Bolivian Republic of Venezuela is a county in South America. It was one of the countries that emerged from collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (Baguley and Winter 15). Hugo Chavez is the president since 1999. He was democratically elected president in 1998, after the approval of the new constitution in 1999, which is the highest law of the land (Baguley and Winter 12). Venezuela is subdivided into 23 states, a Capital District correspondent in the city of Caracas, and the Federal Dependencies (Baguley and Winter 15). The county is also divided into ten administrative regions, which were established by presidential decrees (Baguley and Winter 20). Children can be found working in agriculture, small to medium size businesses, scavenging in garbage dumps and gold (Baguley and Winter 15). Child Labor started in Venezuela because the government had failed to solve the education, working conditions and government corruption problems in the count (Coronel 2).
One of the problems, the government failed to solve is education for all the children (Baguley and Winter 10). Education free under the 1999 constitution however is not mandatory for all children in Venezuela to attend school (“Constitution Venezuela”). The government has set up 35 percent of the national budget to education. The student education budget has increased, but many children do not attend school due to poverty (“2008 Findings”). Children must work to keep the house running and to have food every day (Baguley and Winter 11). Indigenous and African descent children also do not get access to education (Baguley and Winter 15). There is twenty percent of the population without formal education. In April 2002, in Venezuela eighteen percent of the children that started prima...
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...nd they will be able to get an education (Baguley and Winter 30). The government should have a minimum wage set for the workers (Baguley and Winter 20).This will allow people in the county to make enough money that will allow them to run their house and they don’t have to make their children work. There should be stricter safety laws that will prevent workers from working in conditions that are dangerous to their health (Baguley and Winter 25). Also, the government should take education mandatory for all children in the county (Baguley and Winter 22). This will prevent a large number of children working in the child labor force (Baguley and Winter 20).However, this all will not be possible if the government of Venezuela does not step up and make changes to help the innocent children that are part of the growing child labor force in Venezuela (Baguley and Winter 30).
Most public school in Colombia are underfunded and have very few resources. According to the CIA Fact book education expenditures equal to 4.4% of the GDP. School life expectancy is 13 years and the unemployment rate for your ages between 15- 24 is 21.9 %. These numbers are in direct correlation with the terrorism conflict. The state has to concentrate its spending on military expenditures. This conflict also caused Colombia to become the country with the highest number of Internally Displaced Population. Official, there are 4,175,000 internally displaced people that lost their farms or homes due to the conflict in the rural areas. These people do not receive any assistance and went from being farmers and having a source of income to absolutely nothing. Most move into large cities and live in slumps. President Santos realizes the importance of education assured that “If we want to be free of poverty, if we want to combat it and if we wish to be the most socially unequal continent in the word, worse than Africa, education has to be our primary tool”. Santos believes that this has to be an “American movement. All of the Latin American states have to join together and make education a fundamental objective by creating a regional education
Since the 1970s, Venezuela has gone from being South America’s richest nation into a nouveau-poor society in search of an identity. Once known as the Saudis of the West, Venezuelans have seen their economic fortunes decline in exact proportion to the general fall in world oil prices. Even so, Venezuela’s many problems were hidden from view until relatively recently, when severity measures heralded the sort of economic crises so painfully familiar to other Latin American countries. Runaway inflation, currency devaluations and even food riots have marked this new phase in Venezuelan history, to which the country is still trying to adjust.
Throughout time children have worked myriad hours in hazardous workplaces in order to make a few cents to a few dollars. This is known as child labor, where children are risking their lives daily for money. Today child labor continues to exist all over the world and even in the United States where children pick fruits and vegetables in difficult conditions. According to the article, “What is Child Labor”; it states that roughly 215 million children around the world are working between the ages of 5 and 17 in harmful workplaces. Child labor continues to exist because many families live in poverty and with more working hands there is an increase in income. Other families take their children to work in the fields because they have no access to childcare and extra money is beneficial to buy basic needs. Although there are laws and regulations that protect children from child labor, stronger enforcement is required because child labor not only exploits children but also has detrimental effects on a child’s health, education, and the people of the nation.
“Child labor is work that harms children or keeps them from attending school.” Back then in the U.S., children were working between ages 5 to 17. Between the 1800s and 1900s, many children worked in agricultural fields, fishing, mining, manufacturing, and even drug trade and prostitution. Even though child labor laws are still avoided around the world, the effects on child labor in the US, before, was unbelieveable. Children were suffering from health issues, reform movements grew and other countries followed enforced child labor too.
What is Child Labor?Child Labor is work that harms children or keeps them from attending school. Around the world and in the U.S., growing gaps between rich and poor in recent decades have forced millions of young children out of school and into work. It is estimated that 215 million children between the ages of 5 and 17 are currently working under conditions that are considered illegal, hazardous, or extremely exploitative.1 Underage children work many different types of jobs that included commercial agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, mining, and domestic services. Some children were involved in illicit activities that included drug trade, prostitution, and other traumatic occupations that included serving as soldiers. Child Labor involved threatening children’s physical, mental, or emotional well- being. It involved intolerable abuse, such as slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labor or illicit activities and prevented children from going to school.
Christopher Hibbert’s The English: A Social History, 1066-1945, harshly reflects child labor. The author uses graphic details to portray the horrible work environment that the children, sometimes as young as four and five, were forced to work in. Hibbert discusses in much detail the conditions the children work in, the way they are mistreated, and what was done to prevent child labor.
Venezuela was one of the richest countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Colombia and Ecuador). For most of the first half of the 20th century, Venezuela was ruled by generally benevolent military strongmen, who promoted the oil industry and allowed for some social reforms. Democratically elected governments have held sway since 1959. Current concerns include: a polarized political environment, a politicized military, drug-related violence along the Colombian border, increasing internal drug consumption, overdependence on the petroleum industry with its price fluctuations, and irresponsible mining operations that are endangering the rain forest and indigenous peoples.
In Venezuela is the kindergarten, primary that is from first grade to a sixth grade, secondary that is from the first year of high school to fifth year of high school. In Venezuela the primary and the secondary are very good and are well advanced, but reading is not good, children are not prepared to read. Compared to Miami is the kindergarten, middle school, high school. In Miami the universities are better and also the reading system is very good. Children are very well prepared with the reading skills.
Hugo Chavez was a powerful and positive force in addressing social issues, however, his singular focus on social issues at the expense of other matters of the country left the Venezuelan economy in tatters. In 1998, 50.4% of the Venezuelan population was living below the poverty line, where as in 2006 the numbers dropped to 36.3% (Chavez leaves). Although he aggressively confronted the issue of poverty in Venezuela, many other problems were worsened. Some Chavez critics say he used the state oil company like a piggy bank for projects: funding homes, and healthcare while neglecting oil infrastructure and production. Without growth in the oil ind...
Venezuela is a country located on the northern coast of South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, Brazil and Colombia. Venezuela is a country full of beauties and contrasts where people can find beautiful beaches, plains, mountains, and even the majestic highest waterfall in the world (Angel Falls). Also, oil rich nation, one of the top 10 exporting countries worldwide. For more than four decades, this country lived in full democracy until 1999, when a former military officer, who was involved in a military coup years ago, Hugo Rafael Chavez Frias won the presidential elections, and who remained in the government until he died in 2013 from cancer. Hugo Chavez's political discourse based on the Marxist thoughts soon was creating "The Bolivarian Revolution", and since its beginning offered the XXI century socialism, which one was never described specifically to people.
Education is the core of humanity and its teaching has been mistreated. Based on Paulo Freire’s theory, education has been torn apart from its truthful purpose. It is now used to alienate human beings instead of promoting unity. Throughout this chapter, Chapter 2 in Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed, he concentrates in the teacher-student relationship in classrooms. He sees education as information that is being passed on or “banked” from teachers to students. This is what Freire refers to his concept of “banking education”. He also introduces numerous examples and other diverse concepts in his philosophy; for example, his proposition to confront the “banking” concept, the problem-posing education. Therefore, there is no need to search any further for what Paulo Freire illustrates as evident. Education is in crisis and it is up to the people in society to decide if they want to change it or not. Dropouts, illiteracy, violence and drug abuse in schools are some of the realistic reasons that prove the poverty of educational systems. Our society can benefit from Paulo Freire’s philosophy of education because the proposal he presents, problem-solving education, allows Puertorricans of all social classes to develop certain critical abilities which could, at any time, be used to defend themselves in any kind of social, political, or cultural environment. A method based on identifying, analyzing and taking action upon all kind of problems has to be developed in order to become liberated.
The next time when you are out on your shopping trip, chances you may have support a business that exploits children. It is very disturbing and heartbreaking to learn many children are chained to looms for 12 hours a day because families need to have their child bringing home a small amount of moneys. Child labor has always been a difficult subject to address, the topic have become much more complicated and prolific.
Trinidad and Tobago. National Task Force on Education. 1994. Education Policy Paper (1993 – 2003) (White Paper). Port of Spain, Trinidad: Ministry of Education.
With a population of 200.4 million, there are close to 65 million people who have not completed primary education [3]. Brazilian children are able to access free education at all three stages (primary, secondary and tertiary) of the education system. However, there are numerous social problems that affect free education in the Brazilian community. Annually, millions of students graduate from secondary schooling without being able to write essays, solve basic mathematics etc. Some schools also involve certain rules and regulations which prevent students from failing which leads to students moving forward without having basic knowledge of the previous year. This leads to lack of general knowledge, English reading and writing skills, arithmetic skills etc. contributing to the illiterate population. Other problems in Brazil include lack of teachers, increased crime rates, school abandonment, lack of proper infrastructure (science labs) and teenage pregnancies which have affected the literacy rates of Brazil [5]. Brazil’s expenditure on education has increased over the years, (refer to Appendix 1) however the chief problem lies in the large Brazilian population. Despite its large population, basic education requirements are lacking in Brazilian students. Even after large education investments, the distribution of education wealth remains unequal. In Sao Paulo, one of the wealthiest states with a large population, the
The child labor was create back in eighteen century. It was a situation where young Children at age fourteen to sixteen was able to work in the United States and United Kingdom. During this period of time children were forced to work in factories. Some children as young as five were force to work to help their family, but at same time it was limited in some states where they considered to be illegal and people think it was violation of human right.