David Hume ( 1711-1776 )

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DAVID HUME (1711-1776) is considered as one of the more notable philosophers that was a representative of the empiricism. Hume stated that it was critical that the concept of causality wasn’t denied and that this principle had an existing objective. He argued that cause and effect are factors that not are united by ties needed; if not that his union is arbitrary. By custom or by habits, nothing ensures that the logical or experience happens without a cause. For example the Sunrise necessarily follows an effect: supply of heat to the Earth.

Hume stated that if not for man it would be impossible to dissociate a phenomenon of another. This is because he was accustomed to observe one as a consequence of the other, and that the one is the cause and the other is the effect.

There isn’t more of a relationship of connection or of continuity that man will usually point out a relationship of causality because most of laws of philosophy and science are based on the principle of causality. The critical and radical Hume shattered the foundations of the sciences. As destroyed also the so-called principle of regularity or of repetition; "Nothing states that the same cause always has the same effect".

As a result, Hume states that radical results would be a class of ideas in itself, other than those that believe have a fundamental, such as of the substance, the existence and the causality? These ideas are fictitious: "Association of ideas" that are due to certain rules having such similarity, and the difference contiguity, are of the basis of skepticism.

The concept of the I was an object of attack by Hume; was based on the concept of identity of the I or of the spirit human. Hume argued that I was nothing more than a particula...

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...ductions require of an analysis to know of what impressions they are derived. When an idea cannot find him; the impression corresponding is fiction and therefore will not contain reality.

The ideas based of the thought and of the reasoning are associated as a mode mechanical in the mind through three instances: operations of similarity; the extension in time and space and the principle of causality. Thus, then analysis classic of the theory of the knowledge of Hume is: it’s critical to the concept of causality and it’s critical of the identity of the I or spirit human.

Led by this procedure focuses on the metaphysical problem. Discovering that certain things taken as realities by Locke and Berkeley are of the thinking substance (the I), and the substance is infinite (God), as well as the extensive there because these ideas do not correspond to any impression.

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