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enhancing performance in an organization
increasing organizational effectiveness
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Strategic use of information systems is one of the most important issues facing firms in today’s business environment. Information systems (IS) can either enable or hinder business growth, so organizations must learn to use IS advantageously. The case study “Building Business Agility at Southwest Airlines” by Ross and Beath (2007) demonstrates how a firm can drive business success through a revolutionary change in its use of IS. In the following case analysis, I will introduce and evaluate Southwest Airlines, describe and analyze its approach to IS as outlined in “Building Business Agility at Southwest Airlines,” and provide future recommendations for the company.
First of all, let’s take a look at Southwest Airlines. This airline company
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“Our people are our single greatest strength and most enduring long-term competitive advantage,” reports CEO Gary Kelly on the Southwest Airline website (https://www.southwest.com/html/about-southwest). The company works hard to hire great individuals and then rewards and supports them to make satisfied, productive employees (Ross & Beath, 2007). In fact, Southwest Airlines has received repeated recognition as a great place to work (“Southwest Corporate Fact Sheet,” n.d.). As a result, Southwest Airlines is able to provide a low-cost, fun-cultured experience with excellent customer service (Ross & Beath, 2007). This has allowed the company to build its final strength in this evaluation: a strong brand …show more content…
Despite its growing domestic network, the company didn’t offer international flights until July 2014, and even then, it only offered limited destinations (“Southwest Corporate Fact Sheet,” n.d.). Furthermore, the company’s reliance on a single aircraft is cause for concern. Southwest Airlines was also weak with technology utilization initially but has since turned this into an asset, as described later. Finally, the company has a limitation with providing customer perks due to its low-cost operations (Ross & Beath,
Unlike most corporations, Southwest has an inverted pyramid structure with employees at the top, a higher priority than any other stakeholder. Customers come second, as Southwest President Colleen Barrett describes it: "If we treat them [employees] right, and give them proactive customer service, they...will in turn assure that our second most important group, [the passengers]...receive the same proactive customer service." (Barrett, Colleen. Interview. Knowledge @ Wharton. Wharton School of Management: 8 Jul 2008. Podcast). Barrett and her colleagues are demonstrating conceptualization, or the ability to distinguish what are their top short and long term goals. They hope to create a continuous wheel of service where employees at the top ensure that passengers below them are always satisfied. To complete the organization pyramid, management is at the bottom. This further embodies the spirit of servant leadership, where the focus is on increased services to others rather then to
Not all of the external factors affecting Southwest Airlines are helpful, however. In terms of threats, Southwest Airlines faces several challenges. The airline industry is a highly competitive market and costs are continuing to rise (e.g. rapidly increasing fuel costs and labor costs). Unfortunately, these factors greatly increase the risk of another company emulating the strategies and core competencies of Southwest Airlines (Ross & Beath, 2007). Ross & Beath (2007) mention this threat in regards to JetBlue rapidly approaching innovative, low-cost operations. There is also not a clear sense of customer loyalty in this market, outside of frequent flyers seeking loyalty card perks. Overall, the biggest threat to Southwest is its competition.
Another internal challenge for Southwest Airlines is the conflicting management style and business operation with AirTran. On top of that, the external challenges such as the increase of competitions and gas prices are some of issues f...
Southwest Airlines strategy of focusing on short haul passenger and providing rates as low as one third of their competitors, they have seen tremendous growth in the last decade. Market share for top city pairs on Southwest's schedule has reached 80% to 85%. Maintaining the largest fleet of 737's in the world and utilizing point-to-point versus the hub-and-spoke method of connection philosophy allowed Southwest to provide their service to more people at a lower cost. By putting the employee first, Southwest has found the key to success in the airline business. A happy worker is a more productive one as well as a better service provider. Southwest will continue to reserve their growth in the future by entering select markets only after careful market research.
Southwest Airlines Company (SAC) has turn out to be a shining example not only in the airline industry, but in the business world as a whole. At the heart of the carrier, their vision and mission statements have been diligently working to turn a dream into reality by becoming the world’s most loved, most flown, and most profitable airline, as well as be dedicated to the highest quality of customer service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit, respectfully (Investor Relations, 2015). As a Fortune 500 company, SAC employs over 49,000 personnel to provide first-rate service more than 100 million customers annually. They credit much of their success to its triple bottom line approach
Even though Southwest offers no-frills, there is still a high degree of customer satisfaction that continuously builds customer loyalty for the company. As mentioned, Southwest offers low prices on their airplane tickets. Also, Southwest is renowned in the airline industry for its short turnaround time on arrivals and departures. And since people's biggest concern nowadays is money and time, having low price airline tickets to cater their traveling needs in a shorter period of time will surely satisfy them. Moreover, aside from the low prices offered, what attracts to customers is Southwest’s way in dealing with them. The employees of the airline treat their customers well and really listen to their needs.
Since 1987, when the Department of Transportation began tracking Customer Satisfaction statistics, Southwest has consistently led the entire airline industry with the lowest ratio of complaints per passengers boarded. Many airlines have tried to copy Southwest’s business model, and the Culture of Southwest is admired and emulated by corporations and organizations in all walks of life. Always the innovator, Southwest pioneered Senior Fares, a same-day air freight delivery service, and Ticketless Travel. Southwest led the way with the first airline web page—southwest.com, DING, the first-ever direct link to Customer’s computer desktops that delivers live updates on the hottest deals, and the first airline corporate blog, Nuts About Southwest. Our Share the Spirit community programs make Southwest the hometown airline of every city we serve.
The marketing approach of Southwest Airlines is built upon their strong business model. They have successfully managed to target two specific market segments of the airline industry while remaining profitable. Their strategy is simple, to offer frequent non-stop flights with the lowest costs which appeal to both the business and budget travelers. By segmenting their target audience to specific demographics and ticket pricing, passengers know exactly what they are getting for the price they pay.
Since CEO Gary Kelly took the reins of the company back in 2004, Southwest has maintained and enhanced the company’s ability to offer customers a great flying experience for low fares. This effort start early in Mr. Kelly’s tenure when he identified four success factors
Southwest Airlines is operating in an industry that is struggling to make profits. The slowing economic growth and raising fuel costs are lowering earnings while revenues remain the same. The macroeconomic factors affecting the airline industry include unemployment, the economic growth in the United States, and inflation. With low economic growth, consumers are finding luxury items more difficult to purchase and airline tickets for vacations fall into that category. Unemployment contributes to a lack of vacation travelers since individuals who are not employed do not have extra money for vacation or airline tickets. Inflation also causes operating costs of the airlines to be higher cutting into profits.
The mission of Southwest Airlines is a dedication to the highest quality of service delivered with warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit (Mission…, 2007). The company also provides opportunities for learning and personal growth to each employee. Creativity and innovation is very important and highly encouraged, for the purposes of improving effectiveness. Employees are to be provided the same concern, respect, and caring attitude within the organization that the employees are expected to share with the customer. Southwest Airlines was initially created to be a low-cost alternative to high price of intra-Texas air carriers (Freiberg, 1996). Southwest’s fares were originally supposed to compete with car and bus transportation. It was a little airline, and it would withstand the test of time. As a discount, no-frills airline, it would provide stiff competition for larger airlines. Their strategy was to operate at low cost, offering no food, no movies, no first class, and no reserved seats. They created their own market and provided increased turnaround times at the gate, by avoiding hub-and-spoke airports and opting for short-haul, direct flights. Through this market approach, Southwest has a majority of market share in the markets they serve.
The Organizational Structure of Southwest Airlines. One of the determining factors of the organizational behavior in an organizational structure. It includes several areas such as issues of authority and control, communication team, market and geographic structure, product division. Southwest Airlines determine all these areas and proved a strong competence in all issues. The SWA organizational structure is well-known for being functional. First of all, because their structure is multi-divisional, “each division in a multidivisional structure is essentially a different business. Moreover, the responsibility of each divisional manager is to design the divisional structure that best meets the needs of the products and customer of that division” (Jones, 2007, p. 155). The major positive aspect of such kind of structure is an increased organizational effectiveness and control. In this system, behavior is controlled through internal upward mobility. “A large divisional company possesses an internal labor market which increases managers’ motivation to increase organizational effectiveness” (Jones, 2007, p. 157). One more important issue in such type of structure is how to keep the customer’s happiness. The SWA coped with this question easily. They put the
Southwest Airlines clearly outlines their values in their corporate mission statement: The mission of Southwest Airlines is dedication to the highest quality of customer service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit (www.southwest.com). This mission both describes the company's approach to its workforce, and the customer at large. Rather than focusing on the financial side of the business, Southwest has been successful in creating an organization centered in fostering positive relationships with its employees and customers. The airline is also known for its zany corporate culture', and has maintained the buy in of its employees through emphasizing a fun atmosphere (Plunkett, 2004-2005, p.509). Company founder, Herb Kelleher once said, "If work was more fun, it would feel less like work (www.funsulting.com)". Through creating a fun working environment, Southwest has also created a fun traveling option, which entices their customers as well.
There are few things that are impressive about Southwest Airlines first one is how they treat the employees. For Southwest Airlines employees are first and customers are second. If the employees are treated well that will bring in happy customers. Next is that Southwest is not only with their low prices but is able to create a competitive advantage by offering a fun and humorous experience when flying. Finally another impressive fact is when Herb Kelleher’s retire from CEO position yet remained a Southwest employee till July 2014. Even after the retirement he was still active with the Southwest Airlines that reflected his enthusiasm and dedication for the
It all started in 1971, when Rolling King and Herb Kelleher decided to challenge the existing rut of charging high prices for air travels. They considered the railways and roadways their competitors and decided to offer cheaper travel for smaller routes. The company was incorporated in 1967, apart from initial entry troubles, Southwest has been the only US airline to have earned profits since 1973. The eccentric company’s outlandish way of conducting themselves has been the sole reason for Southwest Airlines to succeed in a highly competitive and packed industry.