Cultural Analysis of Brazil Brief History The Portuguese colonized Brazil in the 1500. The Native tribes originally occupied the land, became slaves along with the Africans after the colonization. In 1822 Brazil became independent and slavery was abolished. An end came to the royal family in 1889 and a dictator ruled throughout the 1950's. After a great deal of turnover civilian rule was created in 1985. Geography Location. Brazil is located in South America and is the largest nation in the continent covering 3,286,470 square miles. Brazil borders the Atlantic Ocean and neighbors all nations in South America expect Chile and Ecuador. Brazil has a span of four time zones. Climate. The climate is 90% tropical and temperate in the south. Brazil is divided into five climatic regions: equatorial, tropical, semiarid, highland tropical, and subtropical. Topography. Brazil consists of lowland basins, mountains, plateaus, hills, and rivers. Social Institutions Family: Brazilians are true to family values and uphold their beliefs. Children are admired. Nuclear. Nuclear families are rare and the majority of families are extended. Extended. Families include close and distant relatives such as stepchildren, godparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. Parental Roles. A father influences authority roles on sons while mothers influence homemaker roles upon the daughters. Marriage and Courtship. Marriages are granted by the civil courts or under the Roman Catholic Church. Female/Male Roles. The men work and have authority over women and children. The women stay at home and tend to the children, but are growing independent, employed are more educated than men, taking over their households. Education. Education is in high demand. Schools are pub... ... middle of paper ... ...zil. In 1998 social security was cut by $17 billion. Workers were outraged. Health Care. Health care is public and private. Public health care is less expensive but lacks all the necessities. Private health care is expensive as is only found regionally. Bad health is common among the poor. Language Official Language. The official Language is Portuguese. English is the second most spoken language. Spoken vs. Written. The written language is Portuguese. Portuguese is standard throughout the country and follows the nation's rules. Written Portuguese versus the spoken Portuguese differ and only the well educated use it correctly. Dialects. There are no dialects of Portuguese but there is a difference in accents and vocabularies. Nouns, pronouns, and verb conjugations also vary. 1: The World Factbook: Brazil http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/print/br.html
We must begin with Brazil’s history in order to understand the problem and how it came to exist. During the year 1500, Brazil was “discovered” by the Portuguese. The Portuguese saw the indigenous people as “savages” because they did not look or dress like Europeans. Hence, the idea that indigenous people are “savages” help influence the Portuguese that indigenous people need to be controlled and become more civilized. During the 16th century the Portuguese used “black” slaves to work in plantations to increase trading in Europe. After the year 1850 slave trade was abolished, but the Portuguese continued to bring slaves from Africa, illegally. Edward Eric Telles states, “Roughly three hundred years later, when the slave trade ended in 1850, 3.6 million African Americans had been brought to Brazil as slaves, ...
Like many Latin American countries, Brazil was originally inhabited by over two thousand distinct Native American tribes who’s history goes back over 10,000 years. However, they left scarce written records, hence little is know about them. Even so, today, Brazil is home to the largest population of un-contacted people in the world. During the age of colonization, Portugal flourished as it expanded its territories in both Africa and India. Yet, competition among colonizers increased as Portugal continued to zero-sum vie for territory against Spain. Pope Alexander VI fearing trade wars between two Catholic countries, declared in the Treaty of Tordesillas that newly discovered land, outside of Europe, to the west of the antemeridian* line to be considered Spanish and east Portuguese. Yet, unbeknownst to Pope Alexander VI, Brazil jettisoned into the Atlantic well beyond the antemeridian. In 1500 CE Portuguese’s explorers made first contact in Brazil and claimed it for Portugal.
...us that there was no incentive to hold down costs. Medical costs went up and insurance went up with it. This left growing numbers of people without access to healthcare. “44 million Americans are uninsured, and eight out of ten of these are workers or their dependents” (Glied) This is fundamentally unfair to a huge number of people, many of them children or the elderly.
However, our system is based on money. The more money you have to spend, the better medical services you will receive. ?According to the Bureau of Labor education at the university of main (2003), America spends more money oh health care than any other nation, "$4,178 per capita on health care in 1998?, compared to the average of $1,783. (BLE., 2003, p.23). Still an estimated "42.5 million Americans are living without health insurance", which prevents them from receiving medical treatment. (Climan, Scharff, 2003, p.33). The numbers of un-insured Americans continue to rise. Tim Middleton (2002) states, ?insurance premiums grow at a rate greater than wages,? when you have a low-income job. (¶ 9). With our current economy recession, taxes are rising and small business employers are unable to purchase health plans for their employees. Employees are realizing that they are unable to gain insurance from their jobs and beginning to speak out about the high price of health care.
Slavery in Brazil began long before the first Portuguese settlement was established in 1532. Because certain forms of slavery had existed for centuries on the continent of Africa, Brazilian historians used to say that us blacks imported from across the Atlantic, were ready to accept their new status as ''Slaves''. Slave labor was the driving force behind the growth of the sugar economy in Brazil. Gold and diamond deposits were discovered in Brazil in about 1690, which sparked an increase in the importation of African slaves to power this new market. According to many depressed characteristics, Brazil is identified as a developing country, nevertheless is occupies a special place on the list of these countries. Having a huge potential and a high level of economic development, Brazil has found a place on the list of the highest slavery rates. With that being said then you could already ready conclude that there where many slaves imported to the country, Brazil. Brazil had the largest slave population in the world, substantially larger than the United States. The Portuguese who settled Brazil needed labor to work the large estates and mines in their new Brazilian colony. They turned to slavery which became central to the colonial economy. It was particularly important in the mining and sugar cane sectors. Slavery was also the mainstay in the Caribbean islands with economies centered on sugar. Estimates suggest that about 35 percent of captured Africans involved in the Atlantic slave trade were transported to Brazil. Estimates suggest that more than 3 million Africans reached Brazil, although precise numbers do not exist. Brazil had begun to turn to slavery in the 15th century as explorers began moving along the coast of Africa.
Introduction Brazil is the largest and most populous country in South America. It is the 5th largest country worldwide in terms of both areas (more than 8.5 Mio. km2) and inhabitants (appr. 190 million).
Such rising health care costs penalize the citizens within our nation in multiple aspects. The first set of individuals that are affected are families and seniors because it affects the amount of money that goes into their pockets, which results in a difficult time balancing food, rent, and the basic necessities for living. Next, small businesses and fortune 500 employers are affected because such increased costs cause rising health care costs to become more expensive to add new employees to their payroll and more difficult to cover retiree fees when that time comes. Finally, the federal, state, and local governments are forced to increase Medicare and Medicaid costs, which results in cutting other priority funding such as public safety and education.
Looking back I can see that most changes which happened in Brazil in the last years were beneficial. In October 2010, Brazilian voters elected their first female President in the history of Brazil. Dilma Rousseff became the 36th President of this country. "Dilma", as the Brazilians call their President, took office in January 2011. In Brazil, Dilma may represent a victory for gender equality. The fact is that a woman, as the most influential Brazilian, may challenge the "macho man" stereotype in Brazil. Her election as the president of the largest and most influential country in the continent helps demystify the idea that females are politically and economically discriminated against in this country.
Many people of which do not know, or even understand programs, or funds that can assist them in these situations they are in. People not knowing or cannot afford health care is a huge problem especially considering the fact that many Americans are elderly or suffer from acute disease, disabilities, and even mental disorders. Without proper health care many of these Americans will suffer tremendously and their symptoms may develop even worse without proper medication and help. This cannot be given without affordable health care.
If a country doesn’t have an official language is usually due to distinct historical or cultural reasons. As I began reading articles on this topic, I was amazed that the great country I live in doesn’t have an official language. I begin to wonder why this is the case. Many countries have an official language in which all the official business, daily activities and other formal activities are conducted. There are even thirty (30) states that have succeeded through their own statutes to declare English as an official language of their particular state (www.us-english.org).
Evidence of African roots are identifiable throughout Brazil. Brazil is the second most populated country of Blacks. Many different tones from mulatto to caboclo to black are present with culture that has flourished since African slaves first arrived to the country. The slaves that came to South America, brought their religion, gods, and music along with them, giving Brazil a cultural identity and a place among other nations. The profits of African slavery have allowed Brazil to gain capital and build a government based mainly on sugar exports. Although Brazil was the first to claim themselves free of racism, throughout history they often put slaves in even worse conditions than the US. Easy accessibility to import African slaves, meant that
Brazil is both the fifth largest country in the world based off of land size and population (World Factbook). Brazil has used this demographic as a strength in its efforts to find some sort of stability in a very unstable economic climate. Brazil is the largest national economy in Latin America the world's eighth largest economy at market exchange rates and the and 10 in purchasing power parity (PPP) or GDP, according to the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank (World Fact Book). There are many factors to the development of the Brazilian economy, each having an impact, but the development is not complete.
To understand what is occurring in Brazil currently, one must dig into history. Around 1693 slave hunters from Sao Paulo, Brazil found “lead colored flakes of heavy metal near the headwaters of Sao Francisco River” . When they melted the metal down the men noticed it was gold and within a few years there was a gold rush in Brazil in the state of Minas Gerais. The gold rush and coffee plantations later fueled the slave trade, revenue and created big cities we know today in Brazil . Since then, Brazilians have been undergoing urbanization and leaving the countryside towards the Northeast in search of a better life. Mostly during the 1940’s urbanization began to occur, with people pouring into the city in search of jobs and creating “favelas” on the edge of the city (wh...
In 1500's the Portuguese, led by explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral, arrived in Brazil. One of the first measures taken by the new arrivals was the conquering of the local population, the Brazilian Indians, in order to allow the Portuguese slave labor (for sugarcane and cotton). The experience with the Indians was a failure. The Indians quickly died in captivity or fled to their nearby homes. The Portuguese then began to import slave labor from Africa. On the other side of the Atlantic, free men and women were captured, loaded onto slave ships and sent on nightmare voyages that would end in bondage.
At the beginning of the nineteenth century when Brazil gained its independence from Portugal, citizens began to focus more on strengthening public education. Brazil had recently become