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Teamwork and conflict resolution
Team conflict literature review
Team conflict literature review
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Summary: Chapter # 7 –Team Decision Making, Pitfalls and Solutions Decision making is an absolute. It is found in individual and team response to any change that is to occur. Decision making in the primary component of this chapter and is dissected in great detail to make the individual realize its importance, the biases involved and the effects and consequences of the decision. In the beginning the chapter has an excellent review of four of the most common individual decision making biases and how they can and will impact the team. These biases are: (1) Framing, (2) Overconfidence, (3) Confirmation Bias and (4) Decision Fatigue. The chapter continues with individual versus group decisions while addressing or completing a demonstrable …show more content…
It can apply to almost any decision that has been reframed or communicated differently to gain or cause a loss. The textbook, Making the Team, A Guide for Managers demonstrated a superb example (Thompson, 2014, p.164). Overconfidence occurs in individual and organizational setting as is the process by which the decision maker judges their decision to be correct with no room for error. This amount of confidence can be very detrimental in the team environment if the decision maker has a personality type that conveys the subordinates to follow their leadership whether by aggression or by charisma. The third and fourth type of biases, confirmation and decision fatigue both can be attributed to lack of mental resources or the inability to utilize the mental resources to make the decision. In confirmation bias the decision maker makes the decision based on whatever hypothesis will support their belief. Decision fatigue is when the individual(s) are mentally exhausted and take short-cuts or have utilized their mental resources to the point of collapse. The pitfalls of team decision making are given in the second part of the …show more content…
I believe that this chapter goes to great lengths to address the types of conflict that occur within teams and how conflict can be utilized to create change, revolutionize creativity and deter negative groupthink. Relationship conflict is one of the primary types of conflict along with task conflict and process conflict. Relationship conflict is any conflict that can and does occur because of personality clashes, ego, and tensions between individuals within the team. It is one that is avoided by the team but it is inevitable, because of the diverse make-up of the members and their individual character traits. If this type of conflict is left to its own devises it will escalate and will become strenuous to the other team members. Task conflict also known as cognitive conflict within the team is where an individual who perceives a method of doing a task as being detrimental to the team and will be adamant in the reject of the method. This will cause conflict with those on the team who feel the new idea has merit. However, when the task method is challenged it can create new ideas as the team reevaluates the original suggestion. This talking about the task can and does stimulate new cognitive approaches to the method as well as to other processes produced by the
My team consists of four other people besides myself, Lauren Chojnaki, Alexa-Louise Patnode, and Jacobe Loewen, and Ryan Tyriver. Together, we are tasked with the mission to complete a stakeholder analysis regarding a specific organization and their structure. For this project to be completed successfully, it is important that all team members are able to cooperate with one another and are able to use their different strengths to create the best end product.
In several occasions, conflict occurs in the communication of one or two people. Several people have thought of conflict as cases involving pouring of furious anger in a communication process. Nonetheless, conflict is the misinterpretation of an individual’s words or values (Huan & YAzdanifard, 2012). Conflict can also be due to limited resources in an organization (Riaz & Junaid, 2010). Conflict may as well arise due to poor communication or the use of inappropriate communication channel of transmission of information between the involved parties. Management of conflict has various conflict management styles that include avoidance style, forcing style, passive-aggressive style, accommodating style, collaborating style and compromising style. Workplace conflict comes in two different kinds: task involving conflict, which focuses on the approaches used in resolving the problem and blaming conflict that has the aspects of blame and never brings element of resolving problems between the conflicting parties. In the perception of several individuals, relationship conflict is negative.
Conflict is a difference in opinion. The leader must devise ways of dealing with conflict in the team. The focus is to promote a healthy discussion that does not lead to division in the team . The team members come from different department and thus may have differing opinion on tackling the problem. The leader should be able to reconcile the different opinions into one strategy. In such cases, the negotiation skill becomes vital (Harrison, 1971). The leader must negotiate with the team member to strike a balance on the decision. Furthermore, the decision made by the team must be presented to the management and approved. The leader must convince the management that the proposal is viable, and its implementation will be beneficial to the organisation. The ability of the leader to negotiate for resources will enhance the success of the
Along with the preparation for conflict resolutions, understanding the situation in the team during the conflict is important. Clarifying positions along with listing the facts and all the necessary analyzation of the particular situation helps in resolving the conflict in a team. Applying this process can effectively address and resolve the conflict in a
The presence of the two cats in the tale allows the narrator to see himself for who he truly is. In the beginning the narrator explains that his “tenderness of heart made him the jest of his companions”. (251) He also speaks of his love for animals that has remained with him from childhood into manhood. However, Poe contradicts this description of the narrator when he seems to become annoyed with the cat that he claims to love so much. While under the influence of alcohol the narrator is “fancied that the cat avoided his presence”(250) and as a result decides to brutally attack the cat. This black cat symbolizes the cruelty received by slaves from whites. The narrator not only “deliberately cuts one of the cats eyes from the sockets” (250) but he also goes on to hang the cat. Once the narrator successfully hangs the cat the tale begins to take a very dark and gothic-like turn. The racism and guilt of the narrator continues to haunt him once he has killed the black cat. Th...
An effective team typically develops through several stages. Tuckman and Jensen developed a model for how teams should develop that includes five stages: forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning (as cited in Martin ,2006 and Fulk, Bell,& Bodie ,2011). In forming, the first stage in team development, team members are introduced to the team’s purpose and goals(Martin, 2006 ; Fulk et al. ,2011). Fulk et al. (2011) explain that members are usually motivated and excited about working together to accomplish the specific goal, but they point out that interactions among team members can be affected by uncertainty about purpose, anxiety, mistrust ,and reluctance to share ideas and opinions. Nevertheless, despite such uncertainties, team members usually avoid conflict and move on to the next stage, storming(Fulk et al.,2011). Unlike the forming stage, the storming stage is marked by conflict (Martin...
“The scariest monsters are the ones that lurk within our souls,”- Edgar Allan Poe. The romantic author’s idea of human nature being corrupted by instinctive weakness is reflected in his short story, “The Black Cat”. Throughout the story, the narrator relates internal monologue and conflicting feelings towards his family’s two cats, with his inner demon eventually taking control and forcing him to kill his cats and wife. Poe uses the symbol of black cats to represent the conflicting inner turmoil of a person’s deepest desires and how people are willing to pin blame on anything but their own malevolence.
The narrator usually is telling the story almost like he is talking to someone, that someone being the readers. Poe sets up “Black Cat” with the narrator telling the readers he is not mad but then his story tells the exact opposite. Poe writes very Gothic style fiction in which Poe 's characters suffer from self-destruction. In the settings in “Black Cat” the narrator has already destroyed himself due to his alcoholism which he calls it a disease. As Poe uses keen detail on how the narrator goes into madness, readers see the narrator at the end as he tells that he is finally able to rest. The narrator says “It did not make its appearance during the night and thus for one night at least, since the introduction into the house, I soundly and tranquilly slept.” (700). He is able to rest because of the cat is not there to taunt him. Though he killed his wife it’s the fact that the beast, a name he calls the cat, is not there so he is able to have a great nights rest for the next 3 days. He follows up that quote with “The second and third day passes, and still my tormentor came not. Once again I breathed a freeman. The monster in terror had fled the premises forever” (700)! He has paranoia because of the cat. The cat was unlike Pluto because the cat showed him affection as later on in the years due to abuse Pluto ran away from the narrator. He finds it strange that the cat looks like Pluto, with the gouged eye and all,
Simply put, conflict is the disagreement and disharmony that occurs in groups when differences are expressed regarding ideas, methods, and/or members (Engleberg, Wynn, and Schuttler, 2003). Conflict among teams or groups develops in many ways. In developing an effective team, members will generally experience the five stages of evolution: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning. The storming and norming stages deal with the process of conflict (storming) and resolution (norming). During the storming stage, exact conflict has not yet been identified, and therefore chaos, disorganization, and disputes are apparent.
Indeed, some research found that the team diversity has a positive impact on decision making. For example, one of the research found that the diversity at educational level can positively influence the decision making and also affect team performance (Simons). In addition, Dooley and Frywell illustrated that the discussion and argument was associated with quality decision making in U.S. hospitals. However, some research also demonstrated that the diversity in the team can have a negative influence on decision making. For example, Sounder found that, in diverse teams, because of the lots of differences between team members, sometimes its difficult to reach an agreement.
Differences within the team are the major reason for conflict. This stems from differences in opinion, attitude, beliefs, as well as cultural back grounds and social factors. The Conflict can be positive which is functional and supports or benefits the organization or a person’s main objectives (Reaching Out, 1997). Conflict is viewed as positive when the conflict results in increased involvement form the group, increased cohesion, and positive innovation and creativity. Conflict tends to be positive as well when it leads to better decisions, and solutions to long-term problems.
Conflict is a basic aspect of teamwork (Levi, 2001), since the number of decisions that a team needs to make often evokes feelings of discomfort and stress. Conflict very often arises from a clash of different working style, ideas, interests, needs, and wants. Team conflicts can be due to high stress level. It has been experienced that in teamwork there can be conflicts and conflicts creates dissatisfaction among the employees. It is important that conflicts be addressed in such a way that it has adverse effect and it is very important to address the conflicts on the spot otherwise it would be difficult to handle the conflicts. (Jehn, 1995).When team member s disagree about the task themselves that how these tasks should be performed then task related conflicts occurs. It is also called task led-conflicts, it occurs when persons disagree over the understanding of tasks and their goals it is a disagreement between two team members in a group over the decisions. They have differences of opinions about a certain issue. (Stewart, Sims & Manz, 1999). Disagreement can be caused by differences in viewpoint and values, differences of opinion about tasks and differences in expectation about the impact of decisions (Levi, 2001).
In The Black Cat, Poe creates a tale of strange confusion and morbid mystery. The tone is serious, as the narrator is writing his account of the events the day before he is going die, presumably for his crimes. The narrator, and the villain of the story, begins by saying he is "noted for the docility and humanity of my disposition." This statement is ironic, because as the story continues, we see he is anything but docile and humane. He becomes a driven man, passionate about getting rid of the cat that haunts him.
Many of the decisions one makes are heavily based on bias, past experience, peer pressure or wrong ideas. Decision making is a complicated algorithm that is affected a lot by the subconscious or peer pressure, although one is fully in charge of his decisions, study shows one’s decision is strongly distorted.
Working in groups is challenging at times. Other times it is very rewarding. We are so focused on life that we do not take time to reflect on things as much as we should. Being in a Groups class has opened my eyes to a whole new world. I have begun to question, explore, and even understand how things work. I even get how they work sometimes. Not only is there a process involved in making individual decisions, process is involved in group decisions as well. This paper attempts give insight into my reflection of my group decision process.