Disease Report on Scabies
Scabies is a very unpleasant skin disease to acquire. This disease is also known as the human itch mite. In the medical field, it is known as Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Scabies have been around for centuries. Scabies was first documented in a letter written by Dr. Giovan Cosimo Bonomo on July, 18, 1687, to Francesco Redi2. This letter provided the first accurate presentation of the mite, with detailed drawings of its appearance. In this letter, Dr. Bonomo stated that “the sarcoptes scabiei could be transmitted by direct contact, and it stuck to almost everything.” Dr. Bonomo made the discovery by going to villages that had the ‘itch’, and actually managed to obtain a ‘sac’ from people by sticking a needle in their skin and manipulating the mites out to study them. This significant study marked the first time that a microscopic organism could be the cause of the disease. Although the mite was known long before Dr. Bonomo described it, and widely documented, it was not considered to be the cause of the disease; it was believed to be caused by an internal ailment. (http://www.dermato.med.br/hds/bibliography/1998giovan-cosimo-bonomo.htm).
Within the documentation of Dr. Bonomos’ notes, he described the skin rash “with papules and severe itching.” Dr. Bonomo also wrote about the transmission of the mite, of which modern day descriptions are identical to his. Itching with rash and papules may affect much of the body, or be limited to more common sites, such as the wrists, waist, between the fingers, buttocks and shoulder blades. Most diagnosis of the scabies infestation is made upon the appearance and distribution of rash and the presence of burrows, but a definitive diagnosis is made by a skin scrapin...
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...nly includes prescribing the drugs and topical creams, but also educating the public on how to properly apply the cream by covering all skin surfaces from the neck down, not just the infected areas. With proper diagnosis and by following the treatment plan, scabies can be controlled.
Works Cited
Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases
(http://www.cdc.goc/scabies/)
Duke, James A. The Green Pharmacy Herbal Handbook.
Rodale Books, 2000: 100-106.
Parish LC, Witkowski JA. The Saga Of Ectoparasitoses: scabies and Pediculosis. Int J Dermatol
1999; 38-432-3.
Silva, Marcia Ramos MD, PHD. “Giovan Cosimo Bonomo (1663-1696): Discoverer of The
Etiology of Scabies; International Journal of Dermatology 1998; 37(8):625-630.
(http://www.dermato.med.br/hds/bibliography/1998; 37(8):625-630).
Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(1):124–125. Puchenkova, S. G. (1996). "
Barone, Eugene J., Judson C. Jones, and Joann E. Schaefer. "Hidradenitis Suppurativa." Skin Disorders. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000. 21-25. Print.
In 1957, in Germany, Dr. Karl Schulz of the University of Hamburg identified chloroacne in several workers from a Boehringer chemical plant. The disease in its mildest form resembles teen-age acne but differs in that the blackheads and cyst cluster in two locations: appearing in a crescent shape outside of and under the eyes and ears. In more pronounced cases, pus-containing spots erupt and spread across the rest of the face, neck, shoulder and down to the rest of the body.
Most people in the U.S. learn STDs in their health class in high school. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that causes sores over private parts or all over the body in a later stage. Syphilis is caused by a bacteria called spirochete. The spirochete cannot survive outside the body. The only way to get the disease is by intimate contact, but catching it is rare. Having more than one partner could increase the chances to catch the disease. The spirochete enters in a break in your skin genitals area or mouth. Once in your body, about three weeks it becomes a sore or have multiple sores. The sore looks like a crater on the surface of the skin. In the first stage it can be treated easily with antibiotics or penicillin. The second stage the syphilis spreads to the rest of the body. It is visible in your hand and soles on your feet. It can cause cardio-vascular disease, mental problems, paralysis, blindness and tumors. Syphilis has links to HIV/AIDS. It also attacks your nervous system. After infection it takes 21 to develop any symptoms for other people it takes from 10 to ninety days. It acts like no other disease known. The last stage is the deadliest if ignored, by the person. The damage obtained by syphilis is irreversible. By practicing safe sex (condoms), or having one sex partner can prevent these
Ever wonder what kind of parasites are in your water, or how they can enter in to your body to make you very sick? Well it is most definite that no on want to get sick. The information found in this paper was collected over the past month, either by going to the library or by accessing information off the Internet at home, almost every night. The point that will be given to you is a little in information about the infectious disease called Schistosomiasis. The points the main points will be the causative agents, symptoms, hosts, methods of transmission and history of the disease. So lets see what Schistosomiasis is.
Clinical Manifestation: Unlike pubic lice, the symptoms of scabies are not easily visible. If there so happens to be symptoms, they may include: severe itching that usually occurs at night, dirty looking small bumps or rashes that a...
The history of Syphilis itself is one tangled and wrapped up in the histories of other diseases, social movements, and sciences. To...
Even though S. aureus is mainly associated with food poisoning, the bacterium can penetrate the skin or other mucous membranes to invade a range of tissues which will cause a variety of infections. Superficial infection of the skin can cause boils, impetigo, styes (infection of the glands or hair follicles of the eyelids), folliculitis, and furnacles. All of these infections are charac...
...s simple as washing hands and showering regularly can terminate the chances of coming across this bacteria. Also, doctors encourage special attention given to areas with a broken barrier of protection. These areas are advised to be kept extra clean and away from possible transmitters of Impetigo. (Nemours, 1995-2011)
the animals and cattle as well. The disease was so contagious that touching even an object that had
Hochadel, M. (2014). Mosby's Drug Reference for Health Care Professionals (fourth edition ed.). : Elsevier.
This parasite is spread through the bite of sandflies. There are three different types of infections and they each show varying degrees of severity. The cutaneous form produces mild skin ulcers, mucocutaneous produces ulcers in the mouth and nose, and the visceral form of the disease starts with skin ulcers and then fever, low red blood cell count, and an enlarged spleen and liver. The parasite is detected by a microscope and visceral can also be found by doing blood tests. 12 million people are in infected in 98 different countries and 2 million new cases are found every year. The disease also kills around 20 to 50 thousand people a year.
Patient education is of paramount importance if MRSA is to be reduced to its lowest minimum. According to Noble 2009, patient’s education stands a critical component of managing MRSA therefore; nurses are expected to be prompt in educating patients on specific measures in limiting and reducing the spread of MRSA by person to person contact. (Noble, 2009) The specific measures includes definition of MRSA, mode of transmission, the damage it can do to the body, specific treatments available and the process of treatment. This is to help the patient take part in the care. Noble 2009 explains that during care giving nurses and all other healthcare provider involve in giving care to a patient should communicate to patient all the precaution that will prevent the transmission of MRSA, and also giving the scientific rationale for the use of any precaution that is been used in the cause of care giving. (Noble, 2009.)
Impetigo can occur in the bullous and nonbullous forms. Winn et al. (2006) stated it is a highly contagious bacterial infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis. Impetigo is caused by S.aureus in 80-90% of cases and in 10-20% of cases by S.pyogenes (p. 634). Nonbullous impetigo is caused by a host response to the bacterial infection, whereas a staphylococcal toxin causes bullous impetigo (Cole and Gazewood, 2007, p. 859). Nonbullous impetigo is more common and accounts for approximately 70% of reported impetigo diagnoses as described by (Cole and Gazewood, 2007, p. 859). In the same article Cole and Gazewood (2007) go on to describe the pathophysiology of nonbullous impetigo which starts as a single papule or red macule that rapidly turns into a vesicle. The vesicle breaks easily and forms an erosion of skin, soon after the liquid matter dries and forms a characteristic honey-colored crust that may be pus-like (p 859-860). Impetigo seems to be overwhelmingly spread by autoinoculation and tends to affect areas subject to environmental trauma, such as the extremities or the face as seen in the case of the patient described above (Cole and Gazewood, 2007, p. 859-860). In 2003, Brown, Shriner, Schwartz, and Janniger, stated, patients can easily auto inoculate themselves and pass the infection to others after excoriating an infected site. This allows a rapid distribution of infection, especially in places that have a high population of children such as schools and daycare. Children normally are normally infected through contact with other children, but fomites are another infection source as well. When adults are infected, they usually develop impetigo from contact with children or adults but can also contract an infection...
“Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites” (None, 2013). It is caused by microorganisms and transmitted from an infected person to another and catch the same disease, and there are several infectious diseases caused by a lack of personal hygiene. Personal hygiene “is all the things we do to keep our bodies clean and healthy”. It is to maintain cleanliness at the body such as the cleanliness of hands and nails, hair, etc. and these areas more prone to capture harmful microbes (Crissey, 2005). There are several infectious diseases related to a lack of personal hygiene which affects the digestive and respiratory system and skin, such as scabies. “Scabies is a skin infection caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei” (Chang et al, 2006). Scabies is a common disease appears in all people and reconstruction affects the skin occurs ...