INTRODUCTION
Missing teeth have traditionally been replaced with dentures that rely on the residual alveolar ridge and mucosa for support and retention. Where there is inadequate oral anatomy to support the denture, surgery may be required (preprosthetic surgery). Complete denture wearers are usually able to wear an upper denture but many struggle to eat with a lower denture because of its mobility. Dental implants offer an alternative in many circumstances. [1,2] Implant dentistry has provided dentists with a variety of innovative products and techniques to restore dentitions that otherwise would have seemed beyond the ability to restore. Fixtures are available in an array of diameters, lengths, and designs to meet a broad range of clinical applications. In addition, implant education and training is readily available to every clinician, even the dental student. Consequently, more dentists are offering implants as a treatment option in their own practices.[3]
Dental implant was classified in relation to the bone into:
1. Subperiosteal implant.
2. Transosteal implant.
1. Endosteal implant: This type is placed in the bone (alveolar or basal) of both mandible and maxilla, and transitioning only one cortical plate. This type can be classified to root form or blade form.[4-7]
The increased needs for implant-related service result from the combined effect of a number of factors:[4]
1. Age related loss of teeth.
2. Anatomic condition of edentulous ridge.
3. Psychological need of the patient.
4. Reduced performance of removable prosthesis.
5. Increased awareness of the benefit of implant by professionals, and the publics.
The bone and soft tissue response following dental implant placement is conttrolled by various factors.[8] The aim of...
... middle of paper ...
... implant therapy. A critique of pertinent literature. Australian Dental Journal 2011;56:417–26.
11. Levin L, Schwartz-Arad D. The effect of cigarette smoking on dental implants and related surgery. Implant Dent 2005;14:357–63.
12. Klokkevold PR, Han TJ. How do smoking, diabetes and periodontitis affect outcomes of implant treatment? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2007;22(Suppl):173–202.
13. Becker W, Hujoel PP, Becker BE, Willingham H. Osteoporosis and implant failure: an exploratory case-control study. Journal of Periodontology. 2000; 71:625-31.
14. Sarin J, Derossi S, Akintoye S. Updates on bisphosphonates and potential pathobiology of bisphosphonate-induced jaw osteonecrosis. Oral Dis 2008;14:277–285.
15. Lambert PM, Morris HF, Ochi S. The influence of smoking on 3-year clinical success of osseointegrated dental implants. Annals of Periodontology. 2000; 5:79-89.
Osteoporosis comes from the latin word meaning “porous bone”. If you were to look closely at a bone you could see there are these small spaces on the bone which is good, now if you look at someone who suffers from osteoporosis you will see these spaces are much larger. As these spaces become larger it takes away from the strength and integrity of the bone making it grow weak and thin. Osteoporosis is most common in women over the age of 50 and gives them a higher risk of fractures and or breaks especially common in the hips. While we know osteoporosis comes from a number of things it can be broken down to age, the hormonal changes most commonly seen in menopause and a lower intake of Vitamin D and Calcium. Age is the unpreventable factor that doctors or you cannot change. Hormonal changes can be fixed with supplements or hormone therapy along with ones intake of Vitamin D and Calcium. Hormone therapy, estrogen alone or the combination of estrogen and progestin have been proven to prevent and aide in the treatment of osteoporosis in
This is the process of placing a post into your jawbone. Eventually, implants will allow you to replace teeth you have lost, thus restoring the function and appearance of your teeth.
Persson, Lena; Bergström, Jan; Gustafsson, Anders (2003). "Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Neutrophil Activity Following Periodontal Surgery". Journal of Periodontology74 (10): 1475–82. doi:10.1902/jop.2003.74.10.1475. PMID 14653394
Recent research has been focused on distinguishing the most successful augmentation surgery for restoring deficient bone (4, 16-18). Surgical techniques and survival of the bone graft has been vastly highlighted in the literature. ,However, the importance of recipient site on success rate of augmentation procedure has been less issued (16).
Hip implants have been utilized even longer than metal-on-plastic implants. Metal-on-Metal bearings (cobalt chromium alloy, titanium alloy or from time to time stainless steel) were in use from as distant back as 1955 nevertheless they were not agreed for use in the U.S. by the FDA till 1999. They proposal the possible for considerably decreased wear, alongside less inflammation and less bone loss. A little mechanism recalls have held negative attention to Metal-on-Metal. Metal-on-metal constituents permit the biggest heads across the whole scope of implant sizes. Colossal ball heads furnish increased scope of gesture and larger stability, that can considerably cut the chance of hip dislocation, a critical factor in the long word accomplishment of an implant.
There are many different diseases that can affect our skeletal system and Osteoporosis is one of them. Osteoporosis lessens bone strength and bone density (amount of bone mineral in bone tissue), which will lead to fragile bones. It mainly affect the hips, ribs, spine, and wrists. Male or female, at any age, can get this but it is mostly occurs in older women (Team, 2016). Osteoporosis is very common, there are more than 3 million cases a year. There are many causes/risk factors, symptoms, and some treatment cases. About 54 million Americans have Osteoporosis and low bone mass (Foundation, 2016).
False teeth, which are known today as “dentures”, are bony plates which are installed into a patient’s mouth by means of adhesion to the fleshy mandibular or maxillary arch. Although these are now relatively inexpensive and their requirement is often taken for granted, they have not always been so easy to come by. A look at the history of false teeth shows a pain-staking and quirky evolution:
Osteoporosis is a condition, which advances with age, resulting in fragile, weak bones due to a decrease in bone mass. Externally osteoporotic bone is shaped like normal bone, however it’s internal appearance differs. Internally the bone becomes porous due to a loss in essential minerals, including phosphate and calcium. The minerals are loss more quickly than they can be replaced and in turn cause the bones to become less dense and weak. The bones become prone to fracture, due to their weakness. Therefore the awareness of the disease tends to occur after a fracture has been sustained. The bones most commonly affected are the ribs, wrist, pelvis and the vertebrae.
Osteoporosis is a systemic, debilitating disease of the skeleton, characterized by significantly decreased bone mass in combination with the deterioration of bone microarchitecture. Osteoporosis has three types of categories the first category is type 1 which occurs in women after menopause and results from declining levels of estrogen and other sex hormones in the body, this could also occur in men due to low levels of the sex hormone testosterone. Type 2 is called Senile Osteoporosis, which occurs in elderly men as well as elderly women because of decreased bone formation due to aging. Type 3 is caused by long term use of medication usually with steroids and drugs to treat elipsy. Osteoporosis which literally means “Porous Bone”,
Rowan, Chris. "Electronic Cigarette Safety and Effect On Teeth." DRH Org. U.K. DRH Org. U.K., 2013. Web. 20 Nov. 2013.
Hirschfeld L, Wasserman B (May 1978). "A long-term survey of tooth loss in 600 treated periodontal patients". J. Periodontol. 49 (5): 225–37.doi:10.1902/jop.1978.49.5.225. PMID 277674
Palmer, C. (2013, September 16). American Dental Association. Retrieved January 28, 2014, from ADA: http://www.ada.org/news/8898.aspx
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones become so weak and brittle that even a cough can cause enough stress on the bone that it will cause the bone to facture. The most commonly broken bones are the hip, wrist, and the spine. Although it affects men and women of all races, post-menopausal Caucasian and Asian women are more commonly affected than those of other ethnicities and sexes. In fact, thirty percent of all post-menopausal women in the US and Europe will be diagnosed with Osteoporosis and at least 40 percent of those will suffer from a fracture in their lifetime.
First and foremost, cosmetic dentistry is a costly affair. Surgical treatment can cost up to $1000 or more per tooth. And in many cases, dental insurance companies may not provide coverage. For example, dental implants are not covered by insurance companies because they are considered luxury items. Similarly, your local government or health body may not provide any kind of subsidy. Another important factor that needs to be considered is proper oral hygiene. Improper oral hygiene or habits such as smoking can have a negative impact on dental implants. It is very essential to take proper care of the implant or else the implant may fail within a short span of time. Depending on the quality and durability of the materials used, you may have to undergo restorative procedures again in 10 or 15 years after the initial surgery. Even though cosmetic dentistry is a costly procedure, there are several ways to save money. One of the best ways is to get the procedure done in countries such as China or India. In many countries, the costs of surgery are substantially lower and the quality is almost the same as in the developed countries. Dental tourism is a good option for you if you are willing to explore a
One last very severe effect of smoking is teeth decay. The reason for teeth decay is tobacco products which damage your gum tissue by affecting the attachment of bone and soft tissue to your teeth. An example of the effect is receding gums. A receding gum line exposes the tooth roots and increases your risk of developing a sensitivity to hot and cold, or tooth decay in these unprotected areas. Additionally, smoking can also contribute to bad breath, stains in the teeth and a build-up of tartar on the teeth.