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Types of research methods used
Traditional Research Methods
Research methodologies
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Methodology & Philosophy of Science
In this chapter I discuss the research methods suitable for the study and what is useful for it to use in response for the problem statement which is directed towards the creative leaders in companies. Furthermore, in this chapter I present the methods which I used to find out needed information for the project. Thus, this part specifies the methods of research which I used, data collection and analysis of gathered data.
Philosophy of Science
All people in the world culture, appearence, behaviour mostly depends on nationality, country. Hence, view on the world and how they perceive it is different. As we all have different lifes, different destinies, so many things we create our own truth, and we perceives surroundings in a different way.
I, as group of one person, am subjectivist believe that everybody learn and take knowledge from their experience, what kind of life they live and also how they interpretate the information which they read, heard, or etc. I acknowledge multiple truths and take every person opinion into account. Everybody have their opinion about everything, so I not judge for that others opinion is different from mine, I just accept it. Hence, everybody perceives the world differently, if it is in my interview or in the secondary data that I collect.
What is more, subjectivism is an epistemological (theory of knowledge) theory, how everybody can achieve it. As I mention before subjectivism is that every person the knowledge which they gain starts with they private feelings, emotions, ideas and etc. For this reason, everybody gain different understanding about the world and also social life. Moreover, the same we can apply and for the companies, because as every individual have ...
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...ges. First advantage would be that I have saved some time. Second advantage – that person who I wanted to interview about creative leadership and also about company in which he/she works did not need to plan our meeting, he/she was able to answer into my questions when he/she wants. Of course, the interviewee has smaller chance of a spontaneous answer to the question, because he/she has more time to think about the answer. One of the disadvantages would be that I cannot get enough information, which can be suitable for me. Because when you talk with person then can come up with more questions and for this reason you know more. One more distadvantage is that the interviewer, in this case I, might have to wait for days or weeks before the interviewee answer the questions. This also leads to the risk that the person who has to answer the questions may forget to reply.
Before you can summarize the concepts related to leadership theory, you have to define what leadership is. Leadership is a process of social influence in which one person can enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task or goals. The fundamental concept of leadership is indirection. In any organization, the leader indirectly impacts the performance of the organization through the performance of individual team members. To make that impact, the leader takes on the role of the coach, and the inspiratory. As the coach, the leader improves the performer's skills. As the inspiratory, the leader inspires the passion required for optimal performance. A good leader can make decisions with a clear mind and will listen to theirs but can run through every consequence and possibility in their head. They take every angle and come out with the best answer for the majority of the people or situations it effects. And will not let their emotions be shut off but will have feeling where it is needed.
The aim of this paper is to explore and critically analysing two research articles. The critical analysis will explain the importance of the study, evaluate design and research method used in those articles. To identify any gaps it will provide the literature review in those researches and possibility for the new study. The project plan, for the possible research will be developed on a potential gaps and the essay will finish with the conclusion.
The systematic and scholarly study of leadership consumed much of the twentieth century and continues to remain a vital topic of discussion today. Theories abound as to what makes one a good leader and, despite the continued efforts of many, no single operable expression of the meaning of leadership exists. In an attempt to address this issue James Kotterman wrote, “Leadership Versus Management: What’s the Difference.” The following review shall briefly summarize Kotterman’s article and follow with conclusions based on the experiences of this author.
The way I view the world may not be the same as everyone else’s view. I see the human race as one race. I do not believe in stereotypes or segregation of any type. As time passes, society evolves. One day all generations will be beautifully blended and enriched with the best of each culture.
Leadership is contagious throughout the world and most importantly in the Army. It is not just my view, but of all leaders, at all levels, that organizations are responsible for setting conditions that lead to long-term organizational success. As I reflect on my experiences, through experience and observation, I realize how my values, beliefs, and perspectives about leadership continuously evolve over time. Recognizing these changes over time helps me better understand that people in organizations have different perspectives in life. This leadership narrative serve as important guiding principles for how I will lead at the organizational level and represents my thought, values and beliefs.
Worldviews and the human condition are intertwined. Worldviews are inherited and developmental, they can be influenced and change overtime. An individual’s culture, religion and society influence their worldview. Worldviews are significant to the human condition because they are the structure of beliefs, values and assumptions regarding the way the world operates. A worldview also makes an individual challenge their beliefs and views of reality. Worldviews make people question where they come from and the meaning of life. Giving an individual meaning, purpose and a connection to the world.
Everyone has a worldview with main characteristics that are ever changing. Different sources influence this framework such as parenting, friendship, telecommunication or internet media, educational and religious sectors. Hindson and Caner (2008) propose standardization methods of worldview are measured either by emotions and feelings, socialism, or the truth (Hindson & Caner, 2008, p.499). Recognition of a person’s worldview can be found based on ones answer to several reality questions surrounding God (origin), human nature (identity), reality (meaning/purpose), after life (destiny), values (morality or ethics).
I do not think or see myself as better as others I see us all of equal. I do however see us all on different levels, but not that I need to be in competition with someone. I would often see people’s positive side more and focus on what they can do instead of what they feel could be a negative thing. I will focus on positive qualities of a person and see the bigger picture instead of focusing on the cons.
I believe we each perceive things differently, and the combination of all our perceptions creates how we view the world, creates our reality.
When people think of leadership so many things rush through their heads. For example am I a leader, am I apart of a group that has a leader, and what does being a leader mean? A common definition of being a leader is a person who leads or guides a group of people. So now knowing the definition of a leader who pops into your head; Phil Jackson, Mike Krzyzewski, Martin Luther King Jr.? All of these people are great leaders, but the real question is why are they so great? One very important thing that all these men have in common is they have a philosophy of leadership. This philosophy is going to help guide these men during turbulent times, or when they need guidance themselves. Nobody is perfect and everyone needs direction no matter how wise or gifted you are. I am no different, which is why writing this philosophy of leadership is going to be a fruitful experience for years to come.
On the basis of their experiences they organize and define the world to understand its structure and functions. World view includes one’s perception of everything that exists around to him/her e.g. society, culture, earth, universe, life etc. As we are also an important part of this world so the answer of our basic question ‘who we are?’ also affected by our own world view.
In conclusion, each country has the knowledge and understanding of its own culture and will therefore have a different perception of foreign cultures due to the possible lack of understanding. The argument “someone can only fully understand another culture if they speak their language” is I believe true. Language can not always be translated directly so the only way to fully understand a concept of a culture is to speak that language learning the subtle nuances. Ignorance, I believe causes misunderstanding, take for instance when Brits go on holiday unable to comprehend another language yet believing that everyone should understand them sometimes coming across as arrogant and rude. Understanding a culture needs patience, understanding and open mindedness. Respecting one-another’s differences can allows us to live together in harmony irrespective of our cultural upbringing and beliefs. I believe differences alleviate boredom as life would be mundane if we were all the same.
Sociocultural relativism: it entails that anthropologist should study the cultural phenomena using the etic perspective; where a sociocultural system such as the community’s behaviour, ideas, and customs is studied within their own context.
Positivism is a research method that developed from the behavioral revolution, which sought to combine positivism and empiricism to politics (Halperin and Heath, 2012: 27). That is to say, this research approach is governed by natural law to observe, understand and to find meaning in the empirical world. This type of research seeks to answer two empirical questions, such as ‘what is out there’ and ‘what do we call it’ (Gerring, 2001: 156). Positivism is only interested in phenomenons that can be observed through our senses. Thus, positivism is interested in social realities that can be observed and measured by the scientific method (Halperin and Heath, 2012: 29). Furthermore, positivism believes that the gathering of evidence through scientific method can create knowledge and laws, known as induction (Halperin and Heath, 2012: 27). That is to say, evidence can be verified and later generalized then applied to multiple contexts. A positivist would investigate empirical questions that assume how the world works through the accuracy of a probable truth (Gerring, 2001: 155).
Striating from the research idea to the culmination of the findings, the research process entails many segments, all of which are imperative. By choosing the research methodology, the researchers can formulate the path to be used in conducting the study and reporting the findings. The methodology helps in the search of literature, development of research questions and the creation of the most suitable study design. It also assists in the interpretation of the results and the publication of the findings in journals.