CREATION AND VERIFICATION OF THE PAPER BASED CERTIFICATES WITH SIGNATURE. Creation of Signature on the issuing Certificate According to Murthy et al. (2011), the vital information that has to input in this paper such as Unique no, Reg no, first name, middle name, last name, Father’s name, passing year and obtained marks) need to be considered as an input m. Then after, m is hashed with a secure hashing algorithm (SHA-1) to create a hash value md. The hash value md is then encrypted using the issuing authority private key and the digital signature is found to be encrypted value (ds). Ultimately, ds is converted into a barcode BC and then printed along with the information required on the certificate. Verification of signature(Extract from: http://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2011/WCECS2011_pp33-35.pdf) Model of certificate (Extract from: http://www.iaeng.org/publication/WCECS2011/WCECS2011_pp33-35.pdf) Verification of the certificate The vital information which belongs to the appropriate candidate mentioned in the above procedure is considered to be input m. On the other hand, m is hashed with a secure hashing algorithm (SHA-1) to create hash value md1. Bar code BC which is normally available on the particular certificate is concerted into ASCII code ds and it then decrypted with the public key of the issuing authority which gives a value md2. Make a difference between md1 and md2. Certificate is treated fake if md1 does not match to md2; otherwise it is genuine and original. Scanner identification with Extension to Forgery Detection According to Khanna et al. (2006), Digital images can be taken and from different digital cameras and scanners. Nowadays, ... ... middle of paper ... ...line level. A generic method was proposed which in turn avoid the use of dedicated document model or record sources grouping as we need to manage unknown document types. With the help of SEP forgery it is possible to produce fake document. However, the fraudster may favor two techniques to create fraudulent document: • Copy and paste forgery: a set of characters is replicated from the document and stuck on an alternate region to reinstate or include data as demonstrated in Figure below. Accordingly, the last digitized fake document will hold characters with precisely the same shape. The point when the characters are duplicated from an alternate archive with alternate font properties. The fraud belongs to the forgery process below. (a) Copy and paste technique (b) Imitation technique Figure 1(Extract from: http://refbase.cvc.uab.es/files/BGR2013.pdf)
deposit to the total amount of the checks. After the deposit has been verified and all numbers are correct, the teller will then run the checks through the proof machine to be verified again.
There are five different types of check fraud that can occur: check kitting, paper hanging, forgery, counterfeiting and alteration. Check kitting is when a person opens an account at two or more institutions and deposits and withdraws during the float time to create a fraudulent balance. Paper hanging is when a person writes a check on a closed account (either theirs or another person’s). Forgery can happen two different ways. The first way forgery can happen is in a business, when an employee, without proper authorization, issues a check. The second way forgery can happen is when somebody steals a check, endorses it and uses false personal identification to present it for payment at a bank. Counterfeiting and alteration are fairly similar and we will go into depth on how each of these takes place. Counterfeiting is when a person uses a photocopier to duplicate a check or fabricates a whole check on a personal computer with sophisticated software and a laser printer. Alteration is when chemicals are used on a check to remove or m...
The process of verifying a person’s identity, also called authentication, plays an important role in various areas of everyday life. Any situation with user interaction where the identity is required needs a means to verify the claimed identity. One of the more obvious and commonly known application areas for identity verifying technologies, i.e. authentication, is the Logical Access Control to computer systems, where authenticity is normally established by confirming aclaimed identity with a secret password or PIN code.Traditional methods of confirming the identity of an unknown person rely either upon some secret knowledge (such as a PIN or password) or upon an object the person possesses (such as a key or card). But testing for secret knowledge or the possession of special objects can only confirm the knowledge or presence, and not, that the rightful owner is present. In fact, both could be stolen. Conversely, biometric technology is capable of establishing a much closer relationship between the user’s identity and a particular body, through its unique features or behavior.
Once the ADP Approving Official has verified the accuracy of all documentation, have the Approving official sign the front of the DD Form 1348 and the “CPU Hard Drive Certification”, if applicable, then remove the barcode label and place it on the Oracle database printout sheet.
PKC is the enabling technology for all Internet security and the increasing use of digital signatures, which are replacing traditional signatures in many contexts. However, RSA is better than PKC because RSA doesn’t need digital signature. As a result, the RSA algorithm turned out to be a perfect fit for the implementation of a practical public security system. In 1977, Martin Gardner first introduced the RSA system. After 5 years, company RSA used secure electronic security products. Nowadays many credit companies of all over the world use the RSA system or a similar system based on the RSA system.
The identity of students is verified by official admission procedures and includes in-person identity vetting. The credentialing authority must require valid current primary Government Picture ID that contains current picture, and either address of record or nationality (e.g. DL or Passport).
To plagiarize is to pass off someone else’s ideas, work, or likeness as one’s own, typically without indicating the source and giving proper credit. Plagiarism can occur in many ways, often accidentally. For example, a student might erroneously transpose words in order to try to paraphrase a source’s ideas rather than summarizing the ideas with new phrasing. Or a student might quote a portion of source material directly and fail to properly indicate that it is a quotation with proper citation, and simply insert a phrase directly into the prose of their own work.
Encryption: The sender is converting the actual message into points like (xi,yi) by passing the original message using the algorithm given in Fig 1. In Step 4, M is constructed by using the formula.
The birth number is calculated by adding the individual digit of the two-digit birth day number. The name number is calculated by adding up the numbers corresponding to each letter of a person’s name. Each such number also signifies a certain set of qualities and vices which is true for that particular person.
This is a documents required in case of import of goods. It is like shipping bill in case of exports. A bill of Entry is the document testifying the fact that goods of the stated value and description in specified quantity are entering into the country from abroad. The customs office supplies this foam which is prepared in triplicate. Three different colors are used to prepare bill of entry. One copy is retains by custom department, other is retained by port trust and the third is kept by the importer.
Identification check: - At the front desk, the test takers will be required to present one valid form of identification. Your identification proof must clearly show your name, your signatures and recognizable picture of yourself along with your date of
Signature fraud is a crime in all states. Yet, the consequences vary from state to state. The intensity of the crime determines whether it is a state or federal case. Federal cases are usually if someone alters a government document or a government given identification. Possessing a forged instrument or document could
As one of the feature of biometric, signature verification is used to find the authenticity of a person to give the access the most valued and important documents and shelf. Firstly the signature of a person are taken as a reference in database. To generate the database, number of attempts from the same person has been taken, as it would permit minute deviations in signatures that generates due to environmental conditions. Once it is done, then the signatures at other times are every time then verified with the existing database. Because of confidentially of the file/document/transaction giving access is the crucial process that should be monitored with perfection. The same happens with offline signature verification. Computerized process and verification algorithm (thus software) takes fully care of signature under test, generate results that are 100% authentic, and advocates credibility of the concerned person .However, there might raise issue of authenticity even if the same person performs the signature. Or, at times a forge person may duplicate the exact signature. Many research have been done to find the accuracy of result so as to prevent from forgery. Forgery is also divided into different categories depending upon their severity as
Iris recognition is very accurate and distinctive because iris has a complex texture that can produce a substantial amount of information to identify a person. Furthermore, the iris remains almost unchanged from childhood, only minuscule variations are presented. The biometric data is captured using a small and high definition camera that is able to recognize different characteristics of the iris. Moreover, the system can detect the use of contact lens with a fake iris and can realize with the natural movement of the eye if the sample object is a living being. Although initially iris recognition systems were expensive and complex to use, new technology developments have improved these weaknesses.
Fabrication is the “intentional and unauthorized falsification or invention of any information or citation in an academic exercise.”