaders in charge, as not all excelled and was evident with the loss of lives. Today's NCO has been charged with taking care of Soldiers, in the current battles of GWOT and learning from pros and cons of the past, has greatly improved how military forces of today operate under the mentorship of the NCO.
Conclusion
Understanding the past and the many shortcomings, it has not been uncommon for the military to repeat actions from conflicts, as it seems to happen second nature to planners as change has not occurred. With the difference, of conflicts were fighting has gone from the jungle to the desert and into the mountainous regions adaptation has occurred. The development of effective doctrine and policy must take into account an applicable prospective of history in the application of clear doctrinal philosophy.
The Non Commissioned Officer (NCO); the "backbone" of the Marine Corps. The driving force behind the battle of Belleau Wood, the battle of Hue City, the fight for Fallujiah, the taking of Marjah and, most recently, the battle against suicide and sexual harassment. No other group of men and women in the world have been called to fight across such a broad area of operation. As we look at the ever-adapting role of the NCO, we must first look to the past. One of the foremost examples that comes to mind is John Basilone. To Marines, Basilone needs no introduction. He was a hero, and Sergeant when he was awarded the Medal of Honor. No words can better describe his heroism than his citation. “For extraordinary heroism and conspicuous gallantry in action against enemy Japanese forces, above and beyond the call of duty, while serving with the 1st Battalion, 7th Marines, 1st Marine Division in the Lunga Area, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, on 24 and 25 October 1942. While the enemy was hammering at the Marines' defensive positions, Sgt. Basilone, in charge of 2 sections of heavy machine guns, fought valiantly to check the savage and determined assault. In a fierce frontal attack with the Japanese blasting his guns with grenades and mortar fire, one of Sgt. Basilone's sections, with its gun crews, was put out of action, leaving only 2 men able to carry on. Moving an extra gun into position, he placed it in action, then, under continual fire, repaired another and personally manned it, gallantly holding his line until replacements arrived. A little later, with ammunition critically low and the supply lines cut off, Sgt. Basilone, at great risk of his life and in the face of continued enemy attack, battled his way through hostile lines wit...
While many of these changes include the advancements in technology and ingenuity, nothing can replace the rich history, proud culture, and bright future of the NCO Corps. Though several additional factors doubtlessly play roles in the strength and continuity of the corps, I do not believe any have contributed to the extent of the solid rank structure, efficient training network, and passionate NCO Creed. These elements have worked together in continuously strengthening and molding the NCO Corps, and they will remain building blocks that will project the Army into the
Bell, K. (1998, 11). Innovative general 'tiger jack' wood commanded the 4th armored division during its lightning dash across France. World War II, 13, 72.
The positions that were held by the Americans were enviable, the line between the two Axis forces; von Arnim’s army in the north and Rommel’s in the south-central, were stretched thin and weak. The center of the Allied Forces with a significant strike would be able to pierce the defenses on the coastlines and separate them all the way to Sfax. The joint forces manned the line from the northern parts of the country to the south, with the British military undoubtedly the most prepared of the joint forces. The American military marched along with the joint forces all the way through the country of Algeria to gain control and hold strategic battle positions on the eastern part of Tunisia Dorsal Mountains. The American Army had never before engaged in any major encounters with the Germans, who would later be nicknamed “the first team”. The lack of experience will prevail once Von Angrnim’s army in the north attacks the center of the Allied Forces. A line that was enforced by the French and the American Forces failed to come to the aid of the French. The Joint Forces were not impressed by the lack of actions and effort the American Forces had shown, which created doubts within the British and French forces about their Allies of the New World. The lack of training on the maneuver and tactical side of the operations, not only left the American Forces
“Arracourt was the greatest tank battle of the war on the Allied Front.” This is how US Major General John S. Wood described the Battle of Arracourt, which took place in the last weeks of September 1944 in Northern France. The Allied Forces had landed in Normandy in June 1944, and by the summer had broken out of their beachhead. This started the great pursuit of the German forces across northern France towards the German border. By early fall of 1944, General George S. Patton’s Third Army had raced across France faster than anyone had envisioned and was in place to cross the Moselle River in the Lorraine area. Here his forces would face supply issues due to their speed of advance, increasing resistance from prepared German forces, and increasingly difficult weather. Patton’s first obstacle was the Moselle River and the fortress city of Metz. After crossing the Moselle with most of the Third Army by mid September, the US Third Army’s armored units were engaged in the largest tank battles of the Western Front at Arracourt. The next phase of the campaign was to reorganize and train. In early November, the Third Army attacked again and was able to capture Metz by late November, and reached the Sarre River and the West Wall. During the long Lorraine Campaign in late 1944, the US Third Army armored units were able to overcome stiff enemy resistance, superior quality vehicles, hard terrain, and difficult weather with the use of superior tactics, doctrine and leadership.
In this paper, I will provide a Battle Analysis and outline the events leading up to and surrounding the Battle of 73 Eastings (refers to a north-south grid line). In addition, I will describe how the United States Army’s (USA) 2nd Armored Calvary Regiment (ACR) defeated forces from the Iraqi Republican Guard (IRG) using speed, technology and superior combat power. Although some consider the Battle of 73 Eastings extremely successful, some consider it a failure due to the large amount of Iraqi forces that retreated towards Bagdad. Lastly, I will analyze how each side used their intelligence assets and what they could have used to change the outcome.
With World War II lasting six years, there were many battles that had taken place. Three major events that are famous from this war are D-day, Pearl Harbor and Battle of Iwo Jima. D-day, which is where Saving Private Ryan begins, is known as the largest amphibious attack in history. Before the attack could take place though there was a lot of planning done. In months before the attack, General Dwight Eisenhower led allies in an operation to make Germany believe that their main target of invasion was Pas-de-Calais, along with a few other locations. The operation that led Germany to believe this was carried out by fake equipment, a phantom army located in England, counterfeit radio transmissions, and double agents. Once Eisenhower knew Germany was mislead, he led the troops into battle. This attack began with British, American, and Canadian forces landing on five different beaches all along the coast of Normandy on June 6, 1944. By the end of the first day approximately 156,000 al...
Staff Sergeant (SSGT) Louis Moeller shaped me into the Recon Marine I wanted to be and the Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) that I am now. By embodying the Recon Creed and always setting the example, he made me want to be an NCO that my troops would look up to and want to follow. Even when not in charge he was constantly the one peers and junior Marines alike, turned to for guidance and inspiration. To this day, I still find myself asking “What would Louis do?” when confronted with a leadership dilemma.
Warfare was in a state of transition. Older commanders and generals in the French and British militaries were very cavalry and infantry focused. These commanders believed that cavalry, infantry, and artillery would assure victory in any circumstance, against any foe. They clung to the static tactics of the bygone World War I era. World War I had been fought primarily on French soil, and the military as well as the government never wanted that to happen again, therefore they wanted to reinforce their main border against any future German. Little did they know that only twenty two years later they would be bested by German forces in a way that would shock the world. This research will be analyzing many important assumptions, oversights,...
It began to emerge the differences in tactics. The question was whether to continue so far the Supreme Allied Commander of the Allied Forces Europe, General Eisenhower’s tactics attacking on a broad front, or due to problems of supply to take just one mighty blow. In that period Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery developed a new operation plan, which would include the use of 1st Airborne Army (Lieutenant General Lewis H. Brereton), actually 1st Airborne Corps (Lieutenant General Frederick Browning). The Corps comprised of 82nd US Airborne Division (Brigadier General James M. Gavin), 101st US Airborne Division (Major General Maxwell D. Taylor), and 1st British Airborne Division (Major General Robert “Roy” E. Urquhart) supported with, under his command, 1st Polish Independent Parachute Brigade (Major General Stanislaw Sosabowski). These units should be dropped along the roa...
The amphibious landing along the beaches of Normandy known as “Operation Overlord” was one of the most complex and precarious undertakings in the history of warfare. Before “Operation Overlord,” the German army firmly occupied France with access to the industrial capacity of Western Europe. In anticipation of an Allied invasion, the Germans had built a series of heavily armed fortifications along the French coast known as the Atlantic Wall. Invaders would face three football fields of death and destruction crawling through barbed wire fences as Axis powers bore down from inland inflicting appalling casualties. The initial defensive of the Atlantic wall began at the water’s edge with obstructions to keep landing craft from approaching the beach. The outer barrier consisted of a string of steel obstructions called Cointet Gates. The next line of barriers positioned wooden stakes in the formation of tripods with the purpose of blowing holes in the bottom of landing craft. Omaha Beach had the highest density of any of the D-Day beaches with a total...
Current military leadership should comprehend the nature of war in which they are engaged within a given political frame in order to develop plans that are coherent with the desired political end state. According to Clausewitz, war is an act of politics that forces an enemy to comply with certain conditions or to destroy him through the use of violence. A nation determines its vital interests, which drives national strategy to obtain or protect those interests. A country achieves those goals though the execution of one of the four elements of power, which are diplomatic, informational, military and economical means. The use of military force...
The NCO Creed states, “I realize that I am a member of a time honored corps, which is known as “The Backbone of the Army” (‘The NCO Creed’). That verse alone should be the most inspiring part that all Noncommissioned Officers should love to hear because it’s true in many aspects. The question to ask is, are we driving it in the right direction. There has never been a time in our history when Soldiers needed competent and strong leaders more than today. The social complications that our young Soldiers face are beyond what any generation before them has had to endure and learn and navigate. The military are looking for leaders who can be role models for these Soldiers. Anyone can tell a soldier what to do, but a good leader can show, direct and motiva...
In conclusion, a good NCO is a leader who knows and follows the rules, as well as makes difficult decisions when the situation calls for doing so. There is no perfect NCO, since being an NCO embodies subjective qualities and dealing with problems that do not have single, perfect solutions. However, good NCOs do exist and without their efforts and dedication, the United States Army would not be the most powerful fighting force that it is today. References United States (2001) -. Preparing and Managing Correspondence:
The just war theory is described by Thomas Massaro in his book Living Justice as the “principle that warfare might be justified under certain conditions” (108). The complexities involved with international relations makes determining a just war very difficult. Even though historically pacifism hasn’t gained much traction within Catholic circles, it currently is gaining popularity with many mainstream Catholics. With so many differing views on military action, one might ask, “What determines a just war? How can we balance the need for peace with self-defense?” An examination of criteria for a just war and critiques written on this topic might shed light on these two questions.