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Violence in our society
An essay about violence
Violence in our society
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Chapter 7 and 8 continue David Kelsey’s constructive anthropological proposals concerning the “what” of human creatureliness. Towards the end of chapter 8, Kelsey offers an abbreviated thesis of his eccentric anthropology (which also gestures to the meaning of the title):
The ground of meaning in human life is eccentric to that life. (327)
In elaboration of that thesis, chapter 7 (281-308) re-entangles Job’s twin-telling his birth story in order to guide an engagement with Genesis that centers on the concept of person, while chapter 8 (309-332) develops an account of human flourishing as the faithful response of creatures to God as creator.
Persons and Bodies
Kelsey proposes a distinctive theological concept of what a person is for Christian
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Morals and ethics are not measured by the distance from paradise lost or absent. Rather than looking back at Eden, human creatures look out for the well-being of the quotidian. That is to say, for Kelsey, human creatures flourish insofar as they are accountable to God—who like a Lender has given human creatures their bodies on loan—by appropriately and faithfully living “a set of practices” in their proximate contexts and for their context’s well-being (310). Flourishing has to do with being and acting on the “powers and capacities” of a given living body and the “networks of relationships” it is set in over time …show more content…
On page 321 Kelsey brings up the threat of violence that occurs when our practices are out of step with a vision of fellow creatures and ourselves precisely as creatures. Along these lines, I wonder about the possibility of a critique of violence. Violence takes on cool quotidian and everyday shapes in addition to apocalyptic and spectacular forms. Is Kelsey able to account for everyday violence, violence that emerges and is sustained within the quotidian? Is there a sense that violence is in harmony with, or simply a side-effect of, the fragility and complexity of creation? Is theological immunity granted to the quotidian insofar as it must, from the outset, be deemed good as the proximate context created by
Believers of the Old and New Testaments claim that violence is a sin and can only lead to more brutality and death; poet Tony Barnstone firmly agrees. In his poem “Parable in Praise of Violence” Barnstone lambastes the American obsession with violence-- that it is often triggered by inevitable events which could be handled in different manners. The speaker in “Parable in Praise of Violence” reflects on all parts of his “sinful” culture and comes to the realization that people often use violence as a way to deal with emotions of grief and anger caused by events and concepts they cannot explain.
Berlin, Adele, Marc Zvi. Brettler, and Michael A. Fishbane. "Job." The Jewish Study Bible. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2004. 1501-1505. Print.
...sterton, G. K.. "Introduction to The Book of Job." The Hebrew Bible In Literary Criticism. Ed. and Comp. Alex Preminger and Edward L. Greenstein. New York: Ungar, 1986. 449-50.
Perhaps the most important question moral philosophy can ask is: who or what is entitled to moral rights? When we discuss differing moral philosophies such as utilitarianism or deontology we do so with the underlying assumption that human beings are centric to the moral code. Should we assume this? Historically speaking humans have only been present on this planet for 100,000 years. The planet itself has been around 4.6 billion years, so the environment and animal life existed long before intelligent human life emerged. Why then, is morality generally accepted to be applied solely to humans? To answer this question I intend to discuss some of the basic tenets of morality, such as the moral community. What does membership in the moral community entail? Does not being a contributing member to the moral community mean that you are not entitled to moral consideration? The way humans deal with the topics of animal rights and environmentalism hinge upon the answer to these questions.
“Every natural process is a version of a moral sentence. The moral law lies at the centre of nature and radiates to the
Inwardly examining his own nature, man would prefer to see himself as a virtuously courageous being designed in the image of a divine supernatural force. Not to say that the true nature of man is a complete beast, he does posses, like many other creatures admirable traits. As author Matt Ridley examines the nature of man in his work The Origins of Virtue, both the selfish and altruistic sides of man are explored. Upon making an honest and accurate assessment of his character, it seems evident that man is not such a creature divinely set apart from the trappings of selfishness and immorality. Rather than put man at either extreme it seems more accurate to describe man as a creature whose tendency is to look out for himself first, as a means of survival.
The Book of Job allocates a strong emphases on the series of questions Job ponders about God in his state of existential despair, and through these questions, although he does not receive a concrete answer, he attains a new insight. Job goes through a progressive chain from acceptance of God’s actions to questioning it and finally achieving understanding. Wisdom, in a general sense, is one’s ability to understand, through the process of gaining exceptional insight and judgment, uncertain and perplexing matters. In particular then, The Book of Job undertakes matters of existence that oppose the very fundamental principle of retributivism which consequently baffles Job. Through recognizing his lack of knowledge and questioning his friends’ assumptions concerning God instead of blindly accepting a simple retributive view of Him, Job manages to, paradoxically, gain a sense of wisdom by just realizing what he does not know.
In his lecture, primatologist Robert Sapolsky explains the uniqueness of humans as well as our similarities to other primates. In doing so, he broke it down into six points of interest: aggression, theory of mind, the golden rule, empathy, pleasure in anticipation and gratification postponement, and lastly, culture. Professor Sapolsky approaches each point with interesting fact-based examples thus allowing me to gain insight on humans and other primates. Sapolsky’s knowledge of primates along with his scientific background allows him to make a clear argument that one cannot simply ignore.
Pinckaers, Servais. The Source of Christian Ethics. Translated by Sr. Mary Thomas Noble. Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1995.
"The Book of Job" is an epic tale of pious pessimism from the Old Testament of the Bible about a righteous, God-fearing man named Job. Job has been blessed with many children, and great material wealth. But all of that soon comes to an end as Satan and God begin their debate on whether or not Job would keep his piety in the face of adversity.
human, suffering, and dying for the sake of Adam and his descendants. “ ‘Where shall we find such love,’” he wonders,“ ‘[where] in all heaven charity so dear?’” (3.213-6) The
Welsch, Robert L, and Kirk M Endicott. “Should Cultural Anthropology Model itself on the Natural Science.” Taking sides clashing views on controversial issues in cultural anthropology. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Print.
The ritual examination of the other functions as a harvesting of intellectual resources to formulate a theory of the western self. In the case of the sensitive but scientific anthropologist, the mind of the other is a key to understanding the universal nature of the human mind. Durkheim and Lévi-Strauss consider ‘primitive thought’ to be rooted in certain modes of classification which they consider to be precursors and parallels, respectively, to ‘modern’ Euro-American scientific rationality. They take this connection between modes of classification and thought as indicative of a universal condition of human existence that shows the subject is rule bound and order loving. This conclusion of thought from classification from society is ultimately but the reenactment of their definitions and presuppositions that arise from the form of religious thought they call ‘rationality’.
Paul Gerard Horrigan. An Introduction to the Philosophy of Man. Philosophical Anthropology. 2008. Web. Retrieved from http://www.phorrigan.fcpages.com/philoanthropology.htm
When considering morality, worthy to note first is that similar to Christian ethics, morality also embodies a specifically Christian distinction. Studying a master theologian such as St. Thomas Aquinas and gathering modern perspectives from James Keenan, S. J. and David Cloutier serve to build a foundation of the high goal of Christian morality. Morality is a primary goal of the faith community, because it is the vehicle for reaching human fulfillment and happiness. Therefore, great value can be placed on foundations of Christian morality such as the breakdown of law from Aquinas, the cultivation of virtues, the role of conscience in achieving morality, and the subject of sin described by Keenan.