Introduction
“Men and women have been having babies since human life began” (Cowan & Cowan, 1995, p. 412). Love and unity is most expectant by couples who are experiencing their first born child but experience the opposite in some cases (Trillingsgaard, Baucom, Heyman, & Elklit, 2012). The experience of parenthood is often quite different from what couples expect because there are highs and lows such as joy, affection, role overload, parental fatigue, reduced time in couple intamcy and leisure (Trillingsgaard, Baucom, Heyman, & Elklit, 2012). Recently, the transition into parenthood has become a subject of intensive and analysis by psychologists, sociologists, mental health profressinals and more due to a claim made by sociologist LeMasters that 83% of a new parents had experienced moderate or sever crisis in their family life for the first five years following the birth of their first child (Cowan & Cowan, 1995). “Theories of life course and family development imply that life changess and transitions create conditions of risks; new challenges can outstrip pre-exiting vulnerabilities and inadequancies” (Cowan & Cowan, 1995, p. 412). The transition into parenthood is an intersesting case for lifespan development theories because unlike most traumatic transitions, becoming a parent is often regarded as a positive change in a couple’s life (Cowan & Cowan, 1995). Studies of the transition into parenthood shows that new parents experience shifts in five family domains: relationship quality, the quality of new parents’ relationship as a couple, the quality of the relationship each parent develops with the baby, the balance between life, stress and social support in the new family along with the distress or well-being of the child and ...
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...d of positive parenting and reduce child abuse; along with positive changes in goals for the family as a unit (Salmela-Aro, 2012).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the transition into parenthood is a learning period for both the soon to be parents that can have a huge impact on the lives of the parents and the well-being of the child. Though, there are interventions to assist the younger population with thi transition, there could always be more developed to ensure validity and reliability when these cases come up. The teenage populaion is an at risk group of people due to their sudden exposure to a more independent life. Therefore, establishing rapport and special needs and issues are going to be a leading factor in distinguishing the success rates and quality of these interventions and preventions pertaining to this transition or preventing teen pregnancies in general.
Childbirth is biological, psychological, and natural activities by which the human species grow into its family cycle and childbirth also have a sexual tradition. Beyond the emotions and the various phases that it creates, childbirth has specific criteria to be met on both man and woman. Their union must be founded on the reciprocal love, the biological and psychological maturation, and a developed sense of responsibility. Because of this, a pregnancy occurred early in life is becoming a situation full of social, economical and psychological difficulties. The birth’s pain is weighted quickly on the young and premature couple. In the United States, teen’s pregnancies from ages 15 -19 remain one of the highest situations in the modern world. It has had little chance of success because many teens are still becoming parents and this problem is constantly increasing in the Latino/ Hispanic community. Immigration, peer pressures, dropout rate, cultural difference, and economic disadvantages are main reasons behind the majority teen’s pregnancies in this community. After I explain why it’s important to reduce teen’s pregnancy rates, I will suggest some challenging yet feasible solutions to break the cycle of unplanned pregnancies.
Teen pregnancy is surprisingly decreasing over the years. According to Farber, “the most recent studies have shown that there has been a decrease in the rate of pregnancies among all teenagers and among sexually active teenagers (16). Although this issue seems is decreasing this is still a problem faced by many teenage girls today. Each year, 7.5 percent of all 15-19 year old women become pregnant (Maynard 1). Not only does this issue affects the pregnant teen but it also affects the economy. Teen pregnancy affects graduation rates. Many teen mothers cite pregnancy as the key reason of them not finishing school. Only 40 percent of teen mothers finish high school (Teen Pregnancy Affects Graduation Rates). The 60 percent of teen mothers that do not finish high school not only influence their future, but the future of their unborn baby. The best solution to help teen pregnancy become obsolete and save many teenagers futures is abstinence. Abstinence is the best solution because this solution has four advantages such as, it has the highest effectiveness, it teaches other important life skills, it aids teens in school and it halts the spread of STDs among adolescents.
It is widely accepted that the birth of a child changes the parents’ marriage or relationship, but to what degree and to which areas of the relationship depend upon the individuals. One literature review by Cowan and Cowan, regarding the transition into parenthood, concluded that; changes that occur in parents’
As times continually change, it is inevitable that statistics will change as well. For each student that fails to graduate from high school, another statistic comes about. An American epidemic that forever seems to be looming on the horizon is the issue of teenage parenting and pregnancies. According to an article pertaining to teen pregnancies compiled from teenhelp.com, the United States has been deemed the leading nation for teenage pregnancies in the Western industrialized world. Due to this statistic, it is important to evaluate what can be done to set up teenage parents for success, as well as what can be done for children born in to young families. In an article on teenage parenting compiled by Linda Mangel, it is said that nearly seventy percent of teenage mothers do not complete their secondary education, and because of this, it becomes evident that a solution is crucial. Secondary schools would benefit from considering the implementation of daycare systems in order to increase the graduation rate for teen parents.
More information on the effects of teen pregnancy would cause a larger decline in pregnancy rates. Although there are many books and students are educated on human development. If teens were better educated then it would help them to make better decisions. Not much information is given on what effects of becoming pregnant or the resources available to pregnant teenagers. For example, there is less than a 2% chance that a teen mother will have earned a college degree by the time she is 30 (11 Facts about Teen Pregnancy). One of the effects of teen pregnancy is depression due to the many fluctuating hormones. The loss of any supports from friend or colleagues throughout the pregnancy cycle leaves the mother feeling alone. Parents don’t know what to do and are unprepared to deal with their child’s pregnancy. A second effe...
Children are the pride and joy of many homes, but often parents’ struggles to meet the needs of their children. Some two-parent income home has been cut into a single parent home, due to divorce, lost of jobs, redundancy at work, and one parent leaving their job to become full time parents. With financial strains comes distress and discomfort in the home when the main breadwinner is unable to meet the needs of his or her family. For some families, nuclear, extended, or single parent, the birth of a baby brings tremendous joy and happiness. However, in some circumstances new birth can have a negative impact on the family. The birth of a baby can cause emotional strain and detachment, financial difficulties and sibling rivalry.
Wallace, P. M., & Gotlib, I. H. (1990). Marital adjustment during the transition to parenthood: Stability and predictors of change. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 21-29. Retrieved from: http://www.jstor.org/stable/352834
There are many different areas to consider when preparing for and having a newborn. Whether the pregnancy was planned or unplanned or the couple is married or not, a newborn baby brings new responsibilities. Having a baby also forces people to make adjustments both financially and within the family. Parents also express concerns and expectations when having a newborn comma especially when it is their first; including what roles each parent and family member should play, how much confidence they have in their parenting skills, and how much financial strain would be placed on the family once the newborn has arrived. The newest issue in today’s society is the fact that many women are delaying childbirth and having more children in their later years of life.
The female teen stares into the eyes of her newborn son, not realizing the type of life her and her son will have in the near future. Katrina L. Burchett excellently explicates teenage pregnancy among female adolescents living with domestic problems in her book titled Choices. The various elements that aid to the wide range of teenage pregnancies in the world should all be taken in to consideration. Getting pregnant at an adult is no longer substantial or conventional in our society. Everyday, female young adults are getting pregnant, which is why it is a social issue for the youth today.
Men have the same rights and obligations, as a child’s birth mother, to spend quality time, bond with, and care for a new baby. With some families living isolated from close relatives, it may be difficult for the mother’s family to support her after the birth of the child. “A study released in January found that fathers who took two or more weeks of leave upon their child's birth are more likely to be involved in the direct care of their children beyond leave” (Gringleburg). The time proceeding childbirth is the most stressful and tedious time. Parents have to adjust to the new baby and his or her schedule, especially the mother. With the both parents home, a lot of the stress is taken off the mother be...
The chosen health improvement initiative that is going to be studied within this community profile is reducing the amount of teenage pregna...
...crease the teen pregnancy rates. The study was carried out in a town with a population of 10,000 within a health center in a town 25 miles from a major Mid. The location of the health center was located 25 miles from a major Midwestern city. According to Crowley, 2001, the health center serves clients ages 12 through 20. Inclusion criteria were girls ages 13 through 18, and never being pregnant (p. 723). 202 girls agreed and were eligible to participate, with 148 as the final sample. There were 54 girls excluded because they were already pregnant. All participants spoke English or Spanish In conclusion teen pregnancy has been identified in literature as a problem for teenagers, their families, and society. The Nursing Model for Teen Pregnancy will guide the study. The model theorizes that developmental maturity is related to those at risk for teen pregnancy.
As time goes on, teen pregnancy is becoming more and more common throughout the world. So many people frown upon this whole idea. Such people act as if the teenage parents’ world is going to come to an end. Although these kids’ life is going to be making a big turn, there are many of them who are mature enough to take on the responsibilities of a baby.
Teen pregnancies often carry additional health risks to the baby and the mother. Basically, they lack timely and suitable prenatal care hence posses a higher risk for pregnancy related complications such as the high blood pressure. The mother also risks the life of the baby due to the premature birth. The teen mother experiences a tremendous dilemma after realizing that some physical changes are substantiating her pregnancy. Mostly such teen’s lacks the courage to explain what they are going through to her parent. Generally, many perform their duties routinely as they l...
Swann, C., Bowe, K., McCormick, G., Kosmin, M. (2003) Teenage pregnancy and parenthood: a review of reviews. London: HAD.