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Functions of calcium rich diet
WHY IS CALCIUM IMPORTANT IN THE Human body detail essays
Evaluation of hypercalcemia
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Calcium is a fundamental necessity for the sustenance of human life. It is the most common mineral found in the human body and exists under physiological conditions as either hydroxyapatite (also known as calcium phosphate crystals), which is the main structural component found in the bones and teeth, or as calcium cations. Calcium cations play several roles in the body, such as in ion transport, the conduction of nerve impulses, contraction of muscle fibers, and in the secretion of hormones (Higdon). These cations are vital for cell signaling in the human body and their concentration in the blood and extracellular fluid are heavily regulated. When serum calcium levels are too low in the body (known as hypocalcemia), osteoclasts will work to demineralize some of the extra stored calcium in the bones in order to regain normal physiological serum levels (Higdon). When calcium levels in the body are too high (known as hypercalcemia), the elevated number of calcium cations can interfere with their normal physiological functions as well as cause other symptoms.
Hypercalcemia is a life-threatening condition where serum calcium levels are higher than normal. Normal calcium levels may range from approximately 2.25 to 2.5 mmol/L. Hypercalcemia varies in its chronicity and severity, but its severity is generally categorized as mild (where serum calcium levels may range from 2.5 to 3 mmol/L), moderate (ranging from 3 to 3.5 mmol/L), or as severe (with levels greater than 3.5 mmol/L) (Agraharkar). Calcium levels in the bloodstream are strictly regulated via the cooperation of the parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and vitamin D acting together on the bones, GI tract, and kidneys (Mathur). In the healthy human body, these regulators...
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...maintaining good health and catching an illness early on.
Works Cited:
Agraharkar, Mahendra, MD. "Hypercalcemia ." Medscape. Ed. Vecihi Batuman, MD. WebMD, 17 May 2012. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
Grill, Vivian, and T. J. Martin. "Hypercalcemia of Malignancy." Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 1.4 (2000): 253-54. SpringerLink. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Web. 24 Feb. 2014.
Higdon, Jane, Ph.D. " Micronutrient Research for Optimum Health." Linus Pauling Institute. Oregon State University, Apr. 2003. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
Knott, Laurence. "Hypercalcaemia." Patient.co.uk. Patient Information Publications, 13 Jan. 2014. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
Mathur, Ruchi, MD. "Hypercalcemia." MedicineNet. Ed. Melissa Stöppler, MD. WebMD, 9 Jan. 2014. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
Skugor, Mario, MD. "Hypercalcemia." Cleveland Clinic Medical Education. Jan. 2009. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
The body controls calcium levels in the bones and blood through parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. PTH is released in the blood to stimulate osteocytes, which causes bone to breakdown. In turn this releases calcium when levels are low in the blood stream.
Context: Hypercalcemia is a commonly encountered clinical problem. In the majority (90%) of the cases it is either due to malignancy or primary hyperparathyroidism and is rarely due to granulomatous disease.
Magnesium is an important element necessary healthy bones and teeth. The use of all muscles, and nerves convert it into energy for daily living. It is also instrumental in maintaining adequate levels of calcium in the blood. Having a therapeutic magnesium level helps prevent cardiovascular disease and reduces the risk of bone loss. The body of the adult human contains about 2000 mEq of Mg. Half of this amount stays within the skeleton and the other half in soft tissues (Wacker and Parisi 1968). The normal concentration in the blood is somewhere in the ranges of 1.7-2.3 mg/dL (Magnesium, 2013)
Although mad-cow disease is always fatal, it is not really much of a worry in the United States. There have only been four cases of mad-cow disease ever recorded in the United States. In every case, the United States Department of Agriculture has intervened and recalled tons of beef, 10,400 lbs. in the first case to be exact, in order to insure that the meat did not reach the plates of United States citizens.
Hypercholesterolemia is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy fat-like substance and is a major class of lipid, so it gets into the blood by lipoproteins [1]. A high level of lipoproteins is unhealthy. A high level can result in an elevated risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease [2]. The high levels of lipoproteins are often influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors such as obesity or dieting habits [2]. High cholesterol can be caused by mutations in the following genes: APOB, LDLR, LDLRAP1, and PCSK9 [3]. Mutations in the LDLR gene are responsible for causing familial hypercholesterolemia, which is the most commonly seen form of inherited high cholesterol [3]. The LDLR gene contains instructions for making LDL receptors or low-density lipoprotein receptors. LDL receptors play critical roles in regulating levels of cholesterol in the blood by removing low-density lipoproteins from the bloodstream. Mutations in the LDLR gene can make the amount of LDL receptors produced less than normal or affect their job of removing the low-density lipoproteins in the blood [4]. People who have these mutations will have higher levels of cholesterol. There are many ways that the environment can affect the levels of cholesterol in the blood. Reducing the amount of dietary fat you consume lowers the total amount of cholesterol in the blood [5]. Sucrose and fructose can raise the amount of LDL in the blood. Reducing fatty foods will however lower the amount of LDL [5]. Having a healthy body and maintaining physical exercise plays a key role in keeping your cholesterol at a healthy level. If you are overweight or obese you can lower your cholesterol levels by simply losing ...
Bones of the skeletal system serve as storage compartments for vital minerals like phosphorus and calcium. Excessive calcium in the blood is stored in bones. Calcium is released from the bones into the blood when there are deficient amounts of it in the blood.
Osteoporosis is a condition, which advances with age, resulting in fragile, weak bones due to a decrease in bone mass. Externally osteoporotic bone is shaped like normal bone, however it’s internal appearance differs. Internally the bone becomes porous due to a loss in essential minerals, including phosphate and calcium. The minerals are loss more quickly than they can be replaced and in turn cause the bones to become less dense and weak. The bones become prone to fracture, due to their weakness. Therefore the awareness of the disease tends to occur after a fracture has been sustained. The bones most commonly affected are the ribs, wrist, pelvis and the vertebrae.
Ms. Gm, my client, lived alone in the community housing corporation. On this faithful morning my patient woke-up complaining of severe headache, fatigue, inability to sleep, dyspnea and dizziness. Following this situation she was taken to the hospital by a neighbor and while she was in the emergency department she was seen by the physician where she was diagnosed with hypertension.
Osteoporosis is a serious disease that leads to a faster than normal loss of the bone density, which puts the bone at a higher risk for fractures. In order to understand the causes of Osteoporosis, it is important to understand how bones are formed. Bone is a living tissue that is made mainly of collagen, calcium phosphate, and calcium carbonate. The mixture of collagen and calcium gives the bone strength and flexibility. The body deposits new bones and removes old ones; moreover, there are two types of bone cells that control the reproduction of bones. Cells called osteoclasts breakdown bone tissues thus, damaging the bone. Once the damaged bone is removed, cells called osteoblasts, use minerals including calcium and phosphate from the blood stream to make new healthy bone tissues. In order for osteoblasts and osteoclasts to work properly, hormones such us thyroid, estrogen, testosterone, and growth hormones are
Vitamin K is essential for the formation of osteocalcin, a type of protein found only in the body. High intake of vitamin K has been linked to lower risk of fractures in some populations. ...
These two hormone helps to regulate the calcium levels in the body. These two hormones work together to control the two cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) which allows the body to maintain the calcium levels going in and out of the bones. The calcitonin is the hormone which stops the osteoclasts from occurring but stimulates the osteoblast which results in the calcium level decreasing and the other hormone parathyroid stops the osteoblasts but stimulates the osteoclasts which increases the level of
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious disease with complications that may have fatal results in some cases. DKA is defined as an insulin deficiency that occurs when glucose fails to enter insulin into muscles such as: liver and adipose tissue. When there is an accumulation of ketones, it leads to metabolic acidosis which causes nausea and vomiting, as a result fluid and electrolytes are lost (Gibbs). There are many complications of diabetic ketoacidosis, some of the most prevalent are: Cerebral Edema, Hypoglycemia, and Acute Pancreatitis.
Calcium is essential to normal functioning in a healthy individual; this only leaves the question of where to get it. There are many sources available to meet daily requirements, two of which are dairy products and supplemental vitamins. Both of these options have qualities that make them appealing, so choosing might be difficult or even come to a middle ground. Some of the considerations to be made are: what calcium is, the types of calcium in each source, how much should be ingested daily, the body’s ability to absorb and tolerate calcium from the chosen source, and the interactions that might occur with other medicines and required daily nutrients. In both cases a decent nutritional diet still needs to be incorporated. It may seem like a simple choice between a couple of pills a day or 3-4 glasses of milk, but there is quite a bit more
Nutrition plays a significant role in the development of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from the loss of bone mass which can be the result of hormonal changes or a deficiency of calcium or vitamin D. Calcium is important for healthy bones and because our body does not produce calcium. We must get it from foods that we eat. The needed amount of calcium for adults over 50 years old is 1,200 mg while an age 19-50 is 1,000 mg and for children 9-18 is 1,300 mg. Popular sources of calcium are milk, yogurt and cheese. Other sources of calcium can be found in leafy green vegetables such as lettuces, spinach, collards, kale, Swiss chard, rhubarb, turnip greens, mustard, and
Minerals (micronutrient), there are various minerals and each group plays a different role, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) all help to harden bones and teeth. Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role in haemoglobin (Hb). Potassium (K), sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are all helpful in maintaining the bodies PH balance and are all used in action potential (Grammarly,