Throughout The Crucible, author Arthur Miller uses dramatic conflict, metaphor, imagery, descriptive staging instructions, biblical allusion and a variety of other representational techniques to illuminate and develop the issues surrounding people and politics throughout the play. Such issues include the characterisation and portrayal of those in power; the driving motivations of a range of characters; the means through which characters achieve and maintain power; and how the role of power differences in relationships between characters. The use of these devices within an extended metaphor for the 1950’s context of US McCarthyism allows Miller to demonstrate the relatively stagnant nature of people and politics (in that a situation within the …show more content…
Due to the lack of an omniscient storyteller revealing details of characters as they’re introduced, examination of Helena’s motivations and convictions come through Cosima’s interpretation of her actions; “but if you were a messed up abused loner whose faith compelled you to belong”. Before this discussion, Helena’s violent actions could easily have been misconstrued as for a variety of motives. The protagonist, Sarah, admits that while Helena’s actions were wrong, they were understandable in her situation; “Yeah, I might become an angry angel too. Got it.” The metaphor in the statement of an “angry angel” representing Helena’s violent rage and the contrast produced when exposed alongside her innocent self-justification. As the story continues, and Helena is slowly redeemed in the eyes of the protagonist, it becomes clear that in order to correctly judge one’s actions, the judge must have an understanding of the context and motivations of the accused; judgement can never be completely …show more content…
Though he is a lecher and a sinner by his contextual Puritan standards, he is relatable to a 1950’s audience in a Christianised America. He is an ordinary man who has made mistakes, but is inherently good and is morally redeemed at the end of the play. John Proctor is dealt an injustice (the accusation of his wife of the practice of witchcraft, and his eventual signing of the legal that he was sentenced for witchcraft). Proctor is guided for much of the play by his desire to save Elizabeth, though these actions are not always quite ethical or compassionate, as recounted by Mary Warren: “ ‘I’ll murder you,’ he says, ‘if my wife hangs!’ “ In the style of a tragedy, Act 4 sees Proctor grieving for his morality metaphorically beyond repair; “My honesty is broke, Elizabeth; I am no good man.”. Though Elizabeth assures him there is good in him yet, Proctor sacrifices himself by signing the legal document and being sentenced to hanging. Though Proctor was not a righteous man, it is the self-sacrifice for a crime that he did not commit that echoes (through biblical allusion) Jesus’ own death and assures John Proctor’s eventual
The absolute power of aristocracies is a scourge on society that corrupts minds and imposes too much of an impact on the lives of the majority. At the time when Arthur Miller wrote The Crucible, society was subject to McCarthyism, the unquestionable authoritative force that could and did ruin the lives of those suspected of communism. Yet, of these people who suffered the brunt of punishment from authority, a numerous percentage of them displayed hypocrisy in accusing others out of survival. In The Crucible, Miller reflects this idea of hypocrisy in an environment where unquestionable authority reigns. His work displays the essentiality in rising out of such an insincere state and acting upon what
...“confessed [himself]! Is there no good penitence but it be public? God does not need [his] name nailed upon the church! God sees [his] name; God knows how black [his] sins are! It is enough!” (Miller 142). Johns refusal to give up his name represents the catastrophe of the play, as he tears the paper and seals his fate. Proctor was obviously unable to live a normal life know that he has given his name, pride, and reputation to the false accusations of those who are trying to free their souls of all their sins, know that there are those who gave their life away to stand up for what is right. At this final tragic moment, Proctor has at last found peace with himself. Elizabeth is resigned to the fact that she cannot stop him, as "he [has] his goodness now" (Miller 145). John Proctor finally dies as a symbol of pride and dignity for other people in society to follow.
Arthur Miller’s The Crucible utilizes a fictional account of the Salem Witch Trials to expose the mob mentality associated with the Red Scare of the 1950’s and the sometimes overzealous fight against communism in America. By references to the events that took place in the Witch Trials, the playwright successfully portrays society’s behavior at its tyrannical worst, exposing fraud, faulty logic, vindictiveness, zealotry, and evil (Brater). Arthur Miller creates a parallel between the societal events of mass in the 1600’s and those in the 1950’s. In both instances, leaders use the fear of the masses for their personal gain. Abigail, the lead character in the play, and Senator Joseph McCarthy are both able to generate a groundswell that takes on a life of its own and ruins the lives of others. Arthur Miller created this analogy in order to expose Senator McCarthy and his anti-Communist propaganda by creating an analogy to the ferocity of the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem Witch Trials and the Red Scare fed on the anxiety of the general public. The Salem Witch Trials magnified society’s ability to influence the judicial system. As the hysteria regarding the existence of witches swelled, innocent individuals were executed. McCarthyism also demonstrated society’s ability to influence the judicial system. As the hysteria regarding the threat of communism in America swelled, innocent individuals were jailed, blacklisted, deported, and fired from their jobs. The Crucible first staged in 1953, was meant to raise awareness of the effect that fear can have on human behavior and judgment. The play illustrates how Abigail’s intent to avoid punishment by accusing others of culturally deviant activity led to mass hysteria. Senator McCar...
In the first scene of the second act of the Crucible, Elizabeth is with John. John reveals that he was with Abigail and he admitted the betrayal. There are many different ways Arthur Miller enforced his claim. Through emotional appeal, figurative language, and tone, the author has successfully used literary elements to support John’s argument with Elizabeth.
Early on in the play, the reader comes to understand that John Proctor has had an affair with Abigail Williams while she was working in his home. Abigail believed that if she got rid of Elizabeth Proctor, then John Proctor would become her own. John Proctor had an affair with Abigail, but for him it was just lust, while Abigail believed it to be true love. She told John Proctor that she loved him, and once she destroys Elizabeth, they would be free to love one another. John is horrified at this, but can do nothing to convince Abigail that he is not in love with her. Because of Abigail's twisted plot to secure John for herself, Elizabeth is arrested. John Proctor has to wrestle with the decision of what to do. He knows that he has sinned; yet he does not want to hurt his beloved wife. This is partly why he is willing to die. He knows he has already sinned.
John Proctor depicts a courageous individual with an image of a sincere and an honorable man, not only in minds of the Salem community, but also in his own. His death implies more than a “tragedy”, but rather a strong action that inspires and encourages citizens in Salem to follow his footstep for change. Proctor is frustrated at how the court for believing Abigail and not the innocents. He says, “My wife is innocent, except she knew a whore when she saw one! You are pulling Heaven down and raising up a whore!” (Act III). He is infuriated that the officials in the court believe the ridiculous pretenses and acting of the Salem girls, that everyone’s the belief in god seems to be deteriorating.
John Proctor is portrayed throughout the play to be a man who has high moral values that he must abide by. He can spot hypocrisy in others easily and judges himself no less harshly. Elizabeth Proctor says to him in the second act:
Arthur Miller’s political allegory of McCarthyism, in the form of The Crucible, has been adapted into a faithful companion to the play that is able to incorporate the emotions and atmosphere that may not have been available to some in the play. Miller’s screenplay is very faithful to the book, having many of the same lines and situations the character in the play experience. Because of this, we are able to make an active connection to the play, thus expanding our understanding of the play. Lead by Daniel Day-Lewis, The Crucible’s plot is portrayed by a solid cast, who, for the most part, are able to engross the viewer into the story. The film contains many captivating scenes that exemplify hysteria meant to be depicted in the play, that demands the viewers attention while also immersing them in emotions. The film adaptation of The Crucible is a well produced version of the play that not only serves as a companion to the play, but an entertaining and though provoking experience.
With treasures of valuable lessons to learn, Miller’s ‘The Crucible’ is a sturdily startling fictionalized account of the McCarthyism era that took place in the 1950s. The rigid religious and moral views by Salem’s religious leaders on the townspeople, overthrowing the community’s thoughts by ruling with absolute terror and violence subsidizes to a town’s mass hysteria when Abigail, a young girl coated with selfishness and wickedness, along with her group of friends indict innocent people who have slighted them of performing witchcraft. The use of potent and unnerving imagery is extremely tragic and painful to witness positioning the audience to evoke an emotional reaction towards the innocent people blamed in the text and therefore indirectly
The play, ‘The Crucible’, illustrates how people react to mass hysteria created by a person or group of people, as people did during the McCarthy hearings of the 1950s and the Salem witch hunts of 1962. Many Americans were wrongly accused of being Communist sympathizers. The activities of the House of Un-American Activities Committee began to be linked with the witchcraft trials that had taken place in the town of Salem. This provided Miller with the catalyst to write ‘The Crucible’. Without the knowledge of the McCarthy hearings and the Salem witch hunts, ‘The Crucible’ may be seen as a melodrama and the events in the play, sensationalised. It is not a melodrama because it is not overly dramatic; the McCarthy hearings and the witch hunts inject realism in the play. The play deals with historical events and with characters that have a historical context.
Arthur Miller’s The Crucible is a play that was first performed in 1953 in the United States of America in the midst of the persecution of alleged communists during the era of McCarthyism. Although the play explicitly addresses the Salem which hunt, many find that the play is an analogy to McCarthyism due to the striking similarities in which the people behaved. Miller highlight the different groups of characters in order to reveal overlying ideas of the play such as: Self preservation, power, and hypocrisy.
During Author Miller’s era of the 1950’s, the ‘cold war’ was happening. Senetor Joeseph McCarthy was completely against communism and began to arrest the communists and people assosiating with them. Those arrested were forced to either name names to identify those who were communists or thought to be, or else they would remain in jail. This was callef McCarthyism For many, being prisioned was a terrible frightening thought so they would name names including any that they could think of that could be innocent. Author Miller was arrested for associating with communists and refused to identify others, and wrote The Crucible, using it as an allegory to identify the problems of society and it’s flaws of the corrupt government.
Authors often have underlying reasons for giving their stories certain themes or settings. Arthur Miller’s masterpiece, The Crucible, is a work of art inspired by actual events as a response to political and moral issues. Set in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692, The Crucible proves to have its roots in events of the 1950’s and 1960’s, such as the activities of the House Un-American Committee and the “Red Scare.” Though the play provides an accurate account of the Salem witch trials, its real achievement lies in the many important issues of Miller’s time that it dealswith.
Throughout Arthur Miller’s The Crucible and the duration of the Salem Witch Trials, John Proctor is a very well known community man who everyone sees as a kind, trustworthy, and loyal man. He may be seen this way, but in his possession he holds a secret that will then lead to his downfall. John Proctor starts to lose who he really is and then turns into someone who people don’t even recognize anymore. This change begins when there is a possibility that he may lose his life when confronted to the court. Proctor’s state plays a big part in leading up to his dreadful death. Such as his affair, the accusation of his wife, and the tensions taking place in his marriage.
The issues of power, that Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, portrays are concerned with, who has the power, the shifts of power that take place and how power can consume people and try to abuse it, for either vengeance, jealously, material gain or sexual desire.