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Importance of cognition
Psychology terms 101
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In today's society, cognitive shortcut play an important role in human behavior and affect everyday life. These shortcuts are used every second of every day and we not realize it. These shortcuts explored based techniques liked problem solving, learning, and decision making the goal of this paper is to discuss heuristics and algorithms and how we make decision in our everyday life. So we can help better understand the decision and judgment we make.
In psychology heuristics is referred to the strategy of learning, problem solving, and in which we used quick decisions to help with a problem (Feldman, 2013). Ex. Educated guess, stereotyping, and intuitive judgment. We used heuristics for typically face complex problem or situation base on a quick and direct decision. Sometime heuristics can be inaccurate in solving the problem. As a result of this three other heuristic was formed: Availability Heuristics is the process of judging an event based on the past memories of it (Feldman, 2013). Representative heuristics this heuristic was designed in 1970 by Daniel Kahneman. The representative is a process when you judge someone based on a certain group or category (Feldman, 2013). Anchoring and adjustment heuristics mean about this. When it comes to, decision making we rely on a numerous of heuristics for its speed process. In today's society, when people hear the word algorithms they mind immediately goes to math or science and not to psychology. When it comes to psychology algorithms is a set of rules that if you follow them step – by step you can get an in depth knowledge of your solution. An example of this would be a recipe. When you are dealing with algorithms in psychology you can use these steps-by step process. To help you limit ...
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...ion before a judgment is made. Since algorithms sometime considers a logical thinking skill people us this process in a variety of ways in math, science, business, and applying judgment of others.
Heuristic and Algorithms are two skills that help us understand how we judge things and how we make everyday decision based on using these two methods. If they are used in the right way they can have a big impact on our problem –solving and decision making skills. They can be a building block that we use in our everyday life situation.
Works Cited
Feldman, R. (2013). Cognition and Language. Essentials of understanding psychology (pp. 246-250). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Gerow, J. Roddrick, C. & Don, C. Basic Psychology. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Pub., 2008.
Tversky, A. & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgments under Uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185.
Due to the unique nature of the intelligence field, error of judgments can (and has) had catastrophic consequences. These errors are a result of complex decision making processes involved in the generation of intelligence products, affected by not only training and expertise, but by cognitive factors, particularly bias. The aim of this paper is to identify two different models of decision making (bounded rationality and intuitive decision making), the biases found in both models that affect the final intelligence product, and how these biases can be mitigated in order to avoid intelligence failures or minimise their impact.
Wade, C., Tavris, C., Garry, M. (2011). Psychology. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education Inc.
It has been thought in the near past that artificial intelligence would be a major threat to the human existence in this globe. But those days are no more. Now, this is being used for the betterment of the human lives that is to speed up the life. Algorithms are the factor behind it which has been made to help us connecting friends, finding information and even transporting us through the physical world.
Myers, D. G. (2013). Psychology: Tenth Edition in Modules. New York: Worth Publishers. Retrieved May 5th, 2013
Since high-quality decision-making plays such a significant role in our personal and professional lives, it's extremely important to identify tools and techniques that can aide us in the process. While many such tools exist, for the purposes of this paper, I will concentrate on one specific tool used for this purpose. The tool that will be discussed is called the "Six Thinking Hats" method (Mind Tools.com).
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Comer, R., Gould, E., & Furnham, A. (2013). Psychology. United States: John Wiley & Sons.
Being an “expert” means having a special knowledge or ability that allows you to perform actions skillfully, and at a higher level of confidence. It means having an extensive and task-specific skill learned from training, doing, and flat out experience. Knowing the facts, theories, and procedures about a general problem area is defined as being skilled in that area. A new subset of artificial intelligence was created with the definition of expert in mind. Early work with artificial intelligence was focusing too much on methods of search and heuristics which limited the search for solving problems. With much success, in 1978 some remarkable people at Stanford University designed a system called DENDRAL. It uses a chemist’s knowledge to find out what a chemical substance is. This was the birth of what we now call an “Expert System”.