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strategies teaching autistic children pdf
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As any parent will tell you, raising children is a difficult task - time consuming, stressful, and emotional. From their child’s birth, parents are charged with guiding and nurturing their offspring, giving praise and punishment when necessary, educating about the ways of life, and dealing with every kind of pressure imaginable. Even when raising a normal, healthy child, parents must develop ways of coping with the day-to-day pressures that result from parenting. For parents whose children have autism however, finding effective coping skills is not only challenging, but essential to maintaining a healthy mental state (Coping). Having not only seen numerous children with autism, but also growing up with a younger brother who has autism, the author of this paper wonders - what are these coping methods? Which ones are most effective? And why are they so important?
What is autism?
Autism, as defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary, is “a variable developmental disorder [...] characterized by impairment of the ability to form normal social relationships, [...] to communicate with others, and by stereotyped behavior patterns” (Autism). Though broadly defined, this is for a good reason - autism, rather than being a mental disorder with specific symptoms and signs, is a disorder marked by a combined spectrum of symptoms. The symptoms of autism vary from individual to individual in severity, and number. 60% of those with autism have average, or even above average intelligence; only about 40 percent of those who have autism have an intellectual disability, where their IQ is less than 70 (Frequently). Subsequently, although their are those who, despite their autism, lead relatively normal lives, there are those whose autism is severe e...
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...imately, in the end, for those children with autism.
Works Cited
Citations
"Frequently Asked Questions." Autism Speaks. Autism Speaks Inc., n.d. Web. 1 Dec. 2013.
Gray, David E. "Coping with autism: Stresses and strategies." Sociology of Health & Illness 16.3 (1994): 275-300.
Montes, Guillermo, and Jill S. Halterman. "Psychological functioning and coping among mothers of children with autism: a population-based study."Pediatrics 119.5 (2007): e1040-e1046.
Pottie, Colin G., and Kathleen M. Ingram. "Daily stress, coping, and well-being in parents of children with autism: a multilevel modeling approach." Journal of Family Psychology 22.6 (2008): 855.
Hall, Heather R. "Families Of Children With Autism: Behaviors Of Children, Community Support And Coping." Issues In Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing 35.2 (2012): 111-132. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.
Hartmann, Ashley, "Autism and its Impact on Families" (2012). Master of Social Work Clinical Research Papers. Paper 35. http://sophia.stkate.edu/msw_papers/35
Autism is a developmental disorder that appears within the first three years of a child’s life. It affects the brain's normal development of social and communication skills. Autism affects 1 out of 68 children. It is also the fastest growing disability in the United States. There are multiple types of Autism, some children are considered high functioning, and some are low functioning. “High functioning” is when a child with autism can function in life, and completes jobs, and chores with little to no help. “Low functioning” is when a child with autism cannot complete simple daily tasks without help, and (or) constant supervision.
Stoner, J. B., & Thompson, S. J. (2005). Welcome to our World: Parent perceptions of interactions between parents of young children with ASD and education professionals. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20(1), 39-51.
This paper will review five studies concerning the behavior and development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The studies investigate how autism effects communication, socialization, cognitive development, and a number of other areas. Researchers use many different types of scales to measure and compare the difference between children with ASD and typically developing children.
Hamilton, Lynn M. Facing Autism: Giving Parents Reasons for Hope and Guidance for Help. Colorado Springs, CO: WaterBrook, 2000. Print.
Unfortunately, a lot of parents may have a difficult time accepting their child, and coping with their needs and the responsibilities. From the book “The Elephant in the Playroom,” some families dealt with depression and physical and mental deterioration of their health. These struggles were shown in the story by Laura Cichoracki. Laura’s son’s name was Patrick. Patrick was a 6-years-old boy with autism. “I wasn’t eating right, I wasn’t showering regularly, I wasn’t sleeping well” (Brodey, p. 64). I also read the story told by Susan Marrash-Minnerly, which highlighted emotions that parents face. Susan also shed light on how wonderful children with special needs can be to a family, such as her ten-year-old third grader who had autism. Susan talked about how it was normal to feel angry at times, especially with the ups and downs a child’s disability may come with. “When I look back, I want to tell other parents that a child’s future is worth grieving over – but it’s not the end of the world” (Brodey, p. 75). After reading these stories, it became apparent to me that families who are raising kids with special needs, need support, kindness, and available resources. “I was fortunate to be surrounded by other moms who understood my pain…who could be supportive and emphatic.” (Brodey, p. 67). Overall, educators can use this kind of information that was shared in “The Elephant in the Playroom” about family systems and risk/resiliency by creating lines of open communication between families. This is to connect parents together that share similar struggles. By creating open communication is can allows for the teacher and parents to be on the same page when it comes to the issues affecting special needs students and
Boyd, B. A. (2002). Examining the relationship between stress and lack of social support in mothers of children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 17, 208-215.
At some point in their lives, all parents will experience stress as a result of having children. However, the types of stressors that parents of ID children experience are different and the level of stress is remarkably higher and often carries on into adulthood (Myers, Mackintosh and Goin-Kochel, 2009, p. 671). Research has shown that the immediate stressor is the diagnosis of the child; parents need to go through the grieving process in order to come to terms with their child’s condition (Norizan and Shamsuddin, 2010, p. 1000). The severity of the child’s impairment plays a significant role in determining parental stress levels (Rivard, Terroux and Parent-Boursier, 2014, p. 9). Myers, Mackintosh and Goin-Kochel (2009, p. 671) conducted a survey on 493 parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The study identified that over 70% of parent statements expressed that their child’s care and supervision demands, school struggles, marital problems and challenging behaviours were major sources of stress.
Seltzer, M. M., Shattuck, P., Abbeduto, L., & Greenberg, J. S. (2004). Trajectory of development in adolescents and adults with autism. Mental retardation and developmental disabilities research reviews, 10(4), 234-247.
In Disabilities Vol. 2 a theory is presented on the effects experienced by the siblings of autistic children. This theory states that parents of children with autism typically give more time and energy to their autistic child than their other children. It also theorizes that although no formal expectations of the non-autistic child are established, they feel a responsibility to take over the role of care giver for the autistic sibling once the current care givers, in this case the parents, are gone. Another theory presented in this publication is...
The Experiences And Perceptions Of Social Support By Single Mothers Of Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder
"The Affects of Autism in Families and in Partner Relationships - Autism College." Autism College. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2014.
Many treatments have been suggested to parents for children with autism. An Internet survey was carried out and allocated to parents in order to classify the treatments applied by parents of children with autism. Almost all 108 of the 111 treatments recorded in the survey were used by at least one parent. An overall of 764 surveys were presented to the website throughout the 3-month data gathering tim...
Autism is an intricate developmental disorder that is characteristically noticed by parents and or diagnosed by parents between the ages of eight-teen months and three years of age. In recent studies, Werner (2001) isolated themes from in-depth interviews conducted with different parents of children with autism. These themes included the following findings: the family’s life revolves around dealing with the child’s autism and unusual behaviors; parents feel losses because they and their children cannot lead a so called normal life; and the family experiences only fleeting moments of actually feeling like a typical family. Autism does not effect a particular type of person it occurs in all social, racial, and ethnic groups.
Dempsey, I. & Foreman, P. ( 2001). A Review of Educational Approaches for Individuals with Autism. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 48 (1), 105-116.